Difference between revisions of "Allionia choisyi"

Standley

Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 310. 1931.

Common names: Trailing four-o’clock umbrella-wort garapatilla
Basionym: Allionia incarnata var. glabra Choisy
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 60. Mentioned on page 58, 59.
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--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="herb duration;herb pubescence;herb pubescence;herb pubescence"><b>Herbs,</b> annual [probably also perennial], glabrate to viscid-pubescent.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem coloration;stem atypical some measurement;stem some measurement"><b>Stems </b>often reddish, 0.1–0.7 [–2] m.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="leaf size"><b>Leaves </b>progressively reduced distally;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="distal leaf width">distal leaves proportionately narrower than proximal;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="petiole atypical some measurement;petiole some measurement;petiole variability;petiole height or length or size">larger leaves: petiole 2–18 [–30] mm, equaling or shorter than blade;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="blade shape;blade prominence or shape;blade length;blade width;base shape;base shape;base shape;base shape;base shape;margin shape;margin architecture or shape;apex width;apex shape;apex shape;apex shape;apex shape;tip shape">blade usually undulate, sometimes flat, 10–30 × 6–22 mm, base often oblique, obtuse, or round, margins sinuate, sometimes entire, apex narrowing to rounded tip, obtuse, or acute.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="peduncle atypical some measurement;peduncle some measurement"><b>Inflorescences:</b> peduncle 1–9 (–12) mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="involucre shape;involucre shape;involucre shape;involucre some measurement">involucres broadly ovoid to spheric when mature, 4–7.5 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="perianth coloration;perianth coloration;perianth coloration;perianth some measurement"><b>Perianth </b>pale-pink to magenta [nearly white], 2–7 mm.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="fruit shape;fruit length;fruit width"><b>Fruits </b>shallowly convex, 3.2–4.3 × 1.8–3.7 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="tooth count;tooth size;tooth shape;tooth architecture;side shape;gland count">lateral ribs with 4–8 teeth, teeth slender and attenuate, sometimes gland-tipped [rarely mostly entire with short-toothed margin], concave side of fruit with 5–7 glands per row;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="stalk variability;stalk length or size;glandular head character">stalk equaling or longer than diameter of glandular head.</span><!--
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--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> annual [probably also perennial], glabrate to viscid pubescent. <b>Stems</b> often reddish, 0.1–0.7[–2] m. <b>Leaves</b> progressively reduced distally; distal leaves proportionately narrower than proximal; larger leaves: petiole 2–18[–30] mm, equaling or shorter than blade; blade usually undulate, sometimes flat, 10–30 × 6–22 mm, base often oblique, obtuse, or round, margins sinuate, sometimes entire, apex narrowing to rounded tip, obtuse, or acute. <b>Inflorescences</b>: peduncle 1–9(–12) mm; involucres broadly ovoid to spheric when mature, 4–7.5 mm. <b>Perianth</b> pale pink to magenta [nearly white], 2–7 mm. <b>Fruits</b> shallowly convex, 3.2–4.3 × 1.8–3.7 mm; lateral ribs with 4–8 teeth, teeth slender and attenuate, sometimes gland tipped [rarely mostly entire with short-toothed margin], concave side of fruit with 5–7 glands per row; stalk equaling or longer than diameter of glandular head.</span><!--
  
 
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|phenology=Flowering late spring–early fall [year-round].
 
|habitat=Open arid areas, often on sandy or gravelly soils, sometimes on clay or gypsum
 
|habitat=Open arid areas, often on sandy or gravelly soils, sometimes on clay or gypsum
 
|elevation=[0-]800-1600[-2500] m
 
|elevation=[0-]800-1600[-2500] m
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|basionyms=Allionia incarnata var. glabra
 
|basionyms=Allionia incarnata var. glabra
 
|family=Nyctaginaceae
 
|family=Nyctaginaceae
 +
|phenology=Flowering late spring–early fall [year-round].
 
