View source for Ancistrocactus

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Ancistrocactus
|accepted_authority=(K. Schumann) Britton & Rose
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Cact.
|place=4: 3. 1923
|year=1923
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Echinocactus subg. Ancistrocactus
|authority=K. Schumann
|rank=subgenus
|publication_title=Gesamtbeschr. Kakt.,
|publication_place=292, 334. 1898
}}
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Cactaceae;Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae;Ancistrocactus
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cactaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Ancistrocactus]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek ankistron, fish hook, referring to hooked centr al spines, and Cactus, an old genus name
|volume=Volume 4
|mention_page=page 97, 98, 197, 198, 20
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>erect, unbranched (few branched from near base), sometimes deep-seated in substrate with only broad top visible. <b>Roots</b> diffuse, short, succulent taproots, or tuberlike. <b>Stems</b> unsegmented, dark green or dark gray-green to pale blue-green, spheric to cylindric, sometimes stipitate, 2–9(–15) × 2–8(–10) cm; ribs 8 or 13 (0 in young, tuberculate plants), indistinct (in <i>A. brevihamatus</i>) or distinct (in <i>A. scheeri</i>), crests deeply notched adaxial to each areole, making ribs prominently tuberculate; tubercles slightly coalesced into ribs with advancing age of plant, ± conic, protruding 1 cm or less on young plants and of ribs on adults; areoles ca. 12–18 mm apart along ribs, nearly circular at sexual maturity, newer areoles more elongate, on oldest parts of stem adaxially forming narrow grooves extending to axils, felted; areolar glands often conspicuous within grooves, hemispheric; cortex and pith conspicuously mucilaginous. <b>Spines</b> 10–26 per areole, sparse to densely obscuring stems, grayish, whitish, or yellowish, reddish or blackish in proximal and distal portions, acicular or somewhat flattened, to almost papery, minutely canescent; longest spines 9–25(–45) × 0.4–0.8 mm; radial spines 7–22 per areole, straight, longest spines 5–18(–29) × 0.1–0.5 mm; central spines (3–)4(–5) per areole (solitary abaxial central spine plus straight, flat adaxial central spines), principal central spine porrect, hooked (absent on immature plants and youngest adults of some <i>A. brevihamatus</i> populations). <b>Flowers</b> diurnal, near stem apex at adaxial edges of areoles on young adults, at axillary ends of short areolar grooves in older plants, funnelform, often narrowly so, expansion often restricted by adjacent spines, 2.5–4 × 1.5–4 cm; outer tepals entire to denticulate; inner tepals seldom showy: white, brown, pink, yellow, or green (brightest green in some <i>A. scheeri</i>), 2.5–17(–24) × 0.6–5(–7) mm, margins entire; ovary sparsely scaly, spineless, hairless; scales minutely fringed; stigma lobes 4–10, white, green, yellowish, or rose-pink, 1.5–2.5 mm. <b>Fruits</b> indehiscent, green, sometimes suffused pink or brownish purple, drying to yellowish, tan with dull pink tinge, or white, ovoid to cylindric, (9–)15–25(–31) × (3–)6–9 mm, weakly succulent (sometimes drying to a papery shell), scaly, spineless, hairless; floral remnant persistent. <b>Seeds</b> black or very dark reddish brown, spheric to helmet-shaped or reniform, 1.5–2 mm, glossy, papillate or minutely so; testa cells flat to weakly convex. <b>x</b> = 11.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Arid regions;sw United States;Mexico.
|discussion=<p>Species 2 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p><i>Ancistrocactus</i> is sympatric with three other hook-spined species: <i>Glandulicactus uncinatus</i>, <i>Ferocactus hamatacanthus</i>, and <i>Hamatocactus bicolor</i>. <i>Ancistrocactus</i> has only straight radial spines (<i>Glandulicactus</i> has strongly hooked abaxial radial spines), broadly rounded tubercles of ribs (those of <i>Hamatocactus bicolor</i> and <i>Ferocactus hamatacanthus </i>var.<i> sinuatus</i> are laterally compressed), and plants of reproductive age are much smaller than plants of <i>Ferocactus hamatacanthus </i>var.<i> hamatacanthus</i>.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Roots short, conic taproots or diffuse, without constriction between stem and root; radial spines 7-14
|[[Ancistrocactus brevihamatus|Ancistrocactus brevihamatus]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Roots fleshy, tuberlike taproots with bulbous swellings and/or bulbous secondary roots, always separated from stem by fragile constriction; radial spines 13-28
|[[Ancistrocactus scheeri|Ancistrocactus scheeri]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Ancistrocactus
|author=Allan D. Zimmerman;Bruce D. Parfitt
|authority=(K. Schumann) Britton & Rose
|rank=genus
|parent rank=subfamily
|synonyms=
|basionyms=Echinocactus subg. Ancistrocactus
|family=Cactaceae
|distribution=Arid regions;sw United States;Mexico.
|reference=None
|publication title=Cact.
|publication year=1923
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V4/V4_390.xml
|subfamily=Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae
|genus=Ancistrocactus
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Cactaceae subfam. Cactoideae]]