View source for Climacium

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Climacium
|accepted_authority=F. Weber & D. Mohr in F. Weber
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=in F. Weber, Naturh. Reise Schweden,
|place=96. 1804
|year=1804
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Climaciaceae;Climacium
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Climaciaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Climacium]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek klimakion, small stair or ladder, alluding to broad perforations of endostome segments united by transverse tissue resembling rungs of a ladder
|volume=Volume 28
|mention_page=page 508, 512, 513
|treatment_page=page 509
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>coarse, glossy or dull. <b>Leaves</b> erect to erect-spreading, loosely imbricate when dry or moist, ovate, somewhat concave, sulcate-plicate; base ± cordate; margins in stem leaves nearly entire to denticulate distally, in branch leaves serrulate nearly to base, coarsely serrate in distal 1/3–1/2; apex acute or obtuse, sometimes short-apiculate. <b>Sexual</b> condition with archegoniate plants similar to antheridiate plants; perigonial and perichaetial buds distal on secondary stems near branch bases, or proximal on branches; perichaetial leaves erect, sheathing, elongate, membranous, margins entire, apex abruptly acuminate, ecostate or costa weak. <b>Seta</b> orange-brown to reddish. <b>Capsule</b> red-orange to red-brown.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;Mexico (Veracruz);Eurasia;Atlantic Islands (Iceland);Pacific Islands (New Zealand);Australia.
|discussion=<p>Species 3 (2 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p><i>Climacium</i> is distinguished by abundant paraphyllia, single costa, cordate leaf bases, erect capsules, and fully developed double peristome. According to H. A. Crum and L. E. Anderson (1981), the columella is persistent and exserted after dehiscence. Both species in the flora area may have hyaline decurrencies only one or two cells wide descending from the alar region. <i>Climacium</i> japonicum Kindberg is known from eastern Asia.</p><!--
--><p>Plants in <i>Climacium</i> show strong phenotypic variability; in drier habitats the erect secondary stems are shorter and branches more tightly crowded (A. J. E. Smith 2004); with increasing wetness the stipe is more elongate and the distal secondary stems are more frondose. Variation between specimens of <i>Climacium</i> occurs also in thinness and angularity of cell walls and strength of red coloration near the leaf insertion and adjacent to the costa; these traits are probably associated with habitat shade and degree of moisture.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Branch leaf medial laminal cells (6-)7-13:1; stem leaf apices obtuse, often abruptly apiculate; branch leaf bases not or somewhat auriculate, apices obtuse; stem leaf laminal cells near insertion with walls thin, not porose; capsules shortly oblong-cylindric, 1.5-3(-4) mm.
|[[Climacium dendroides|Climacium dendroides]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Branch leaf medial laminal cells (2-)3-5(-7):1; stem leaf apices broadly to sharply acute, sometimes apiculate; branch leaf bases sharply flexuose-auriculate, apices acute; stem leaf laminal cells near insertion with walls thick, porose; capsules long-cylindric, 3.5-6 mm.
|[[Climacium americanum|Climacium americanum]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Climacium
|authority=F. Weber & D. Mohr in F. Weber
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Climaciaceae
|distribution=North America;Mexico (Veracruz);Eurasia;Atlantic Islands (Iceland);Pacific Islands (New Zealand);Australia.
|reference=None
|publication title=in F. Weber, Naturh. Reise Schweden,
|publication year=1804
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V28/V28_793.xml
|genus=Climacium
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Climaciaceae]]