Tsuga canadensis

(Linnaeus) Carrière

189. 1855.

Common names: Eastern hemlock pruche du Canada
IllustratedEndemic
Basionym: Pinus canadensis Linnaeus Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 2: 1471. 1763
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2.

Trees to 30m; trunk to 1.5m diam.; crown broadly conic. Bark brownish, scaly and fissured. Twigs yellow-brown, densely pubescent. Buds ovoid, 1.5–2.5mm. Leaves (5–)15–20(–25)mm, mostly appearing 2-ranked, flattened; abaxial surface glaucous, with 2 broad, conspicuous stomatal bands, adaxial surface shiny green (yellow-green); margins minutely dentate, especially toward apex. Seed cones ovoid, 1.5–2.5 × 1–1.5cm; scales ovate to cuneate, 8–12 × 7–10mm, apex ± round, often projected outward. 2n =24.


Habitat: Moist rocky ridges, ravines, and hillsides
Elevation: 600–1800m

Distribution

V2 72-distribution-map.gif

N.B., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Ala., Conn., Del., Ga., Ind., Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

Numerous cultivars of Tsuga canadensis have been developed, including compact shrubs, dwarfs, and graceful trees. Wood of the species tends to be brittle and inferior to that of the other North American hemlocks.

Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) is the state tree of Pennsylvania.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Tsuga canadensis"
Ronald J. Taylor +
(Linnaeus) Carrière +
Pinus canadensis +
Eastern hemlock +  and pruche du Canada +
N.B. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Ala. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Ga. +, Ind. +, Ky. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
600–1800m +
Moist rocky ridges, ravines, and hillsides +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
Tsuga canadensis +
species +