Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants perennial, distinctly papillose especially or almost exclusively on veins of leaf
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Aveninae) in Mexico and Central America. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 91:1-30 Louis-Marie, Father, O.C. 1928. The genus Trisetum in America. Rhodora 30:209-228, 231-245
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537, 564, 578, 580. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants light to dark green, cespitose, crowded or rarely
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appears in FNA Volume 3. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stems clambering or climbing, to 6(-20) m. Leaf blade pinnately
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Mentioned on page 377. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stems 0.4–0.8 cm. Leaves 1–2.2 mm, apex rounded-obtuse to
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Treatment on page 265. Illustrator: Bee F. Gunn Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stems 5–80 cm. Leaves: petiole ca. 2–15 mm or absent; blade
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appears in FNA Volume 3. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Trees, subevergreen, to 10 m. Bark gray or whitish, closely
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Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants perennial, glabrous or papillose-pubescent especially on abaxial surface of leaf blades
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page 463, 468, 472. Illustrator: Susan A. Reznicek Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants densely cespitose. Culms dark maroon at base; flowering
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taxonomic solution provided here is a single species of chokecherry in North America with an eastern and a western variety that overlap in range along a line
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Mentioned on page 199. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Annuals or short-lived perennials, (20–)40–70(–100) cm, arachnose
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appears in FNA Volume 3. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Shrubs, evergreen or subevergreen, densely branched, 1-2(-3)
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page 355, 365. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Herbs, perennial, cespitose, green to ashy olive when dry
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in eastern Asia, and increasingly valued in North America and Europe. All species are ornamental, especially those having cultivars with colored culms.
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appears in FNA Volume 3. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Shrubs or small trees, to 6-9 m. Bark light or medium gray
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Mentioned on page 478, 481. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants simple or branched from below ground, 5–20(–27) cm
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372, 378, 383, 389. Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association Perennials, rhizomatous, densely cespitose, forming large
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Treatment on page 172. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Creeping roots usually dark brown or black, with scaly adventitious
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page 354, 356. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Annuals. Stems erect, ascending, or prostrate, not matted
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101, 102, 104, 105. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants in dense tufts, glaucous to brownish green. Stems
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Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants perennial, glabrous or distinctly papillose especially on veins of leaf blades abaxially
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I., S.C., Tex., Utah, Va., Vt., Wis., Wyo., temperate North America, West Indies, South America. Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). The varieties of Eleocharis
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Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants perennial, glabrous or very indistinctly papillose, especially on veins of leaf blades abaxially
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Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants perennial, glabrous or ± papillose especially on veins of leaf blades abaxially, with
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Eurasia. Cultivars of Prunus avium are grown in North America both for their attractive flowers, especially where the Japanese ornamental cherries are not
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Treatment on page 291. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants in flat, loose, long trailing mats, light green to
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on page 463, 468. Illustrator: Susan A. Reznicek Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants with short rhizomes, loosely cespitose forming small
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secunda, and P. wheeleri are important native forage species in western North America; P. alpina, P. arctica, and P. glauca are common components of alpine
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than linear-flexuous, especially in straight leaves. Hypnum vaucheri is predominantly continental in distribution in North America, while H. cupressiforme
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Treatment on page 273. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants robust, to 2.5 m; leaves and inflorescences emergent
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177, 184, 186. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Bulbs variable, subrhizomatous to ± ovoid, 3.1–8.1 × 3.6–10
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Mentioned on page 170. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants annual; taproot slender. Stems erect, simple or branched
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on page 10, 11, 27. Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 1–2 m. Stems erect to spreading or prostrate, finely
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Map Legacy Map Calif. Erythranthe willisii is narrowly endemic over serpentine along the North Fork Feather River (including the North Branch) in Plumas
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Mentioned on page 85, 87. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Leaves 1.5–3 mm; margins broadly recurved to 1/3 leaf length
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42, 50, 52, 53, 56. Illustrator: Barbara Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stems usually erect or ascending, occasionally decumbent
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188, 189, 190. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Bulbs branching occasionally, often irregularly, 1.6–3 ×
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539, 541, 546, 548. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants small to large, golden green, yellow-green, or pale
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Mentioned on page 323. Illustrator: Susan A. Reznicek Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants densely to loosely cespitose. Culms 31–115 cm × 0
