Juncus bufonius

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 1: 328. 1753.

WeedyIllustrated
Synonyms: Juncus bufonius var. congestus (S. Watson) Fernald Juncus bufonius var. halophilus Buchenau & Fernald Juncus bufonius var. hybridus Farwell Juncus bufonius var. occidentalis F. J. Hermann Juncus bufonius var. ranarius Farwell Juncus congestus Juncus ranarius
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 22.

Herbs, annual, cespitose, 0.5–4 dm. Culms 1–many, occasionally becoming decumbent. Cataphylls 0–2. Leaves basal and cauline; auricles rudimentary or absent; blade flat, 3–13 cm × 0.3–1.1 mm. Inflorescences loose and diffuse or less often compact, usually at least ½1/2 total height of plant; primary bract shorter than inflorescence. Flowers: bracteoles 2; tepals greenish, lanceolate, 3.8–7(–8.5) mm; inner series slightly shorter, apex sometimes obtuse; stamens 3–6, filaments (0.7–)1–1.8 mm, anthers 0.3–0.8 mm; style 0.1–0.2 mm. Capsules tan to reddish brown, 3-locular, ellipsoid to narrowly so, slightly truncate, 2.7–4 × 1–1.5 mm, sometimes exceeding inner tepals but usually not outer series. Seeds yellowish, widely ellipsoid to ovoid, 0.26–0.49, not tailed. 2n = 27–37, 58–81, 108–115.


Phenology: Flowering and fruiting spring–early fall.
Habitat: Moist soils in meadows, along lakeshores or stream banks, ditches, or roadsides, especially frequent in drawdown areas, usually in open sites and often becoming weedy

Distribution

V22 145-distribution-map.jpg

Greenland, Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.W.T., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon, Ala., Alaska, Ariz., Ark., Calif., Colo., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Mont., Nebr., Nev., N.H., N.J., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Tex., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Wyo., nearly worldwide.

Discussion

Nearly worldwide, Juncus bufonius is found essentially throughout North America except north of the Alaskan and Canadian tTaiga. Juncus bufonius is a highly polymorphic complex that is poorly understood systematically. Insufficient evidence exists upon which to base the segregation of the plethora of taxa that have been recognized out of this group in the past.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Juncus bufonius"
Ralph E. Brooks* +  and Steven E. Clemants* +
Linnaeus +
Greenland +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.W.T. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Yukon +, Ala. +, Alaska +, Ariz. +, Ark. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, Nev. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Vt. +, Va. +, Wash. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +, Wyo. +  and nearly worldwide. +
Moist soils in meadows, along lakeshores or stream banks, ditches, or roadsides, especially frequent in drawdown areas, usually in open sites and often becoming weedy +
Flowering and fruiting spring–early fall. +
Weedy +  and Illustrated +
Juncus bufonius var. congestus +, Juncus bufonius var. halophilus +, Juncus bufonius var. hybridus +, Juncus bufonius var. occidentalis +, Juncus bufonius var. ranarius +, Juncus congestus +  and Juncus ranarius +
Juncus bufonius +
Juncus subg. Poiophylli +
species +