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[25–]100–200+. Introduced; Fla., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, introduced also in Old World. Genera 3, species 3 (1 in the flora).

plumply lenticular. x = 15. Introduced; Fla., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, introduced also in Old World Tropics. Species 1. Muntingia

Generated Map Legacy Map Introduced; Fla., Tex., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, introduced also in Old World. Launaea intybacea is occasionally

radiation in the New World. Chloroplast spacer sequences show, however, that the New World species are most similar to Phoradendron whereas the Old World species

1997; R. F. Thorne 1992). Old World species of Allium are generally placed in subgenera and sections. Attempts to treat New World species similarly have gained

naturalized in Old World tropics and subtropics. Genera 125–130, species ca. 1800 (34 genera, 189 species in the flora). The Cactaceae had a New World origin

ornamentals. Most introduced species are ornamental cultivars. In many parts of the world, willows are used in basketry, as sources of tannins, and in apiaries

Cancer in the Old World, none in the New World. In an infrafamilial classification of the Rosaceae by D. Potter et al. (2007), Rosa is included in subfam

for the constituent taxa. As outlined in the key to species below, the two Old World sections present as adventives in our region are notable for their usually

straight, endosperm sparse. Introduced; s Asia, Africa, Australia, introduced also in South America, Europe, elsewhere in Asia, n Africa, Pacific Islands

Gentry 1982). They are also used as commercial fiber and beverage crops in Latin America and the Old World (H. Brucher 1989). In the southern United States

calendar years ago. Cultivated cucurbits were introduced into the Old World quickly after the discovery of the New World (H. S. Paris et al. 2006), and since the

flowers. Pedicels erect in fruit. Flowers bisexual or rarely unisexual, some plants also having staminate unisexual flowers, others also having pistillate unisexual

Generated Map Legacy Map Introduced; Fla., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, also introduced in Old World Tropics. Muntingia calabura

or rudimentary. x = 11. Introduced; mostly tropical to warm-temperate New World, also introduced in Old World. Species 6 (3 in the flora). Blake, S. F

Africa, Australia. Zingiberaceae are tropical, the most diverse family in the Old World. Species of Zingiberaceae are often spicy to the taste, and many of

(Gramineae): I. Chromosome numbers and geographical distribution of the Old World species. Genetica 46:235-255 Lonard, R.I. and F.W. Gould. 1974. The North

trash heaps and old gardens in California and seem on the borderline of escaping captivity; all perennial species in the flora are introduced. Bywater, M.

two clades, with the Old World species of Ziziphus more closely related to Paliurus than to the New World species. The New World species have paired or

are native to the Old World, and that S. auriculatum is a member of the New World Thelypodieae and is unrelated to Sisymbrium. See also Warwick and I. A

genus. In my opinion, this favors the retention of Rumex in the traditional broad sense, which is also nomenclaturally convenient. Many Old World species

may occur locally as an introduced species. Three subspecies are usually recognized within Amaranthus graecizans in the Old World: subsp. graecizans, subsp

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 76. Mentioned on page 74. Generated Map Legacy Map Introduced; Fla., Asia, introduced also in many areas

anthropic factors. In addition to the taxa discussed below, some other South American or Old World species may be found in North America in the future as introduced

Habitat: Old homesites. Elevation: 400–1600 m. Generated Map Legacy Map Introduced; Calif., Tex., s Europe, Asia, Africa, introduced also in Mexico, West

elevations along the north-south chains of mountains in eastern and western North America, and also in outlying, scattered, mesic, interglacial refugia, occasionally

(Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay), introduced also in Europe, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia. Oxalis articulata in the United States commonly has

present. x = 8. Introduced; s Europe, Asia, n Africa, introduced also in South America, s Africa, Pacific Islands, Australia. Species 7 (1 in the flora). Using

related to sect. Spirostachyae (Drejer) L. H. Bailey, an Old World group with three introduced species in North America. These sections often have been combined

rolled. Introduced; Europe, Asia (India, Iran, Middle East), Africa, intro­duced also in warmer regions of the New World and Old World. Species 2 (1 in the

sw Asia, n Africa, n Atlantic Islands, introduced also in n, c Mexico. Reseda luteola is a traditional Old World dye plant, used since Roman times. It contains

Central America, Eurasia (including 1 crossing equator in Sumatra), n Africa, Pacific Islands in Sumatra. In many areas Pinus is a forest dominant, either early

pappi 0. x = 10. Introduced; s Old World, introduced also (perhaps some native) in Mexico, South America, s Oceanic Islands. Species 55 (2 in the flora). Some

tannia, and others. Many of these same names are also applied to species of Xanthosoma, a New World aroid also cultivated for its starchy corms, which is often

