Introduced; s, c Europe, n Africa, Asia, temperate and subtropical, widely cultivated in temperate areas. Species 70 (2 in the flora). Brickell C. D. and B. Mathew
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species may persist around areas where they were previously cultivated, there is no evidence that they are actually naturalized in the region. One of the most
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except in desert areas. In the tropics, especially in South America, the family is diverse in upland and montane areas, and notably diverse in such genera
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South America, sw Europe, n Africa, mostly of temperate areas. Genera 8, species 170–180 (5 genera, 40 species in the flora). Affinities of Cistaceae are evidently
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Watsonia) are cultivated in gardens in both tropical and temperate areas. Moraea and Homeria are poisonous and pose significant problems in cattle- and sheep-raising
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introduced in temperate to subtropical areas nearly worldwide. Species ca. 150 (93 in the flora). Oenothera is distributed widely in temperate to subtropical
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all 3 spikelets sessile in cultivated plants; disarticulation usually in the rachises, the spikelets falling in triplets, cultivated forms generally not disarticulating
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sometimes placed in Elytrigia are here included in Elymus, Thinopyrum, or Pseudoroegneria; species of Roegneria in Elymus; and species of Hystrix in Elymus or
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annular. x = 16, 17. Mostly tropical, subtropical, and warm-temperate zones, some species in temperate zones, some taxa are at present almost worldwide as introduced
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especially north-temperate, montane and alpine, and Mediterranean areas. Genera 83 or 89, species ca. 3000 (37 genera, 286 species in the flora). In addition to
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garden escapes in areas of the continent outside their natural ranges. Two Eurasian species that are widely cultivated in the flora area also escape sometimes
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mostly in tropical and subtropical areas. Genera 28, species ca. 600 (10 genera, 32 species in the flora). Lythraceae are widely distributed in both hemispheres
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American species widely cultivated and naturalized in eastern North America. In some species of Philadelphus, the axillary buds are enclosed in pouches of cortical
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Celtoideae. Zelkova serrata is widely cultivated as an ornamental tree in North America, but it is not known to be naturalized in the flora. Chemical similarities
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jointed. x = 7. North America, nw Mexico, Eurasia, mostly temperate areas. Species 25–30 (15 in the flora). The convergence of morphologic (J. Soják 1985[1989])
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basis of selections of hardy Hibiscus available in the horticultural trade. A popular cultivated form in the South is the result of an experimental cross
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(as O. ludoviciana) have been reported on cultivated tomato crops in southern California and on tobacco crops in the Ohio River Valley, respectively, with
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1.5–2 mm in diam. margins not rounded; seed coat black, rugose. Phenology: Fruiting early summer–fall. Habitat: Waste areas and cultivated ground Elevation:
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species of Malvastrum have been widely introduced worldwide in tropical and warm-temperate regions; none is usually cultivated; several are considered to be
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naturalized in these areas. In Missouri, it is considered to be naturalized (and uncommon) only in the extreme southeastern corner. Plants are shrubs in tropical
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