Orthotrichum cupulatum

Hoffmann ex Bridel

Muscol. Recent. 2(2): 25. 1801.

Illustrated
Synonyms: Orthotrichum leiodon Kindberg O. utahense Lesquereux
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 53. Mentioned on page 48.

Plants to 1.2 cm. Stem leaves erect-appressed when dry, ovate-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 2.5–4 mm; margins recurved or revolute to near apex, entire; apex acute or rarely narrowly obtuse; basal laminal cells long- to short-rectangular, walls thin, not nodose; distal cells 8–12 µm, 1-stratose, rarely 2-stratose in streaks, papillae 2 or 3 per cell, 2-fid and large, or sometimes conic and small. Specialized asexual reproduction absent. Sexual condition gonioautoicous. Seta 0.5–1 mm. Capsule immersed to 1/2 emergent when dry, ovate, 1.2–1.6 mm, 16-ribbed, constricted below mouth when dry; stomata immersed; peristome single, rarely double; prostome usually present; exostome teeth 16, usually absent when capsule is old, erect, spreading-reflexed with age, papillose-striate or papillose-reticulate; endostome segments absent or rarely 8, not well developed, of 1 row of cells, short, smooth. Calyptra oblong to oblong-conic, smooth, hairy, hairs papillose. Spores 9–16 µm.


Habitat: Calcareous and large boulders in coniferous forests, dry areas of Pinus ponderosa forests, dry cliff faces in canyons
Elevation: low to high elevations (100-3000 m)

Distribution

V28 64-distribution-map.gif

B.C., Ont., Ariz., Calif., Colo., Idaho, Mont., Nev., Oreg., S.Dak., Tex., Utah, Wash., Wyo., Mexico (Nuevo León), Europe, Asia, n Africa.

Discussion

Orthotrichum cupulatum is extremely variable but can be distinguished by: leaves ovate-lanceolate, broadly but sharply acute, and usually 1-stratose or occasionally partially 2-stratose; laminal cell papillae usually large and 2-fid, but if small and conic then the leaf is 1-stratose; leaf margins never thicker than lamina; peristome teeth always 16, erect or spreading, and yellow-brown; and capsule 16-ribbed, sometimes with eight short and eight long ribs. The stomata are found in one or two rows mid capsule.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Orthotrichum cupulatum"
Dale H. Vitt +
Hoffmann ex Bridel +
B.C. +, Ont. +, Ariz. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Idaho +, Mont. +, Nev. +, Oreg. +, S.Dak. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Wash. +, Wyo. +, Mexico (Nuevo León) +, Europe +, Asia +  and n Africa. +
low to high elevations (100-3000 m) +
Calcareous and large boulders in coniferous forests, dry areas of Pinus ponderosa forests, dry cliff faces in canyons +
Muscol. Recent. +
Illustrated +
Orthotrichum leiodon +  and O. utahense +
Orthotrichum cupulatum +
Orthotrichum +
species +