Difference between revisions of "Abies lasiocarpa"

(Hooker) Nuttall

N. Amer. Sylv. 3: 138. 1849.

Common names: Subalpine fir alpine fir sapin concolore
Basionym: Pinus lasiocarpa Hooker
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2.
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--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="tree some measurement"><b>Trees </b>to 20m;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="trunk diameter">trunk to 0.8m diam.;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="crown shape">crown spirelike.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="bark coloration;bark width;bark architecture or pubescence or relief;bark architecture"><b>Bark </b>gray, thin, smooth, furrowed in age.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="branch fragility;branch course"><b>Branches </b>stiff, straight;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="twig arrangement;twig coloration;twig coloration;twig coloration;bark architecture or dehiscence;bark pubescence;year count;layer coloration">twigs opposite to whorled, greenish gray to light-brown, bark splitting as early as 2 years to reveal redbrown layer, somewhat pubescent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="leaf-scar condition;periderm coloration">fresh leaf-scars with red periderm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="bud prominence;apex prominence;apex shape;apex size;apex coating;apex coloration;apex coloration;apex coloration;apex prominence;apex shape;apex size;apex coating;apex shape"><b>Buds </b>hidden by leaves or exposed, tan to dark-brown, nearly globose, small, resinous, apex rounded;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="basal scale height or length or size;basal scale width;basal scale shape;basal scale pubescence;basal scale pubescence;basal scale coating;trichome count;margin shape;margin shape;margin shape;apex shape">basal scales short, broad, equilaterally triangular, glabrous or with a few trichomes at base, not resinous, margins crenate to dentate, apex sharp-pointed.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="leaf length;leaf width;leaf arrangement;leaf orientation;leaf fragility"><b>Leaves </b>1.8–3.1cm × 1.5–2mm, spiraled, turned upward, flexible;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="">cross-section flat, prominently grooved adaxially;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="cross-section prominence or shape;cross-section architecture;cross-section odor">odor sharp (ß-phellandrene);</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="stomatal count;row count">abaxial surface with 4–5 stomatal rows on each side of midrib;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="adaxial surface coloration;adaxial surface pubescence;stomatal count;row count;row architecture">adaxial surface bluish green, very glaucous, with 4–6 stomatal rows at midleaf, rows usually continuous to leaf base;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="apex shape;apex shape;apex shape">apex prominently or weakly notched to rounded;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="resin canal size;resin canal position;margin position">resin canals large, ± median, away from margins and midway between abaxial and adaxial epidermal layers.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="pollen cone coloration;pollen cone coloration;pollen cone coloration"><b>Pollen </b>cones at pollination ± purple to purplish green.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="seed-cone shape;seed-cone length;seed-cone width;seed-cone coloration;seed-cone architecture;apex shape"><b>Seed-</b>cones cylindric, 6–12 × 2–4cm, dark purple, sessile, apex rounded;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="scale length;scale width;scale pubescence">scales ca. 1.5 × 1.7cm, densely pubescent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="bract position">bracts included (specimens with exserted, reflexed bracts insect infested).</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="seed length;seed width;body coloration"><b>Seeds </b>6 × 2mm, body brown;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="wing length;wing coloration">wing about 1.5 times as long as body, light-brown;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s22" data-properties="cotyledon count;2n chromosome count">cotyledon number 4–5.2n =24.</span><!--
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--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees </b>to 20m; trunk to 0.8m diam.; crown spirelike. <b>Bark</b> gray, thin, smooth, furrowed in age. <b>Branches</b> stiff, straight; twigs opposite to whorled, greenish gray to light brown, bark splitting as early as 2 years to reveal red-brown layer, somewhat pubescent; fresh leaf scars with red periderm. <b>Buds</b> hidden by leaves or exposed, tan to dark brown, nearly globose, small, resinous, apex rounded; basal scales short, broad, equilaterally triangular, glabrous or with a few trichomes at base, not resinous, margins crenate to dentate, apex sharp-pointed. <b>Leaves</b> 1.8–3.1cm × 1.5–2mm, spiraled, turned upward, flexible; cross section flat, prominently grooved adaxially; odor sharp (ß-phellandrene); abaxial surface with 4–5 stomatal rows on each side of midrib; adaxial surface bluish green, very glaucous, with 4–6 stomatal rows at midleaf, rows usually continuous to leaf base; apex prominently or weakly notched to rounded; resin canals large, ± median, away from margins and midway between abaxial and adaxial epidermal layers. <b>Pollen</b> cones at pollination ± purple to purplish green. <b>Seed</b> cones cylindric, 6–12 × 2–4cm, dark purple, sessile, apex rounded; scales ca. 1.5 × 1.7cm, densely pubescent; bracts included (specimens with exserted, reflexed bracts are insect infested). <b>Seeds</b> 6 × 2mm, body brown; wing about 1.5 times as long as body, light brown; cotyledon number 4–5. <b>2n</b> =24.</span><!--
  