|habitat=Open arid areas, often on sandy or gravelly soils, sometimes on clay or gypsum
 
|habitat=Open arid areas, often on sandy or gravelly soils, sometimes on clay or gypsum
 
|elevation=[0-]800-1600[-2500] m
 
|elevation=[0-]800-1600[-2500] m
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|publication year=1931
 
|publication year=1931
 
|special status=
 
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/287ef3db526bd807d435a3c7423ef2df1e951227/V4/V4_117.xml
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|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_117.xml
 
|genus=Allionia
 
|genus=Allionia
 
|species=Allionia choisyi
 
|species=Allionia choisyi
|apex shape=acute;obtuse;acute;obtuse
 
|apex width=narrowing
 
|base shape=round;obtuse;round;obtuse;oblique
 
|blade length=10mm;30mm
 
|blade prominence or shape=flat
 
|blade shape=undulate
 
|blade width=6mm;22mm
 
|distal leaf width=proportionately narrower
 
|fruit length=3.2mm;4.3mm
 
|fruit shape=convex
 
|fruit width=1.8mm;3.7mm
 
|gland count=5;7
 
|glandular head character=diameter
 
|herb duration=annual
 
|herb pubescence=glabrate;viscid-pubescent
 
|involucre shape=broadly ovoid;spheric
 
|involucre some measurement=4mm;7.5mm
 
|leaf size=reduced
 
|margin architecture or shape=entire
 
|margin shape=sinuate
 
|peduncle atypical some measurement=9mm;12mm
 
|peduncle some measurement=1mm;9mm
 
|perianth coloration=pale-pink;magenta
 
|perianth some measurement=2mm;7mm
 
|petiole atypical some measurement=18mm;30mm
 
|petiole height or length or size=shorter
 
|petiole some measurement=2mm;18mm
 
|petiole variability=equaling
 
|side shape=concave
 
|stalk length or size=longer
 
|stalk variability=equaling
 
|stem atypical some measurement=0.7m;2m
 
|stem coloration=reddish
 
|stem some measurement=0.1m;0.7m
 
|tip shape=rounded
 
|tooth architecture=gland-tipped
 
|tooth count=4;8
 
|tooth shape=attenuate
 
|tooth size=slender
 
 
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Revision as of 13:56, 27 July 2019

Herbs, annual [probably also perennial], glabrate to viscid pubescent. Stems often reddish, 0.1–0.7[–2] m. Leaves progressively reduced distally; distal leaves proportionately narrower than proximal; larger leaves: petiole 2–18[–30] mm, equaling or shorter than blade; blade usually undulate, sometimes flat, 10–30 × 6–22 mm, base often oblique, obtuse, or round, margins sinuate, sometimes entire, apex narrowing to rounded tip, obtuse, or acute. Inflorescences: peduncle 1–9(–12) mm; involucres broadly ovoid to spheric when mature, 4–7.5 mm. Perianth pale pink to magenta [nearly white], 2–7 mm. Fruits shallowly convex, 3.2–4.3 × 1.8–3.7 mm; lateral ribs with 4–8 teeth, teeth slender and attenuate, sometimes gland tipped [rarely mostly entire with short-toothed margin], concave side of fruit with 5–7 glands per row; stalk equaling or longer than diameter of glandular head.


Phenology: Flowering late spring–early fall [year-round].
Habitat: Open arid areas, often on sandy or gravelly soils, sometimes on clay or gypsum
Elevation: [0-]800-1600[-2500] m

Distribution

V4 117-distribution-map.gif

Ariz., N.Mex., Tex., Utah, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America.

Discussion

The low, broad fruit of Allionia choisyi resembles a small, clinging tick, hence the Spanish name “garapatilla.” Occasionally the fruits are strongly convex, others may have four moderately slender teeth; in either case the fruits are intergradient to the few-toothed, strongly convex fruits of A. incarnata. Such plants are most commonly found in southeastern Arizona and in arid south-central Texas. Plants with fruits shaped as those in A. choisyi, with glands on the concave surface with tall stalks but with entire or nearly entire, curved, lateral ribs occur occasionally in South America. Collectors have noted that A. choisyi plants hug the ground more closely than those of A. incarnata. Throughout much of its range in North America, A. choisyi has leaves with strongly pleated-undulate blades. Very small, pale pink to white flowers are also more common in A. choisyi, especially in Mexico.

In the flora area Allionia choisyi is usually an annual. In Mexico, plants often appear to be perennial.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Allionia choisyi"
Richard W. Spellenberg +
Standley +
Allionia incarnata var. glabra +
Trailing four-o’clock +, umbrella-wort +  and garapatilla +
Ariz. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Mexico +, West Indies +, Central America +  and South America. +
[0-]800-1600[-2500] m +
Open arid areas, often on sandy or gravelly soils, sometimes on clay or gypsum +
Flowering late spring–early fall [year-round]. +
Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. +
Wedelia +  and Wedeliella +
Allionia choisyi +
Allionia +
species +