Property:Wood
Sp. Pl. 1: 367. 1753.
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− | + | {{Treatment/ID | |
− | + | |accepted_name=Elatine | |
− | + | |accepted_authority=Linnaeus | |
− | + | |publications={{Treatment/Publication | |
− | == | + | |title=Sp. Pl. |
− | + | |place=1: 367. 1753 | |
− | == | + | |year=1753 |
− | + | }} | |
+ | |common_names=Waterwort;élatine | ||
+ | |basionyms= | ||
+ | |synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
+ | |name=Crypta | ||
+ | |authority=Nuttall | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | |hierarchy=Elatinaceae;Elatine | ||
+ | |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Elatinaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Elatine]]</div></div> | ||
+ | |etymology=Greek name for a plant with firlike leaves | ||
+ | |volume=Volume 12 | ||
+ | |mention_page=page 348 | ||
+ | |treatment_page=page 349 | ||
+ | }}<!-- | ||
+ | |||
+ | --><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> submersed or emergent aquatic, glabrous. <b>Stems</b> erect, ascending, decumbent, or prostrate, with longitudinal air spaces, rooting at nodes. <b>Leaves</b>: stipules membranous; petiole present or absent; blade margins entire, with hydathodes. <b>Inflorescences</b>: flowers usually solitary, sometimes 2[–3] per node. <b>Pedicels</b> present or absent. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals 2–4, connate basally, equal or 1 smaller, not carinate, apex obtuse; petals (0 or) 2–4, apex obtuse; stamens [0–]1–8; pistil 2–4-carpellate, ovary 2–4-locular, apex truncate; styles 2–4; stigmas 2–4. <b>Capsules</b> membranous. <b>Seeds</b> 2–33[–44] per locule, brown to yellowish brown, straight or curved (nearly circular in <i>E. californica</i>), surface with hexagonal, rectangular, elliptic, or ± round pits (pits oriented with longer dimension at right angles to length of seed). <b>x</b> = 9.</span><!-- | ||
+ | |||
+ | -->{{Treatment/Body | ||
+ | |distribution=North America;Mexico;South America;Europe;Asia;Africa;Pacific Islands;Australia. | ||
+ | |discussion=<p>Species ca. 25 (10 in the flora).</p> | ||
+ | |tables= | ||
+ | |references={{Treatment/Reference | ||
+ | |id=duncan1964a | ||
+ | |text=Duncan, W. H. 1964. New Elatine populations in the southeastern United States. Rhodora 66: 47–53. | ||
+ | }}{{Treatment/Reference | ||
+ | |id=fassett1939a | ||
+ | |text=Fassett, N. C. 1939. Notes from the herbarium of the University of Wisconsin. No. 17. Elatine and other aquatics. Rhodora 41: 367–377. | ||
+ | }}{{Treatment/Reference | ||
+ | |id=fernald1917a | ||
+ | |text=Fernald, M. L. 1917. The genus Elatine in eastern North America. Rhodora 19: 10–15. | ||
+ | }}{{Treatment/Reference | ||
+ | |id=fernald1941a | ||
+ | |text=Fernald, M. L. 1941b. Elatine americana and E. triandra. Rhodora 43: 208–211. | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | }}<!-- | ||
+ | |||
+ | --><div class="treatment-key"> | ||
+ | ==Key== | ||
+ | <div class="treatment-key-group"> | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-1 | ||
+ | |1 | ||
+ | |Petals 2; capsules 2-locular. | ||
+ | |[[Elatine minima|Elatine minima]] | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-1 | ||
+ | |1 | ||
+ | |Petals usually 3–4, sometimes 0; capsules 3–4-locular. | ||
+ | |[[#key-0-2| > 2]] | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-2 | ||
+ | |2 | ||
+ | |Sepals 4; petals 4; capsules 4-locular. | ||
+ | |[[#key-0-3| > 3]] | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-3 | ||
+ | |3 | ||
+ | |Seeds curved 90–180°; pedicels 1.5–2.5(–3.5) mm, recurved in fruit; w United States. | ||
+ | |[[Elatine californica|Elatine californica]] | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-3 | ||
+ | |3 | ||
+ | |Seeds straight or curved to 15º; pedicels 0.1–23 mm, erect; Quebec. | ||
+ | |[[Elatine ojibwayensis|Elatine ojibwayensis]] | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-2 | ||
+ | |2 | ||
+ | |Sepals 2–3 (rarely 4 in E. triandra); petals 3 (sometimes 0 in E. ambigua); capsules 3-locular. | ||
+ | |[[#key-0-4| > 4]] | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-4 | ||
+ | |4 | ||
+ | |Pedicels recurved in fruit, 0.5–2.5 mm. | ||
+ | |[[Elatine ambigua|Elatine ambigua]] | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-4 | ||
+ | |4 | ||
+ | |Pedicels erect, 0–0.5 mm. | ||
+ | |[[#key-0-5| > 5]] | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-5 | ||
+ | |5 | ||
+ | |Stamens 1–6, number variable within plant. | ||
+ | |[[Elatine heterandra|Elatine heterandra]] | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-5 | ||
+ | |5 | ||
+ | |Stamens 3. | ||
