glands 1–3 (sometimes 4–5 in E. eriantha, E. exstipulata, and E. radians), sessile or stipitate, shallowly cupped to deeply concave; appendages absent or petaloid
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surfaces pilose to villous, sometimes sessile-glandular, adaxial glabrate or pubescent to hirsute, eglandular, rarely sessile-glandular; short shoots (usually
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proximally, petiolate (M. cumberlandensis, M. godfreyi proximal leaves) or sessile; blade 1–3-veined, sometimes obscurely so, filiform-linear to subulate,
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Leaves cauline; opposite (proximal) or alternate (mostly); petiolate or sessile; blades (1- or 3-nerved) broadly lanceolate to linear, margins entire, faces
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forming a cupule; disarticulation at the base of the fascicles. Spikelets sessile, with 2 florets; lower florets usually sterile; upper florets bisexual.
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filiform or scalelike, sheathless; lateral spikes androgynous or pistillate, sessile, prophyllate; terminal spike androgynous. Proximal pistillate scales with
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simple or branched. Leaves basal or cauline (sometimes cauline only), sessile or petiolate; blade margins entire or dentate to pinnately lobed, faces
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distally or ± throughout. Leaves cauline; opposite (decussate); petiolate or sessile (weakly connate to connate-perfoliate); blades (often 3-nerved) oblong-ovate
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scapiform). Leaves basal and cauline; alternate; ± petiolate (basal) or sessile; blades (usually appressed to strictly ascending) usually 1-nerved, linear
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Leaves alternate or proximalmost subopposite, short petiolate or distal ones sessile; petiole 2–5 mm; blade cordate-ovate or subreniform to ovate to deltoid-ovate
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sparsely sessile-glandular or eglandular; petiole and rachis usually (rarely) with pricklets, glabrous or puberulent to pubescent, sessile-glandular;
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evenly distributed. Leaves: basal leaves petiolate, broader; distal leaves sessile or subsessile, narrower, margins entire. Inflorescences axillary and in
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sparse basally and increasing in density distally within each internode. Sessile spikelets 3-5 mm; callus hairs 1-2.5 mm; keels of lower glumes sometimes
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adaxially dull, not striate; rachis straight. Ultimate segments of blade sessile to short-stalked, linear to oblong-lanceolate, 1.5–8 mm wide; base truncate
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Leaves cauline; mostly opposite (distal sometimes alternate); petiolate or sessile; blades (or lobes) ovate, oblanceolate, or linear, 1-pinnately lobed, ultimate
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simple, glabrous. Leaves mostly basal, some cauline, alternate, petiolate or sessile; ocrea persistent or disintegrating with age and deciduous entirely or distally
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on page 391. Herbs or subshrubs, annual or perennial, glabrous. Leaves sessile, fleshy, cross sections of fresh leaves ± uniformly green when seen at 10×
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1-2-ternate; petiole (2-)4-10(-14) cm; terminal leaflet petiolulate to ±sessile, broadly and irregularly rhombic to obovate, (1.5-)2.5-4.5(-5.5) × (1-)3-10
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and/or cauline; opposite (sometimes whorled) or alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades (pinnately nerved or 3- or 5-nerved from at or near bases) mostly
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polyploidy and dysploidy. Stamen number, placenta structure (entire and sessile versus two-fid and stalked), capsule shape, and number of flowers per node/bract
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