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271, 272, 274, 278. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants soft, yellowish or olive green. Stems to 10 cm, leafy
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on page 279, 281. Illustrator: Susan A. Reznicek Copyright: Flora of North America Association Culms 3–130 cm. Leaves: sheaths adaxially red dotted and
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strigose (especially at nodes); bark deciduous, exfoliating or flaking, reddish; axillary buds hidden in pouches, sometimes apex exposed, especially on vigorous
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western North American shrubs in alkaline habitats, S. vermiculatus grows among other shrubs or in pure stands, often to great extent, especially in the
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Mentioned on page 322, 323. Illustrator: Bee F. Gunn Copyright: Flora of North America Association Herbs, green to yellowish or reddish, 5–15(–25) dm, glabrous
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page 277, 285. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stems erect, branched, 1–6(–10) dm, glabrous (to sparsely
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on page 223, 224. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 1–2(–7) cm. Stems reddish brown or red. Leaves green
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differentiated, slightly grooved in several species, surface smooth. x = 16. w North America, nw Mexico. Species 8 (7 in the flora). Marah micrantha Dunn, endemic
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Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Subshrubs, 20–70(–100) cm, densely brownish pubescent (especially when young) with smooth and minutely
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page 72, 73, 75. Illustrator: Elizabeth Zimmerman Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants perennial, mat-forming; rhizomes evident, long, 1
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112, 113, 115. Illustrator: Elizabeth Zimmerman Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants perennial; rhizomes 0.2–1 mm thick, scales persistent
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Mentioned on page 276. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants robust to slender, to 2 m; leaves and inflorescences
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page 611, 613, 617. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Secondary stems decumbent, sometimes appearing prostrate
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absent, especially in terrestrial plants, with sporophytes correspondingly infrequent. Differentiation of alar cells is often weak in North American material
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theophrasti to North America was recounted by N. R. Spencer (1984). It can be abundant locally, thriving when rich cultivated soils are disturbed, especially in the
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toxic to humans, its roots are relished by gophers. Widely planted in North America and elsewhere as an ornamental, roadside, and reclamation plant, with
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Legacy Map Introduced; Calif., Tex., s Europe, Asia, Africa, introduced also in Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America. Punica granatum has
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throughout its range from Iran to Great Britain and on the west coast of North America. Crundwell and Nyholm commented on D. howei and D. varia that there are
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page 497, 531. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants annual, rarely biennial, usually distinctly papillose-pubescent
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page 309, 311. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants whitish gray or grayish green, 5–35(–50) cm, tomentose-sericeous
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Map Ala., Ariz., Calif., Fla., Ga., La., Md., Miss., N.C., Okla., S.C., Tex., Va., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, s Europe, Asia,
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in FNA Volume 23. Illustrator: Susan A. Reznicek Copyright: Flora of North America Association Culms 15–60 cm. Inflorescences 3–5(–7) cm, all but proximal
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also regarded this as the most common subspecies in North America. However, I believe most North American representatives of this aggregate belong to subsp
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Alongi Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stems (1–)4–35 cm, glabrous to or often glandular-pubescent, especially proximally, often glaucous
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page 399, 400. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Herbs, 5–70 cm, glabrous. Stems erect or ascending, branched
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segregate species. Recent work has identified two different genotypes in North America (Saltonstall 2002) that preliminary data suggest may be morphologicaly
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page 435, 438. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Subshrubs, erect, 4–10 dm, dioecious. Stems green, grayish
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622, 633, 643, 654, 655. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Herbs, sometimes subshrubs, perennial, 1.5–3.5(–4.5) dm;
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Rickett (1944b) examined variation within the Cornus sericea complex in North America. Fosberg regarded the whole complex as a single species, stating that the
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Generated Map Legacy Map Calif., Oreg. Agrostis castellana is native to southern Europe. It was introduced to North America in the 1930s for use in lawns
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Treatment on page 137. Illustrator: Marjorie C. Leggitt Copyright: Flora of North America Association Basal leaves: petiole 1–3.5 cm, long hairs ± abundant, 0
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page 548, 568. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Annuals, (5–)10–30(–50+) cm (taprooted). Herbage glabrous
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Mentioned on page 331. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants to 15 cm, soft. Stems 3–5 mm wide across leafy stem
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Mentioned on page 405. Illustrator: Linny Heagy Copyright: Flora of North America Association Perennials, mostly (2–)5–10(–20) cm (cespitose to ± matted)
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Mentioned on page 307. Illustrator: Bee F. Gunn Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 1.5–5 dm; herbage white to brownish tomentose, some
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Mentioned on page 51, 70. Illustrator: Linny Heagy Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants solitary or in clusters, with caudex or thick, fleshy
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highly disturbed sites, especially where there is excess nitrogen. The distribution of B. lanatum in the eastern part of North America is not well understood
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uliginosum is transcontinental in North America between 60° and 70° north latitude; farther north it is rare, especially in the Queen Elizabeth Islands.
