View source for Sanguisorba

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Sanguisorba
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 116. 1753
|year=1753
}}, {{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gen. Pl. ed.
|place=5, 53. 1754
|year=1754
}}
|common_names=Burnet;sanguisorbe
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Rosaceae;Rosaceae subfam. Rosoideae;Rosaceae tribe Agrimonieae;Sanguisorba
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Rosaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Rosaceae subfam. Rosoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Rosaceae tribe Agrimonieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Sanguisorba]]</div></div>
|etymology=Latin sanguis, blood, and sorbeo, to absorb, apparently alluding to traditional European and Asian uses to stop external or internal bleeding, suggested by dark red flowers of some species and medieval doctrine of signatures
|volume=Volume 9
|mention_page=page 312, 318, 319, 320
|treatment_page=page 321
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> perennial, 2–20 dm; rhizomatous. <b>Stems</b> 1–10+, ascending to erect, glabrous or glabrescent. <b>Leaves</b> deciduous, basal and cauline; stipules persistent, adnate to petiole, free portion usually ovate, obovate, or suborbiculate, margins dentate; petiole present; blade oblong-elliptic, 5–55 cm (basal blades largest, cauline reduced distally), herbaceous, leaflets (3–)7–21, orbiculate, ovate, or oblong, leafy stipels sometimes present on vigorous leaves, margins flat, crenate or serrate, surfaces glabrous or sparsely hairy. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal or axillary to distal leaves, 50–500+-flowered, spikes, ellipsoid to cylindric, glabrous or variously pubescent; peduncles present; bracts absent; bracteoles present. <b>Pedicels</b> absent. <b>Flowers</b> 2–5 mm diam.; hypanthium urceolate, 1–6 mm, smooth, muricate, or winged, glabrous; sepals 4, basally connate, spreading, petaloid, elliptic to ovate; petals 0; stamens [2–]4[–12], shorter or longer than sepals; carpels 1[or 2], glabrous, styles repeatedly branched, brushlike; ovules pendulous. <b>Fruits</b> achenes, 1, globose, 0.5–2 mm, glabrous; hypanthium persistent, enclosing achenes, dry, hardened, top-shaped to ellipsoid, 2–5 mm, 4-angled or -winged, faces smooth between angles; sepals persistent, spreading to ascending. <b>x</b> = 14.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;n Eurasia.
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 15 (4 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p><i>Sanguisorba</i> is here circumscribed more narrowly than it has been traditionally (for example, H. A. Gleason and A. Cronquist 1991) (though exactly as it was circumscribed by P. A. Rydberg 1908–1918), based on recent molecular phylogenetic analyses summarized in D. Potter et al. (2007), following and refining initial findings by M. S. Kerr (2004). <i>Poteridium</i> and <i>Poterium</i> are in a clade separate from <i>Sanguisorba</i> and basal in Sanguisorbeae, with <i>Sanguisorba</i> then basal to the remainder of Sanguisorbeae (Potter et al.).</p><!--
--><p>Acropetal flowering refers to flowers opening sequentially from the base toward the apex of the inflorescence. Basipetal flowering refers to flowers opening sequentially from the apex toward the base of the inflorescence.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Spikes flowering acropetal, 5–25 cm; calyx lobes white to greenish white, rarely cream to pinkish or slightly purple
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Spikes flowering basipetal, 1.5–7 cm; calyx lobes purple or dark purple
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaflets oblong-ovate to lance-oblong, lengths ca. 2–4 times widths, bases broadly cuneate, truncate, or rounded to slightly cordate; calyx lobe midveins thickened distally; plants 9–20 dm; c, e North America.
|[[Sanguisorba canadensis|Sanguisorba canadensis]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaflets ovate-oblong to ovate or suborbiculate, lengths ca. 1.2–2 times widths, bases usually deeply cordate, rarely truncate; calyx lobe midveins not thickened distally; plants 2–12 dm; nw North America.
|[[Sanguisorba stipulata|Sanguisorba stipulata]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Stamen lengths 1.5–2.5 times calyx lobes, filaments flattened and dilated in distal 1/2; calyx lobes purple; leaflet lengths 1–2 times widths; spikes cylindric, 1.5–7 cm.
|[[Sanguisorba menziesii|Sanguisorba menziesii]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Stamen lengths ± equal to calyx lobes, filaments filiform throughout; calyx lobes dark purple; leaflet lengths 1.5–2.5 times widths; spikes ellipsoid or ovoid, 1.5–3 cm.
|[[Sanguisorba officinalis|Sanguisorba officinalis]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Sanguisorba
|author=Alan S. Weakley
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=tribe
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Rosaceae
|distribution=North America;n Eurasia.
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl.;Gen. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1753;1754
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V9/V9_523.xml
|subfamily=Rosaceae subfam. Rosoideae
|tribe=Rosaceae tribe Agrimonieae
|genus=Sanguisorba
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Rosaceae tribe Agrimonieae]]