+ | |[[#key-0-6| > 6]] | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-6 | ||
+ | |6 | ||
+ | |Seed pits ± round, (9–)14–17 per row. | ||
+ | |[[Elatine brachysperma|Elatine brachysperma]] | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-6 | ||
+ | |6 | ||
+ | |Seed pits angular-hexagonal, (13–)16–35 per row. | ||
+ | |[[#key-0-7| > 7]] | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-7 | ||
+ | |7 | ||
+ | |Seeds ellipsoid, pit length 3–5 times width; stipule margins entire. | ||
+ | |[[Elatine chilensis|Elatine chilensis]] | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-7 | ||
+ | |7 | ||
+ | |Seeds oblong or slenderly cylindric, pit length 1–3 times width; stipule margins dentate. | ||
+ | |[[#key-0-8| > 8]] | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-8 | ||
+ | |8 | ||
+ | |Leaves reddish green; seed pit length 1–2 times width. | ||
+ | |[[Elatine rubella|Elatine rubella]] | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-8 | ||
+ | |8 | ||
+ | |Leaves light green to green; seed pit length 2–3 times width. | ||
+ | |[[#key-0-9| > 9]] | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-9 | ||
+ | |9 | ||
+ | |Leaf blades linear, lanceolate or narrowly oblong, apices acute or obtuse. | ||
+ | |[[Elatine triandra|Elatine triandra]] | ||
+ | |-id=key-0-9 | ||
+ | |9 | ||
+ | |Leaf blades obovate or broadly spatulate, apices rounded to shallowly emarginate. | ||
+ | |[[Elatine americana|Elatine americana]] | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | </div></div><!-- | ||
+ | |||
+ | -->{{#Taxon: | ||
+ | name=Elatine | ||
+ | |author=Hamid Razifard; Gordon C. Tucker; Donald H. Les | ||
+ | |authority=Linnaeus | ||
+ | |rank=genus | ||
+ | |parent rank=family | ||
+ | |synonyms=Crypta | ||
+ | |basionyms= | ||
+ | |family=Elatinaceae | ||
+ | |distribution=North America;Mexico;South America;Europe;Asia;Africa;Pacific Islands;Australia. | ||
+ | |reference=duncan1964a;fassett1939a;fernald1917a;fernald1941a | ||
+ | |publication title=Sp. Pl. | ||
+ | |publication year=1753 | ||
+ | |special status= | ||
+ | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V12/V12_1045.xml | ||
+ | |genus=Elatine | ||
+ | }}<!-- | ||
+ | |||
+ | -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Elatinaceae]] |
Revision as of 18:15, 24 September 2019
Herbs, submersed or emergent aquatic, glabrous. Stems erect, ascending, decumbent, or prostrate, with longitudinal air spaces, rooting at nodes. Leaves: stipules membranous; petiole present or absent; blade margins entire, with hydathodes. Inflorescences: flowers usually solitary, sometimes 2[–3] per node. Pedicels present or absent. Flowers: sepals 2–4, connate basally, equal or 1 smaller, not carinate, apex obtuse; petals (0 or) 2–4, apex obtuse; stamens [0–]1–8; pistil 2–4-carpellate, ovary 2–4-locular, apex truncate; styles 2–4; stigmas 2–4. Capsules membranous. Seeds 2–33[–44] per locule, brown to yellowish brown, straight or curved (nearly circular in E. californica), surface with hexagonal, rectangular, elliptic, or ± round pits (pits oriented with longer dimension at right angles to length of seed). x = 9.
Distribution
North America, Mexico, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Pacific Islands, Australia.
Discussion
Species ca. 25 (10 in the flora).
Selected References
Lower Taxa
Key
1 | Petals 2; capsules 2-locular. | Elatine minima |
1 | Petals usually 3–4, sometimes 0; capsules 3–4-locular. | > 2 |
2 | Sepals 4; petals 4; capsules 4-locular. | > 3 |
3 | Seeds curved 90–180°; pedicels 1.5–2.5(–3.5) mm, recurved in fruit; w United States. | Elatine californica |
3 | Seeds straight or curved to 15º; pedicels 0.1–23 mm, erect; Quebec. | Elatine ojibwayensis |
2 | Sepals 2–3 (rarely 4 in E. triandra); petals 3 (sometimes 0 in E. ambigua); capsules 3-locular. | > 4 |
4 | Pedicels recurved in fruit, 0.5–2.5 mm. | Elatine ambigua |
4 | Pedicels erect, 0–0.5 mm. | > 5 |
5 | Stamens 1–6, number variable within plant. | Elatine heterandra |
5 | Stamens 3. | > 6 |
6 | Seed pits ± round, (9–)14–17 per row. | Elatine brachysperma |
6 | Seed pits angular-hexagonal, (13–)16–35 per row. | > 7 |
7 | Seeds ellipsoid, pit length 3–5 times width; stipule margins entire. | Elatine chilensis |
7 | Seeds oblong or slenderly cylindric, pit length 1–3 times width; stipule margins dentate. | > 8 |
8 | Leaves reddish green; seed pit length 1–2 times width. | Elatine rubella |
8 | Leaves light green to green; seed pit length 2–3 times width. | > 9 |
9 | Leaf blades linear, lanceolate or narrowly oblong, apices acute or obtuse. | Elatine triandra |
9 | Leaf blades obovate or broadly spatulate, apices rounded to shallowly emarginate. | Elatine americana |