 
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|publication year=1849
 
|publication year=1849
 
|special status=
 
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V2/V2_767.xml
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|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V2/V2_767.xml
 
|genus=Abies
 
|genus=Abies
 
|species=Abies lasiocarpa
 
|species=Abies lasiocarpa
|2n chromosome count=24
 
|adaxial surface coloration=bluish green
 
|adaxial surface pubescence=glaucous
 
|apex coating=resinous;resinous
 
|apex coloration=tan;dark-brown
 
|apex prominence=exposed;exposed
 
|apex shape=rounded;notched;rounded
 
|apex size=small;small
 
|bark architecture=furrowed
 
|bark architecture or dehiscence=splitting
 
|bark architecture or pubescence or relief=smooth
 
|bark coloration=gray
 
|bark pubescence=pubescent
 
|bark width=thin
 
|basal scale coating=not resinous
 
|basal scale height or length or size=short
 
|basal scale pubescence=with a few trichomes;glabrous
 
|basal scale shape=triangular
 
|basal scale width=broad
 
|body coloration=brown
 
|bract position=included
 
|branch course=straight
 
|branch fragility=stiff
 
|bud prominence=hidden
 
|cotyledon count=4;5
 
|cross-section architecture=grooved
 
|cross-section odor=sharp
 
|cross-section prominence or shape=flat
 
|crown shape=spirelike
 
|layer coloration=redbrown
 
|leaf arrangement=spiraled
 
|leaf fragility=flexible
 
|leaf length=1.8cm;3.1cm
 
|leaf orientation=turned
 
|leaf width=1.5mm;2mm
 
|leaf-scar condition=fresh
 
|margin position=midway
 
|margin shape=crenate;dentate
 
|periderm coloration=red
 
|pollen cone coloration=less purple;purplish green
 
|resin canal position=median
 
|resin canal size=large
 
|row architecture=continuous
 
|row count=4;6
 
|scale length=1.5
 
|scale pubescence=pubescent
 
|scale width=1.7
 
|seed length=6
 
|seed width=2
 
|seed-cone architecture=sessile
 
|seed-cone coloration=dark purple
 
|seed-cone length=6cm;12cm
 
|seed-cone shape=cylindric
 
|seed-cone width=2cm;4cm
 
|stomatal count=4;6
 
|tree some measurement=0m;20m
 
|trichome count=few
 
|trunk diameter=0m;0.8m
 
|twig arrangement=opposite;whorled
 
|twig coloration=greenish gray;light-brown
 
|wing coloration=light-brown
 
|wing length=1.5 times as long as body
 
|year count=2
 
 
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Revision as of 13:27, 27 July 2019

Trees to 20m; trunk to 0.8m diam.; crown spirelike. Bark gray, thin, smooth, furrowed in age. Branches stiff, straight; twigs opposite to whorled, greenish gray to light brown, bark splitting as early as 2 years to reveal red-brown layer, somewhat pubescent; fresh leaf scars with red periderm. Buds hidden by leaves or exposed, tan to dark brown, nearly globose, small, resinous, apex rounded; basal scales short, broad, equilaterally triangular, glabrous or with a few trichomes at base, not resinous, margins crenate to dentate, apex sharp-pointed. Leaves 1.8–3.1cm × 1.5–2mm, spiraled, turned upward, flexible; cross section flat, prominently grooved adaxially; odor sharp (ß-phellandrene); abaxial surface with 4–5 stomatal rows on each side of midrib; adaxial surface bluish green, very glaucous, with 4–6 stomatal rows at midleaf, rows usually continuous to leaf base; apex prominently or weakly notched to rounded; resin canals large, ± median, away from margins and midway between abaxial and adaxial epidermal layers. Pollen cones at pollination ± purple to purplish green. Seed cones cylindric, 6–12 × 2–4cm, dark purple, sessile, apex rounded; scales ca. 1.5 × 1.7cm, densely pubescent; bracts included (specimens with exserted, reflexed bracts are insect infested). Seeds 6 × 2mm, body brown; wing about 1.5 times as long as body, light brown; cotyledon number 4–5. 2n =24.


Habitat: Coastal, subalpine coniferous forests
Elevation: 1100–2300 m

Distribution

V2 767-distribution-map.gif

B.C., Yukon, Alaska, Calif., Oreg., Wash.

Discussion

The only unique populations in this species come from coastal Alaska (A. S. Harris 1965; C. J. Heusser 1954). They are found at lower elevations (0–900 m) and appear to be isolated with no reported introgression between them and the coastal mountain populations. The population on the Prince of Wales Island has distinct terpene patterns and needs morphological and developmental studies to see if these patterns contrast with neighboring populations.

Through central British Columbia and northern Washington, Abies lasiocarpa introgresses with A. bifolia. These trees may have morphologic features resembling either species and may have intermediate terpene patterns; they are best classified as interior subalpine fir (A. bifolia × lasiocarpa). At the southern end of its range, A. lasiocarpa possibly hybridizes with A. procera (R.S. Hunt and E.von Rudloff 1979). Abies lasiocarpa shares with A. procera a red periderm, crystals in the ray parenchyma (R.W. Kennedy et al. 1968), and reflexed tips of the bracts, features not shared with A. bifolia.

Abies lasiocarpa usually exists in small stands at high elevations and is not often observed. Its differences in comparison to A. bifolia have prompted studies (W.H. Parker et al. 1979) to see if it is A. bifolia introgressed with the sympatric A. amabilis. Abies lasiocarpa and A. amabilis, however, are separated by many morphologic features, and no hybrids have been found (W.H. Parker et al. 1979).

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Abies lasiocarpa"
Richard S. Hunt +
(Hooker) Nuttall +
Pinus lasiocarpa +
Subalpine fir +, alpine fir +  and sapin concolore +
B.C. +, Yukon +, Alaska +, Calif. +, Oreg. +  and Wash. +
1100–2300 m +
Coastal, subalpine coniferous forests +
N. Amer. Sylv. +
harris1965a +, heusser1954a +  and zavarin1970a +
Abies lasiocarpa +
species +