Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants medium-sized, green, dull. Leaves erect to ± spreading, 0.8–1.3 mm; distal medial
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Treatment on page 398. Mentioned on page 13, 384, 385, 394, 403, 653. Plants medium-sized, pale or whitish green to yellow-green. Stems sparsely and irregularly
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Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants medium-sized to large, green, pale green, or sometimes brownish. Stems irregularly
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Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants medium-sized, somewhat glossy. Stems short or rarely elongate, curved, rarely straight
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in Heuchera end in multicellular glands. Surfaces are described as short, medium, or long stipitate-glandular. Rosendahl, C. O., F. K. Butters, and O. Lakela
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perianth bristles 6, medium brown to reddish, equaling achene, sparsely spinulose; anthers 3–3.5 mm; styles 3-fid. Achenes medium brown, ovoid to obovoid
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Plants medium-sized to large; leaves 1.5-2 mm; alar cells in several rows; usually on rock. Sematophyllum marylandicum 2 Plants small to medium-sized;
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knobby; glands shallowly to moderately depressed; anthers yellow to pale or medium purple. Phenology: Flowering late spring–mid summer. Habitat: Dry, rocky
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pentagonal, shallowly lobed. Inflorescences glabrous or sparsely short to medium stipitate-glandular. Flowers: hypanthium obconic, 1.4–4.5 × 1–3.7 mm, short
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10–30 × 6–10 mm, base usually truncate; scales usually tightly imbricate, medium to dark orange-brown, lineolate-spotted at 15X, usually 6–9 × 3–4 mm, papery
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FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 288. Mentioned on page 286, 291. Plants medium-sized and gracile to fairly large, olivaceous to green in the distal part
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North America Association Shrubs or small trees, to 6-9 m. Bark light or medium gray, divided into rough plates. Twigs with distal edge of leaf scar notched
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Copyright: Flora of North America Association Trees, to 40(-50) m. Bark medium to dark gray or brownish, deeply split into narrow rough ridges. Twigs with
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entirely, glabrous; ovary similar in color to foliage. Capsules pale to medium brown, ± globose, 2.1–3.4 mm; pedicel erect. Seeds globose, lacking obvious
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5-8(10) cm; fascicles 8.3-11.9 mm long, 3.5-6 mm wide, somewhat globose, medium- to short-pubescent; bristles 45-75; outer bristles numerous, shorter and
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North America Association Culms 6.8–40 cm. Leaves: basal sheaths pale to medium brown; blades dull green to yellowish green, exceeding culms, 1.5–5.9 mm
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Treatment on page 449. Mentioned on page 405, 407, 408, 435, 447, 653. Plants medium-sized, in loose tufts, light green to whitish or brownish. Stems creeping
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curving, averaging 11 spikelets per cm. Spikelets strongly imbricate, light to medium brown, with 2(3) sterile florets. Lower glumes 1.6-2.4 mm; upper glumes
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Flora of North America Association Shrubs or small trees, to 10 m. Bark medium gray, split into ± rough ridges. Twigs with distal edge of leaf scar notched
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Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants medium-sized, yellowish to dark green, not strongly glossy. Stems with stipe short
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Copyright: Flora of North America Association Trees, 6-23 m. Bark light or medium gray, split into smooth or ± scaly plates. Twigs with distal edge of leaf
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John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Roots yellow to medium brown or black, thin, fibrous. Stems erect, 30-100(-120) dm, glabrous, often
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Treatment on page 348. Mentioned on page 341, 356, 648, 652. Plants small to medium-sized, in thin mats, yellow-green, gold-green, or green. Stems irregularly
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cells fibrillose, smooth or papillose, convex surface with ± 5 small to medium-sized free pores, sometimes numerous pseudopores, concave surface with large
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Copyright: Flora of North America Association Trees, 5-18 m. Bark light to medium gray or brownish, divided into narrow checkered plates. Twigs with distal
