Lolium temulentum

L.
Synonyms: Lolium temulentum var. macrochaeton Lolium temulentum var. leptochaeton Lolium temulentum var. arvense Lolium multiflorum var. ramosum (Guss.) Pari.
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 456.

Plants annual. Culms to 120 cm. Blades to 27 cm long, 1-12 mm wide. Spikes 2-40 cm, with 3-26 spikelets; rachises 0.5-3.5 mm thick at the nodes, spikelets not sunken in the rachises, not concealed by the glumes. Spikelets 5-28 mm long, 1-8 mm wide, with 2-10 florets. Glumes 5-28 mm, membranous to indurate; lemmas 3.5-8.5 mm long, 1.2-3 mm wide, unawned or awned, awns to 23 mm, attached 0.2-2 mm below the apices; paleas 1.2 mm shorter than to 0.8 mm longer than the lemmas, often wrinkled; anthers 1.5-4 mm. Caryopses 3.2-7 mm long, 1-3 mm wide, 2-3 times longer than wide, turgid. 2n = 14.

Distribution

Conn., N.J., N.Y., Mass., Maine, Vt., Del., Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Labr.), Ont., Que., Sask., Yukon, Wash., Fla., Wyo., N.Mex., N.Dak., Okla., La., N.C., Tenn., Pa., Alaska, Ala., Ark., Ariz., Ga., Iowa, Idaho, Ill., Kans., Ky., Md., Mich., Minn., Mo., Miss., Mont., Ohio, Oreg., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., W.Va., Calif., Va., Tex.

Discussion

Lolium temulentum is said to be the tares of the Bible. Its two subspecies differ mainly in quantitative characters.

Selected References

None.

Key

1 Lemmas 3.5-5.5 mm long, 1.2-1.8 mm wide; glumes 5-16 mm long; caryopses 3.2-4.5 mm long, 1.2-1.8 mm wide; rachises slender Lolium temulentum subsp. remotum
1 Lemmas 4.5-8.5 mm long, 1.5-3 mm wide; glumes (5.5)7-28 mm long; caryopses (3.8)4-7 mm long, (1)1.5-3 mm wide; rachises rather stout Lolium temulentum subsp. temulentum
... more about "Lolium temulentum"
Edward E. Terrell +
Conn. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Mass. +, Maine +, Vt. +, Del. +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. (Labr.) +, Ont. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Yukon +, Wash. +, Fla. +, Wyo. +, N.Mex. +, N.Dak. +, Okla. +, La. +, N.C. +, Tenn. +, Pa. +, Alaska +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Ariz. +, Ga. +, Iowa +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Kans. +, Ky. +, Md. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, Miss. +, Mont. +, Ohio +, Oreg. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, W.Va. +, Calif. +, Va. +  and Tex. +
Lolium temulentum var. macrochaeton +, Lolium temulentum var. leptochaeton +, Lolium temulentum var. arvense +  and Lolium multiflorum var. ramosum +
Lolium temulentum +
species +