familyPinaceae
genusAbies

Difference between revisions of "Abies fraseri"

(Pursh) Poiret in Lamarck et al.

in Lamarck et al.,Encycl. 5: 35. 1817.

Common names: Fraser fir southern balsam fir
Basionym: Pinus fraseri Pursh
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2.
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--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="tree some measurement"><b>Trees </b>to 25m;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="trunk diameter">trunk to 0.75m diam.;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="crown shape">crown spirelike.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="bark coloration;bark width;bark architecture or pubescence or relief;scale development;scale fixation or orientation;scale coloration"><b>Bark </b>gray, thin, smooth, with age developing appressed reddish scales at trunk base.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="branch orientation"><b>Branches </b>diverging from trunk at right angles;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="twig arrangement;twig coloration;twig pubescence">twigs opposite, pale yellowbrown, pubescence reddish.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="bud prominence;bud coloration;bud shape;bud size;bud coating;apex shape"><b>Buds </b>exposed, light-brown, conic, small, resinous, apex acute;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="basal scale height or length or size;basal scale width;basal scale shape;basal scale pubescence;basal scale coating;margin architecture or shape;apex shape">basal scales short, broad, equilaterally triangular, glabrous, resinous, margins entire, apex sharp-pointed.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="leaf length;leaf width;leaf arrangement;leaf arrangement;leaf fragility"><b>Leaves </b>1.2–2.5cm × 1.5–2mm, 2-ranked, particularly in lower parts of tree, to spiraled, flexible;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="">cross-section flat, grooved adaxially;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="cross-section prominence or shape;cross-section architecture;cross-section odor;cross-section fragility">odor turpentinelike, strong;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="stomatal atypical count;stomatal atypical count;stomatal count;row atypical count;row atypical count;row count">abaxial surface with (8–) 10 (–12) stomatal rows on each side of midrib;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="adaxial surface coloration;adaxial surface reflectance;adaxial surface coloration;adaxial surface pubescence;adaxial surface count;stomatal count;row count">adaxial surface dark lustrous green, sometimes slightly glaucous, with 0–3 stomatal rows at midleaf, these more numerous toward leaf apex;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="apex shape;apex shape;apex shape">apex slightly notched to rounded;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="resin canal size;resin canal position;margin position">resin canals large, ± median, away from margins and midway between abaxial and adaxial epidermal layers.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="pollen cone coloration;pollen cone coloration"><b>Pollen </b>cones at pollination reddish yellow or yellowish green.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="seed-cone shape;seed-cone length;seed-cone width;seed-cone coloration;seed-cone architecture;bract coloration;apex shape"><b>Seed-</b>cones cylindric, 3.5–6 × 2.5–4cm, dark purple overlaid with yellowish green bracts, sessile, apex round;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="scale length;scale width;scale pubescence">scales ca. 0.7–1 × 1–1.3cm, pubescent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="bract position;bract orientation">bracts exserted and reflexed over cone-scales.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="seed length;seed width;body coloration"><b>Seeds </b>4–5 × 2–3mm, body brown;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="wing coloration or density">wing about as long as body, purple;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="cotyledon count;2n chromosome count">cotyledons ca. 5.2n =24.</span><!--
+
--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees </b>to 25m; trunk to 0.75m diam.; crown spirelike. <b>Bark</b> gray, thin, smooth, with age developing appressed reddish scales at trunk base. <b>Branches</b> diverging from trunk at right angles; twigs opposite, pale yellow-brown, pubescence reddish. <b>Buds</b> exposed, light brown, conic, small, resinous, apex acute; basal scales short, broad, equilaterally triangular, glabrous, resinous, margins entire, apex sharp-pointed. <b>Leaves</b> 1.2–2.5cm × 1.5–2mm, 2-ranked, particularly in lower parts of tree, to spiraled, flexible; cross section flat, grooved adaxially; odor turpentinelike, strong; abaxial surface with (8–)10(–12) stomatal rows on each side of midrib; adaxial surface dark lustrous green, sometimes slightly glaucous, with 0–3 stomatal rows at midleaf, these more numerous toward leaf apex; apex slightly notched to rounded; resin canals large, ± median, away from margins and midway between abaxial and adaxial epidermal layers. <b>Pollen</b> cones at pollination reddish yellow or yellowish green. <b>Seed</b> cones cylindric, 3.5–6 × 2.5–4cm, dark purple overlaid with yellowish green bracts, sessile, apex round; scales ca. 0.7–1 × 1–1.3cm, pubescent; bracts exserted and reflexed over cone scales. <b>Seeds</b> 4–5 × 2–3mm, body brown; wing about as long as body, purple; cotyledons ca. 5. <b>2n</b> =24.</span><!--
  
