Viola purpurea var. venosa

(S. Watson) Brainerd

Bull. Vermont Agric. Exp. Sta. 224: 111. 1921.

Common names: Purple-marked yellow violet violette veinée
EndemicIllustrated
Basionym: Viola nuttallii var. venosa S. Watson Botany (Fortieth Parallel), 35. 1871
Synonyms: V. atriplicifolia Greene V. aurea var. venosa (S. Watson) S. Watson V. purpurea subsp. atriplicifolia (Greene) M. S. Baker & J. C. Clausen V. purpurea subsp. venosa (S. Watson) M. S. Baker & J. C. Clausen
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 153. Mentioned on page 150, 162.

Plants 3–8.5(–12) cm. Stems decumbent or erect, mostly buried, not much elongated by end of season, ± glabrous or puberulent. Leaves: basal: 1–5; petiole 5–10.3 cm, puberulent; blade purple-tinted abaxially, green adaxially, often shiny, ± orbiculate to ovate, 0.8–3.3 × 0.5–3.6 cm, ± fleshy, base truncate or ± cordate, oblique or not, margins usually irregularly dentate or crenate with 2–4 rounded teeth per side, sometimes coarse-serrate, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surface puberulent, adaxial surface glabrous, glabrate, or sparsely puberulent; cauline: petiole 0.8–6 cm, puberulent; blade ovate, ± oblong or lanceolate, 0.9–2.7 × 0.6–2.9 cm, length 0.9–2.3 times width, margins usually coarsely crenate or dentate, sometimes ± serrate or ± entire, abaxial surface puberulent, adaxial surface glabrous (except along veins) to sparsely puberulent. Peduncles 2.9–7 cm, glabrous or puberulent. Lowest petal 6–14 mm. Capsules 4–5.5 mm. Seeds medium brown, 2–2.6 mm.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Sep.
Habitat: Pine forests, deserts, gravelly plains, edges of wet meadows, grassy or rocky slopes, shaded or exposed areas, ridges, dry to moist soil, near snowdrifts
Elevation: 1300–3400 m

Distribution

V6 271-distribution-map.jpg

B.C., Ariz., Calif., Colo., Idaho, Mont., Nev., Oreg., Utah, Wash., Wyo.

Discussion

Variety venosa is the most wide-ranging member of the Viola purpurea complex. It has been reported to hybridize with V. utahensis in Idaho, Nevada, and Utah (G. Davidse 1976).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
R. John Little +  and Landon E. McKinney† +
(S. Watson) Brainerd +
Viola nuttallii var. venosa +
Purple-marked yellow violet +  and violette veinée +
B.C. +, Ariz. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Idaho +, Mont. +, Nev. +, Oreg. +, Utah +, Wash. +  and Wyo. +
1300–3400 m +
Pine forests, deserts, gravelly plains, edges of wet meadows, grassy or rocky slopes, shaded or exposed areas, ridges, dry to moist soil, near snowdrifts +
Flowering Apr–Sep. +
Bull. Vermont Agric. Exp. Sta. +
Endemic +  and Illustrated +
V. atriplicifolia +, V. aurea var. venosa +, V. purpurea subsp. atriplicifolia +  and V. purpurea subsp. venosa +
Viola purpurea var. venosa +
Viola purpurea +
variety +