= 34. Introduced; Europe, Asia, n Africa, introduced also in Mexico, South America, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia. Species ca. 25 (6 in the flora)

myxogenic cells in longitudinal rows, without resin sacs); pappi 0. x = 9. Introduced; s Europe, sw Asia, n Africa, introduced also in South America, elsewhere

(0.2–2 mm). x = 17. North America, Mexico, introduced in the Old World. Species 52, including 1 hybrid (52 in the flora). The identification of sunflower

Asia (India), Africa, introduced elsewhere in Asia, Pacific Islands, Australia, tropical and subtropical regions. Species ca. 190 (10 in the flora). Some species

from the native grapes in eastern North America without much success. The Old World grape (Vitis vinifera) was successfully introduced into California by the

especially in disturbed soil. Included in this treatment are introduced species that not only escape frequently but also have become naturalized in the flora

naturalized in the flora area will increase. In our flora, P. arida, P. caerulea, and P. tarminiana are well-established escapes that are also popular in horticulture

(visible in heads). x = 14. Introduced; Europe, w Asia, n Africa, Atlantic Islands, introduced in North America, Australia. Species 12(–23) (2 in the flora)

Widespread in North America, Mexico, West Indies, South America, including the Galápagos Islands, some species introduced to and naturalized in the Old World

Variants have been found in cultivation in which the entire plant is a rich red-burgundy color. There are also cultivars with variations in the lengths of the

Disturbed sites, old fields, roadsides Elevation: 0–100 m Generated Map Legacy Map Introduced; Fla., Ga., S.C., Asia, also introduced in New World tropics. Emilia

scales in 1–2 series). x = 9. Introduced; Europe, n Africa, Asia, introduced also in South America, Africa, Pacific Old World. Species 6 (1 in the flora)

has been introduced in other parts of the world. In addition, hundreds of forage and turf cultivars have been developed, many of which have also been widely

everywhere in temperate regions of North America. The distribution of A. powellii is probably underestimated both in North America and the Old World, and literature

native North American plants were taxonomically distinguishable from introduced, Old World plants. Other workers (e.g., R. J. Tyrl 1975) have treated A. millefolium

Scandinavia and Greenland, regular traffic has flowed between the Old World and the New World. Therefore, the plants that are adapted to the activities of humankind

range in tropical and subtropical parts of the New World is not well understood. It has become widely established also in warm areas of the Old World. Leaf

predominate among the lilies grown in home gardens in North America, though the exotic L. lancifolium (tiger lily; China) is also widely grown, as to a lesser

species was previously widely cultivated as a minor fruit in the Old World; it is hardly known in North America outside arboreta. The brownish fruits are

Generated Map Legacy Map Introduced; Fla., La., S.C., se Asia (India), Africa, Pacific Islands (Philippines), introduced also in Mexico, Central America

especially in southern Europe. Various types of pollution were also affecting the environment around settled areas. As colonists from the Old World arrived

Generated Map Legacy Map Introduced; Fla., La., South America, introduced also in tropics and subtropics worldwide. Psidium guajava is known in the flora area from

of Agrostis are exceptional in having paleas at least 2/5 as long as the lemmas. Agrostis also differs from Lachnagrostis in certain features of the lemma

Generated Map Legacy Map Introduced; Ala., Fla., Ga., La., Miss., N.Y., N.C., Okla., Pa., S.C., Tex., Old World tropics, introduced also in Mexico, West Indies

and Asia (most only in eastern and southeastern Asia). Another 68 genera are found in eastern North America and Eurasia and also in western North America

areas; its genetic diversity seems to indicate that it was introduced from the Old World. The species has been cultivated for medicinal and cordage use. None

Canada and the eastern United States. It is also widely distributed in the Old World, where it is certainly introduced. The strictly prostrate habit with stems

atrocinerea from S. caprea etc., in which the wood is smooth or with fewer, shorter striae. In the flora area, long striae also occur in S. bebbiana, S. discolor

returning to Spain in 1588 to publish various works on the New World. He urged scholars to regard the majority of living things in the New World as unique and

America, introduced in Europe. Euphorbia ophthalmica is a weedy species distributed throughout the Neotropics. It is also adventive in the Old World. Whether

as far east as India), n Africa, introduced also in Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, elsewhere in Africa, Pacific Islands, Australia

 Juniperus virginiana is prominent, and in the southeast, Pinus echinata, P. taeda, and P. virginiana are widespread in old fields. These successional forests

sterility in at least one sex, that in which the sex-determining mechanism is heterochromosomal (X--Y in males, or W--Z in females). Another difference in higher

analog. In addition to neotropical elements, they had at least several paleo-subtropical taxa introduced into North America from the Old World tropics

[Milankovic](1941) hypothesized that variations in the earth's orbit around the sun result in cyclic variation in the amount of solar radiation received by the