View source for Caryophyllaceae subfam. Paronychioideae

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Caryophyllaceae subfam. Paronychioideae
|accepted_authority=Meisner
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Pl. Vasc. Gen.
|place=1: 132
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|place=2: 96. 1838
|year=1838
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Caryophyllaceae;Stipulicida;Caryophyllaceae subfam. Paronychioideae
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Caryophyllaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Stipulicida]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Caryophyllaceae subfam. Paronychioideae]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 5
|mention_page=page 4, 5
|treatment_page=page 29
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs </b>[small shrubs], annual, biennial, or perennial; taprooted, not rhizomatous. <b>Stems</b> prostrate to ascending or erect, simple or branched. <b>Leaves</b> opposite, distalmost or all sometimes alternate, bases connate or not, sometimes petiolate, stipulate; stipules ovate or deltate to lanceolate or spatulate, scarious; blade needlelike or often spatulate to elliptic or suborbiculate, seldom succulent. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal or axillary cymes or flowers solitary; bracts foliaceous or usually scarious; involucel bracteoles absent. <b>Pedicels</b> present or flowers sessile. <b>Flowers</b> bisexual or sometimes unisexual (the plant then dioecious or polygamodioecious); perianth and androecium perigynous; hypanthium usually cup-shaped or cylindric or conic to urceolate; sepals (3–)5, distinct or rarely connate proximally, apex often hooded or awned (awn often subapical); petals absent; stamens absent or 1–5, in 1 whorl arising from hypanthium rim; staminodes absent or 5 (16–19 in <i>Achyronychia</i>); ovary 1-locular; styles 1–3, distinct or sometimes connate proximally; stigmas 2 or 3. <b>Fruits</b> utricles, indehiscent or sometimes opening by 3 or 8–10 valves; carpophore absent. <b>Seeds</b> 1, white to tan or brown to black, ovoid to reniform, not or slightly laterally compressed; embryo peripheral or central, curved or straight. <b>x</b> = 7, 8, 9.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=s North America;South America (Andean region);Europe (Mediterranean region);Asia (Mediterranean region;e to India);Africa (Mediterranean region).
|discussion=<p>Genera 17, species ca. 200 (6 genera, 32 species in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Paronychioideae is characterized by the presence of stipules, petaloid staminodes, and usually indehiscent utricles. It is of similar size to Polycarpoideae; about two-thirds of the species are found in <i>Paronychia</i> and <i>Herniaria</i>. Paronychioideae is sometimes segregated from <i>Caryophyllaceae</i> as Illecebraceae, due to emphasis on the utricle; molecular data does not support recognition of Illecebraceae (M. Nepokroeff et al. 2002; R. D. Smissen et al. 2002). While there are some features shared with Polycarpoideae (stipules, solanad type of embryogeny), floral reduction is more pronounced in this group.</p><!--
--><p>Tentatively, Corrigioleae (Telephium and <i>Corrigiola</i>) is included here. M. G. Gilbert (1987) proposed transferring this tribe to Molluginaceae, noting that the morphological anomalies within <i>Caryophyllaceae</i>, including alternate leaves, exhibited in these plants were reduced under such an alignment. M. Nepokroeff et al. (2002) retained the tribe within <i>Caryophyllaceae</i>, placed as a sister group to the rest of the family.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=chaudhri1968a
|text=Chaudhri, M. N. 1968. A revision of the Paronychiinae. Meded. Bot. Mus. Utrecht 285: 1–440.
}}
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Caryophyllaceae subfam. Paronychioideae
|author=Richard K. Rabeler;Ronald L. Hartman
|authority=Meisner
|rank=subfamily
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Caryophyllaceae
|distribution=s North America;South America (Andean region);Europe (Mediterranean region);Asia (Mediterranean region;e to India);Africa (Mediterranean region).
|reference=chaudhri1968a
|publication title=Pl. Vasc. Gen.;
|publication year=;1838
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V5/V5_51.xml
|genus=Stipulicida
|subfamily=Caryophyllaceae subfam. Paronychioideae
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Stipulicida]]