Difference between revisions of "Hemerocallis"

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 1: 324. 1753.

,

Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 151. 1754.

Common names: Daylily hémérocalle
Etymology: Greek hemeros, day, and kallos, beauty, alluding to the showy flowers, which bloom and wilt in one day
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 219. Mentioned on page 51, 53, 57.
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|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
 
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
 
|place=5, 151. 1754
 
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|distribution=temperate zones worldwide;temperate e Asia.
 
|distribution=temperate zones worldwide;temperate e Asia.
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|introduced=true
 
|discussion=<p>Species 15–30 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
 
|discussion=<p>Species 15–30 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Hemerocallis is important economically as medicinal, poisonous, edible, and/or horticultural plants, which have been in Chinese culture for thousands of years (W. Erhardt 1992). Hemerocallin, a root neurotoxin, can be both poisonous and useful medicinally as an analgesic, diuretic, arsenic-poisoning antidote, and treatment for schistosomiasis (J. A. Duke and E. S. Ayensu 1985; W. Erhardt 1992; Hu S. Y. 1968). In Asia, flowers (buds and perianths), shoots, and tuberous roots (following suitable preparation) are important foods (G. Kunkel 1984). Daylilies are among the most popular North American garden plants. Registered cultivars of Hemerocallis now exceed 38,000, including more than 13,000 named clones of H. fulva (G. Grosvenor 1999; R. M. Kitchingman 1985; R. W. Munson Jr. 1989; W. B. Zomlefer 1998).</p><!--
+
--><p><i>Hemerocallis</i> is important economically as medicinal, poisonous, edible, and/or horticultural plants, which have been in Chinese culture for thousands of years (W. Erhardt 1992). Hemerocallin, a root neurotoxin, can be both poisonous and useful medicinally as an analgesic, diuretic, arsenic-poisoning antidote, and treatment for schistosomiasis (J. A. Duke and E. S. Ayensu 1985; W. Erhardt 1992; Hu S. Y. 1968). In Asia, flowers (buds and perianths), shoots, and tuberous roots (following suitable preparation) are important foods (G. Kunkel 1984). Daylilies are among the most popular North American garden plants. Registered cultivars of <i>Hemerocallis</i> now exceed 38,000, including more than 13,000 named clones of <i>H. fulva</i> (G. Grosvenor 1999; R. M. Kitchingman 1985; R. W. Munson Jr. 1989; W. B. Zomlefer 1998).</p><!--
--><p>Hemerocallis has been included in a broadly circumscribed segregate family Hemerocallidaceae with 13–18 genera mainly from the Southern Hemisphere, especially Australia (W. B. Zomlefer 1998; H. T. Clifford et al. 1998), or placed alone in a monotypic Hemerocallidaceae (A. L. Takhtajan 1997).</p><!--
+
--><p><i>Hemerocallis</i> has been included in a broadly circumscribed segregate family Hemerocallidaceae with 13–18 genera mainly from the Southern Hemisphere, especially Australia (W. B. Zomlefer 1998; H. T. Clifford et al. 1998), or placed alone in a monotypic Hemerocallidaceae (A. L. Takhtajan 1997).</p><!--
--><p>The dwarf, yellow-flowered Hemerocallis minor P. Miller, grass-leaf daylily, has been reported as a local escape in Oregon.</p>
+
--><p>The dwarf, yellow-flowered <i>Hemerocallis</i> minor P. Miller, grass-leaf daylily, has been reported as a local escape in Oregon.</p>
 
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|publication year=1753;1754
 
|publication year=1753;1754
 
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|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V26/V26_382.xml
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|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V26/V26_382.xml
 
|genus=Hemerocallis
 
|genus=Hemerocallis
 
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Latest revision as of 21:14, 5 November 2020

Herbs, perennial, scapose, clump-forming, rhizomatous, from fibrous or fleshy contractile roots often enlarged at ends; rhizomes spreading. Leaves many, basal, sessile, 2-ranked, bases sheathing; blade long-linear, keeled, apex acuminate. Inflorescences 2, in terminal helicoid cyme, or solitary. Flowers mostly diurnal and ephemeral, slightly irregular, showy; tepals 6, connate basally into short, funnelform to campanulate tube, distinct parts imbricate, spreading, inner broader than outer; stamens 6, adnate to throat of perianth tube; filaments curved upward, distinct, unequal; anthers dorsifixed, 2-locular, linear-oblong, dehiscence introrse; ovary superior, green, 3-locular, conic, septal nectaries present; style curved upwards; stigma indistinctly 3-lobed or capitate. Fruits capsular, leathery, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds rarely produced (sterile) or many. x = 11.

Distribution

Introduced; temperate zones worldwide, temperate e Asia.

Discussion

Species 15–30 (2 in the flora).

Hemerocallis is important economically as medicinal, poisonous, edible, and/or horticultural plants, which have been in Chinese culture for thousands of years (W. Erhardt 1992). Hemerocallin, a root neurotoxin, can be both poisonous and useful medicinally as an analgesic, diuretic, arsenic-poisoning antidote, and treatment for schistosomiasis (J. A. Duke and E. S. Ayensu 1985; W. Erhardt 1992; Hu S. Y. 1968). In Asia, flowers (buds and perianths), shoots, and tuberous roots (following suitable preparation) are important foods (G. Kunkel 1984). Daylilies are among the most popular North American garden plants. Registered cultivars of Hemerocallis now exceed 38,000, including more than 13,000 named clones of H. fulva (G. Grosvenor 1999; R. M. Kitchingman 1985; R. W. Munson Jr. 1989; W. B. Zomlefer 1998).

Hemerocallis has been included in a broadly circumscribed segregate family Hemerocallidaceae with 13–18 genera mainly from the Southern Hemisphere, especially Australia (W. B. Zomlefer 1998; H. T. Clifford et al. 1998), or placed alone in a monotypic Hemerocallidaceae (A. L. Takhtajan 1997).

The dwarf, yellow-flowered Hemerocallis minor P. Miller, grass-leaf daylily, has been reported as a local escape in Oregon.

Key

1 Plants 7–15 dm; flowers not fragrant; tepals tawny orange, reticulate-veined; inner tepal margins wavy; capsules not or only rarely developing. Hemerocallis fulva
1 Plants 5–10 dm; flowers fragrant; tepals lemon yellow, parallel-veined; inner tepal margins smooth; capsules fully developing. Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus
... more about "Hemerocallis"
Gerald B. Straley† +  and Frederick H. Utech +
Linnaeus +
Daylily +  and hémérocalle +
temperate zones worldwide +  and temperate e Asia. +
Greek hemeros, day, and kallos, beauty, alluding to the showy flowers, which bloom and wilt in one day +
Sp. Pl. +  and Gen. Pl. ed. +
1753 +  and 1754 +
erhardt1992a +, hu1968a +  and stout1934a +
Hemerocallis +
Liliaceae +