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pulvinus), and secondary pollen presentation. The leaves of the three North American species of Marantaceae are all homotropic (all leaves rolled in the
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of them, are contradictory and confusing. After examining plants from North America, it seems best to treat these Eurasian introductions as one variable
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these taxa, especially C. striatiforme Murr and C. novopokrovskyanum (Aellen) Uotila, are superficially similar to the native North American taxa of subsect
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Illustrator: Susan A. Reznicek Elizabeth Zimmerman Copyright: Flora of North America Association Rhizomes 5–8 mm diam.; scales longer than internodes, disintegrating
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variable species of the genus in the flora area. Sometimes (especially in western North America) the stems are julaceous, to 3 cm, the leaves are strongly
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Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stem hyalodermis variably present, absent especially in depauperate plants. Leaves erect-spreading
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184, 185, 187. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Bulbs rhizomatous, sometimes irregular, unbranched, continuously
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497, 506, 530. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants annual, rarely biennial, usually distinctly papillose-pubescent
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disturbed ground, or, especially to the south, in thickets and open woods near streams. It is widespread in most of temperate North America, extending from the
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described as a presumably native North American species, is not specifically distinct from K. scoparia sensu lato, especially from its eastern Asian forms
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affinities of wild populations of melon (Cucumis melo, Cucurbitaceae) in North America. Pl. Syst. Evol. 233: 183–197. Grebenscikov, I. 1953. Die Entwicklung
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, Colo., Calif., Vt., Idaho, Maine, Md., Mass., Ohio, Mich. Cynosurus cristatus is a European native that is now established in North America. It grows
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88, 91, 92, 95. Illustrator: Patricia M. Eckel Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants moderate-sized, relatively robust, smaller in exposed
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Mentioned on page 272. Illustrator: Marjorie C. Leggitt Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants green or grayish green to gray, non-glandular hairs
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Treatment on page 175. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Leaves: proximal oblanceolate, margins denticulate to deeply
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Flora of North America Association Perennials, 10–60 cm; taprooted, caudices branched. Stems erect (usually gray-green to whitish, especially proximally)
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page 176, 192. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Corms subglobose to oblong, 1–3 cm × 3–15 mm. Leaves 4–12;
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Bee F. Gunn Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants (0.5–)1–5 m. Stems prostrate to scandent, especially distally, sometimes rooting at nodes
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136, 154, 155, 156, 160. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Plants 0.6–5 m, (sometimes forming clones by stem fragmentation)
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102, 103, 104, 112, 113. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright: Flora of North America Association Shrubs, 3–7 m, (sometimes forming clones by stem fragmentation)
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Alaska, Calif., Ind., Maine, Mass., Mich., Minn., Mont., N.H., N.J., N.Y., Oreg., Vt., Wash., Wis., Wyo., Central America (Panama), South America, Eurasia
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page 465, 472. Illustrator: Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Copyright: Flora of North America Association Perennials; glabrous or densely puberulent. Rhizomes cylindrical
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Treatment on page 73. Illustrator: Marjorie C. Leggitt Copyright: Flora of North America Association Stems: long-shoot internodes 2.5–10(–15) mm, those proximal
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