shrubs, perennial, aerially parasitic on branches of angiosperms and gymnosperms, evergreen, dioecious or monoecious; roots present as haustorial endophytes
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monoecious or dioecious; hemiparasitic on branches of woody angiosperms and gymnosperms, infections localized [systemic]. Stems single or multiple; branching
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dioecious [monoecious]; parasitic on branches of woody angiosperms and gymnosperms, infections localized. Stems single or multiple; branching pseudodichotomous
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LAYOUT:treatment:TUOYAL Key to Families of Gymnosperms James E. Eckenwalder John W. Thieret Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. In the key below, the term
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families, wood anatomy can be used to distinguish Ephedra from the other gymnosperms in the flora. Only Ephedra has small cones, ring porous wood, wide multiseriate
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Vascular Plants of the Pacific Northwest, Part 1: Vascular Cryptogams, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. University of Washington Press, Seattle, Washington
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Vascular Plants of the Pacific Northwest. Part 1: Vascular Cryptogams, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. University of Washington Press, Seattle, Washington
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Families: An Overview Literature Cited Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms © 1993 Key to Families of Gymnosperms Key to Pteridophyte Families Credits Anemiaceae Aspleniaceae
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J. W. 1971. Studies of the southeastern United States flora. II. The gymnosperms. J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 87: 43--50. Kral, R. 1983b. Cycadaceae:
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acerose to subulate, or scalelike, leaves and the aspect of diminutive gymnosperms or overgrown mosses; they sometimes form relatively extensive stands.
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Introduction. 1993. ISBN 0-19-505713-9 Volume 2: Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. 1993. ISBN 0-19-508242-7 Volume 3: Magnoliidae and Hamamelidae(32
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Vascular Plants of the Pacific Northwest. Part 1: Vascular Cryptogams, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. University of Washington Press, Seattle, Washington
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James E. Eckenwalder THE classification of gymnosperms, like that of the flowering plants, is based primarily on structures of the sporophyte associated
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1: Introduction. 1993. ISBN 0-19-505713-9 Volume 2: Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. 1993. ISBN 0-19-508242-7 Volume 3: Magnoliidae and Hamamelidae (32 families
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Pteridophytes ► Equisetophyta ► Lycopodiophyta ► Polypodiophyta ► Psilotophyta ▼ Gymnosperms ► Coniferophyta ► Cycadophyta ► Ginkgophyta ► Gnetophyta ▼ Magnoliophyta
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understanding patterns in the flora. Volume 2 contains treatments of ferns and gymnosperms. Families in volumes 3 – 26, the angiosperms, are arranged according to
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Vascular Plants of the Pacific Northwest, Vol. 1: Vascular Cryptogams, Gymnosperms, and Monocotyledons. University of Washington Press, Seattle, Washington
40 KB (2,632 words) - 17:23, 11 May 2021
campylopodum would include P. ponderosa subsp. scopulorum. In contrast, The Gymnosperm Database (http://www.conifers.org/pi/Pinus_ponderosa.php) uses a modification
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Alphabetical List of Families for a full alphabetical list of Pteridophyte, Gymnosperm and Angiosperm families with volume numbers, including unpublished families
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of course, but algae, fungi, lichens, seedless vascular plants, and gymnosperms are also represented. One of the most widely distributed sources of food
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