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Treatment on page 128. Mentioned on page 125, 126, 129. Plants small to medium, rather wiry, dark green to reddish brown with age. Stems 1–3(–6) cm, simple
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tubercle, very slender and densely spinulose; anthers 1–1.5 mm. Achenes medium brown, equilaterally trigonous to compressed trigonous or some biconvex
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Distal laminal KOH color reaction strongly yellow orange, occasionally medium orange. se United States, Caribbean region and bordering areas. Species
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Volume 27. Treatment on page 130. Mentioned on page 125, 131, 132. Plants medium and slender to large and robust, green to dark olive green to blackish,
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Capsules ellipsoid to oblong, 6–14 mm, glabrous or finely puberulent. Seeds medium to dark brown or red-brown, 2–3 mm, elaiosome completely covering funiculus
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empty; floral scales often spreading in fruit, 15–80, 5 per mm of rachilla, medium brown, midrib regions stramineous or greenish, ovate, 2.5–4 × 1.5–2 mm,
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of costa (P. longifolium); leaf cells pitted proximally, smooth, walls of medium thickness, median cells quadrate to rectangular, elongate proximally, alar
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distal part of spikelet. Flowers: perianth bristles 5–6(–7), stramineous to medium brown, stout, often unequal, much shorter than to equaling achene, rarely
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Heller Lepidium intermedium var. pubescens Greene Lepidium medium Howell Lepidium medium var. pubescens (Greene) B. L. Robinson Lepidium occidentale A
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Herbs subcaulescent; caudex branched. Flowering stems 10–40 cm, sparsely medium stipitate-glandular. Leaves: petiole long stipitate-glandular; blade reniform
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Minerotrophic, common at the mineral soil margins of bogs and poor fens, medium open and forested fens Elevation: low to high elevations Generated Map Legacy
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Illustrator: Cindy Roché, Linda A. Vorobik Copyright: Utah State University Culms medium to robust, ascending to erect, rarely delicate or spreading, usually green
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yellow, broadly campanulate, 4–5.5 mm, short stipitate-glandular proximally, medium stipitate-glandular distally; sepals erect, green-tipped, equal, 1.2–2 mm
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greenish, broadly turbinate or campanulate, 3–4.5 mm, short or sparsely medium stipitate-glandular; sepals 6, incurved at apex, red-tipped, equal, 1–1
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spreading, green- or red-tipped, equal, 0.7–2 mm, apex rounded or truncate, (medium to long stipitate-glandular); petals spreading, white, oblong-lanceolate
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Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants medium-sized, not turgid, with golden gloss when dry. Stems slightly or irregularly
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spreading to ascending, linear, lanceolate, or lanceolate-acuminate, short to medium length, arising at or near mid length, apex obtuse to acute, central lobes
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apiculate; lobes erect, linear to lanceolate, oblong, or oblanceolate, short or medium length, arising near or above mid length, central lobe apex obtuse, rounded
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Volume 27. Treatment on page 282. Mentioned on page 269, 281, 285. Plants medium-sized to moderately robust, rigid, in dense or loose tufts or patches, reddish
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as) stigmas, very dark to medium brown, rounded (to acute), in mature spikes about equaling pistil hairs; pistil-hair tips medium brown, distinctly enlarged
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Ignatov Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 425. Plants medium-sized to moderately large. Leaves falcate-secund, 1.5–2.3 mm; laminal cells
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retrorse, sharply acute; stamens 3; anthers 0.5–0.9 mm; styles 3-fid. Achenes medium brown or yellowish or greenish, obpyriform, obtusely (often obscurely) compressed
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lanceolate to ovate, 5–9-lobed; lobes ascending, linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, medium length, arising near mid length, apex acute to acuminate. Calyces green
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1–)1.5–2.6(–3.1) mm. Inflorescences dense or loosely aggregated, gold to medium brown or occasionally dark brown, 1.1–2.4 cm × 6.3–14 mm; proximal internode
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Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants medium-sized, in dense tufts, green when young, very rapidly becoming yellow-green