 
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|publication year=1817
 
|publication year=1817
 
|special status=
 
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V2/V2_615.xml
+
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V2/V2_615.xml
 
|genus=Abies
 
|genus=Abies
 
|species=Abies fraseri
 
|species=Abies fraseri
|2n chromosome count=24
 
|adaxial surface coloration=green;dark
 
|adaxial surface count=numerous
 
|adaxial surface pubescence=glaucous
 
|adaxial surface reflectance=lustrous
 
|apex shape=round;slightly notched;rounded
 
|bark architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
 
|bark coloration=gray
 
|bark width=thin
 
|basal scale coating=resinous
 
|basal scale height or length or size=short
 
|basal scale pubescence=glabrous
 
|basal scale shape=triangular
 
|basal scale width=broad
 
|body coloration=brown
 
|bract coloration=yellowish green
 
|bract orientation=reflexed
 
|bract position=exserted
 
|branch orientation=diverging
 
|bud coating=resinous
 
|bud coloration=light-brown
 
|bud prominence=exposed
 
|bud shape=conic
 
|bud size=small
 
|cotyledon count=5
 
|cross-section architecture=grooved
 
|cross-section fragility=strong
 
|cross-section odor=turpentinelike
 
|cross-section prominence or shape=flat
 
|crown shape=spirelike
 
|leaf arrangement=spiraled;2-ranked
 
|leaf fragility=flexible
 
|leaf length=1.2cm;2.5cm
 
|leaf width=1.5mm;2mm
 
|margin architecture or shape=entire
 
|margin position=midway
 
|pollen cone coloration=yellowish green;reddish yellow
 
|resin canal position=median
 
|resin canal size=large
 
|row atypical count=10;12
 
|row count=0;3
 
|scale coloration=reddish
 
|scale development=developing
 
|scale fixation or orientation=appressed
 
|scale length=0.7cm;1cm
 
|scale pubescence=pubescent
 
|scale width=1cm;1.3cm
 
|seed length=4mm;5mm
 
|seed width=2mm;3mm
 
|seed-cone architecture=sessile
 
|seed-cone coloration=dark purple
 
|seed-cone length=3.5cm;6cm
 
|seed-cone shape=cylindric
 
|seed-cone width=2.5cm;4cm
 
|stomatal atypical count=10;12
 
|stomatal count=0;3
 
|tree some measurement=0m;25m
 
|trunk diameter=0m;0.75m
 
|twig arrangement=opposite
 
|twig coloration=pale yellowbrown
 
|twig pubescence=reddish
 
|wing coloration or density=purple
 
 
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Revision as of 13:24, 27 July 2019

Trees to 25m; trunk to 0.75m diam.; crown spirelike. Bark gray, thin, smooth, with age developing appressed reddish scales at trunk base. Branches diverging from trunk at right angles; twigs opposite, pale yellow-brown, pubescence reddish. Buds exposed, light brown, conic, small, resinous, apex acute; basal scales short, broad, equilaterally triangular, glabrous, resinous, margins entire, apex sharp-pointed. Leaves 1.2–2.5cm × 1.5–2mm, 2-ranked, particularly in lower parts of tree, to spiraled, flexible; cross section flat, grooved adaxially; odor turpentinelike, strong; abaxial surface with (8–)10(–12) stomatal rows on each side of midrib; adaxial surface dark lustrous green, sometimes slightly glaucous, with 0–3 stomatal rows at midleaf, these more numerous toward leaf apex; apex slightly notched to rounded; resin canals large, ± median, away from margins and midway between abaxial and adaxial epidermal layers. Pollen cones at pollination reddish yellow or yellowish green. Seed cones cylindric, 3.5–6 × 2.5–4cm, dark purple overlaid with yellowish green bracts, sessile, apex round; scales ca. 0.7–1 × 1–1.3cm, pubescent; bracts exserted and reflexed over cone scales. Seeds 4–5 × 2–3mm, body brown; wing about as long as body, purple; cotyledons ca. 5. 2n =24.


Habitat: Mountain forests
Elevation: 1500m

Discussion

Some (e.g., B.F. Jacobs et al. 1984) have argued that Fraser fir is at the end of a disjunct cline of balsam fir and perhaps does not deserve separate specific status. A.E. Matzenko (1968) took the opposite view, classifying Fraser fir and balsam fir in different taxonomic series of the genus.

Of conservation concern.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.