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3–5(–11)-lobed; lobes spreading to ascending, linear to oblong or narrowly lanceolate, medium length or long, arising at or above mid length, central lobe apex obtuse
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clokeyi); lobes ascending or spreading, linear, lanceolate, or oblanceolate, medium length or long, arising at or near mid length, central lobe apex obtuse
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Association Herbs, annual or short-lived perennial, cespitose, yellowish green to medium or dark olive green when dry, to 3.6 dm, not glaucous. Stems branched or
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glandular-serrate; stamens 18–20, anthers white to pale pink, sometimes medium pink or puce; styles 4 or 5 (arising from small tuft of hairs). Pomes brilliant
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Volume 28. Treatment on page 89. Mentioned on page 84, 85, 90, 642. Plants medium-sized, red-brown or sometimes pale yellow-green to yellow-brown, sometimes
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cleistogamous flowers axillary. Capsules ovoid, 3.5–7 mm, puberulent. Seeds medium to dark brown, 2–3.5 mm. 2n = 12. Generated Map Legacy Map Calif. Flowers
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with 12–20 horizontal ridges in each vertical series, yellow, orange, or medium brown, rarely greenish; floral scales shallowly to deeply notched or deeply
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Pedicels usually 1–6(–17) mm. > 13 13 Petals pale yellow or straw yellow to medium yellow or almost white (rarely bright yellow) and often red-lineolate, 1
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Sexual condition dioicous. Capsule not seen. Spores unknown. Habitat: Poor to medium fens and mineral edges of ombrotrophic mires Elevation: low to moderate
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Leaves spiral, all well developed; stipules auriculate, pink or red to medium brown, with hyaline margins; blade narrowly oblong to obovate, 5–10 × 1
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than 0.6 spore radius. Habitat: Predominantly in wet carpets in poor to medium fen habitats, mostly in mire-wide vegetation Elevation: low to moderate
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Volume 28. Treatment on page 300. Mentioned on page 297, 298, 395. Plants medium-sized, rarely large, slightly turgid, rarely with golden gloss when dry
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on both surfaces. Habitat: Wet carpets, lawns, and mud bottoms in poor to medium fens, in mire-wide and mire-edge habitats Elevation: low to high elevations
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Volume 27. Treatment on page 194. Mentioned on page 189. Plants small to medium-sized, gregarious or caespitose. Stems 2–6(–10) mm, erect, simple except
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superficial surface. Habitat: Forming carpets in a wide variety of poor to medium fen habitats of both mire edge and mire wide character, not found in ombrotrophic
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leafy, 6–28(–38) cm, short stipitate-glandular. Leaves: petiole short to medium stipitate-glandular; blade reniform or broadly ovate, shallowly 5–7-lobed
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appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 299. Mentioned on page 298. Plants medium-sized, sometimes turgid, often with golden gloss when dry. Stems slightly
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Treatment on page 300. Mentioned on page 298, 389. Plants large, rarely medium-sized, turgid, with golden gloss when dry. Stems slightly and irregularly
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spiral. 2n = 26. Phenology: Flowering and fruiting summer–fall. Habitat: Medium- to low-alkaline waters of lakes and slow-flowing streams Elevation: 50–2000
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Plants small to medium, 1-3 cm; leaves narrowly lanceolate to lingulate; lamellae 4-6 cells high or higher Atrichum altecristatum 6 Plants medium to robust,
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staminate scales (2–)2.5–3.7 mm, apex obtuse to acute; pistillate scales medium to dark brown, apex obtuse to acute or very shortly mucronate. Carex garberi
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comprises annual and perennial herbs, with some shrubs and a few small to medium-sized trees. Most species occur in open habitats, ranging from dry to wet
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alpine genus, Arctoa occurs on rock or soil and is distinguished by its medium-sized, Dicranum-like habit, with poorly differentiated stereid and guide
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wahlenbergii 31 Plants medium-sized to large; leaves wide-spreading; perigonial leaves to 6 mm. Pohlia longibracteata 31 Plants small to rarely medium-sized; leaves
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appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 288. Mentioned on page 289. Plants medium-sized, golden brown or golden yellow. Stems erect or creeping, ± irregularly
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 425. Plants small to medium-sized. Leaves straight, 1.2–1.5(–1.7) mm; laminal cells elongate, 30–60
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appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 288. Mentioned on page 289. Plants medium-sized, golden brown. Stems erect or creeping, unbranched or irregularly
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Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Leaves 2×-ternately compound. Flowers: sepals medium or deep blue, 28-43 mm; petals: spurs 34-48 mm, blades (17-)20-24 mm; stamens
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Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants medium-sized or rarely large. Stem leaves erect-spreading to subimbricate, ovate
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appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 130. Mentioned on page 131. Plants medium to large and robust. Stems 5–10(–20) cm. Leaves 6–12 mm, subsquarrose and
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appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 538. Mentioned on page 537. Plants medium-sized, yellowish green to brown. Stems 5 cm, creeping to erect, julaceous
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Schofield† Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 547. Plants medium-sized. Stems 3–5 cm, regularly to irregularly pinnate, branches 0.3–0.7
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Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants medium-sized to rather large, coarse and rigid, loosely or densely caespitose,
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0(–3)-lobed; lobes spreading to erect, linear to oblong or triangular, short or medium length, arising near or above mid length, apex acute to obtuse. Calyces
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moderately dense, retrorse or curved to spreading, straight, curly, or ± wavy, medium length to long, soft to stiff, eglandular. Leaves green to purple, linear
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Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants medium to robust, dark green to brownish with age, in loose or rather dense, tall
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dense to apparently absent; anthers 1.5–2.7(–3.5) mm. Achenes stramineous to medium brown or gray-brown, equilaterally trigonous to compressed-trigonous, rarely
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holotypes of vars. medium, pubescens, and robinsonii, has incumbent cotyledons and flattened fruiting pedicels. The type of var. medium has completely glabrous
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anthers yellow to reddish, 1.6–3.2 mm; styles 3-fid. Achenes stramineous or medium brown, biconvex or compressed trigonous, narrowly obpyriform, 1.9–2.6 ×
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intense green (versus light to pale green to stramineous), small to medium-sized (versus medium-sized to large), leaves not plicate (versus plicate), laminal
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Schoenoplectus californicus 3 Perianth members (4–)6(–8), bristlelike, spinulose, medium brown; spikelet scales densely scabrous to nearly smooth; leaf blades on
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familyLinaceae genusLinum sectionLinum sect. Linopsis speciesLinum medium varietyLinum medium var. medium Nancy R. Morin Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12
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Perennials (sometimes flowering first year) > 2 1 Annuals > 3 2 Corollas medium yellow; persistent pappi 0 Malacothrix incana 2 Corollas white (usually
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California, Oregon. Brachythecium bolanderi 11 Plants and leaves usually medium-sized to large, if smaller then basal or alar cells distinctly differentiated;
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capsules mature early to late summer. Habitat: Forming carpets in poor to medium fens, mostly sedge-fens and mire edge habitat Elevation: low to moderate
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Spores 24–29 µm; surface finely papillose to nearly smooth. Habitat: Poor to medium fens, common in wooded fens and pond margins Elevation: low to moderate
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rhizome, round in cross section, 2–5 dm, glabrous. Bracts sessile; blade medium green without red or maroon undertones, rhombic, 7–25 × 7–25 cm, frequently
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Volume 28. Treatment on page 632. Mentioned on page 630, 631, 633. Plants medium-sized, in loose mats, dark to light green. Stems to 2.5(–6) cm, (0.6–)1–1
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with pines, soil on limestone outcroppings, mesic woods, sandy flats along medium streams, steep wooded slopes, banks of rivers Elevation: 50–200 m Generated
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base. Flowers: perianth bristles mostly tightly attached to shed achene, medium brown, much shorter than to equaling achene; anthers yellow, 3 mm; styles
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