pedicel spreading to ascending, usually less than 2 cm, rachis to midpedicel angle more than 30°; bracts markedly smaller, fewer lobed than leaves. Fruits erect
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rachis; pedicel ascending, usually less than 2 cm, rachis to midpedicel angle more than 30°; bracts markedly smaller and fewer lobed than leaves. Fruits
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indurate, hairy; mericarps 5–19, 1-celled, with or without spur at dorsal angle, lateral walls usually disintegrating at maturity, irregularly dehiscent
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rachis; pedicel ± spreading, usually less than 2 cm; rachis to midpedicel angle more than 30°; bracts ± similar to leaves but smaller. Fruits erect. Seeds
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rachis; pedicel spreading, usually more than 1.5 cm, rachis to midpedicel angle more than 30°; bracts markedly smaller and fewer lobed than leaves. Fruits
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narrowly oblong, oblong, or broadly obovate, 0.8–5.5 times as long as wide, angle of base and of apex usually less than or greater than 90o, (abaxial surface
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lanceolate, narrowly ovate, or oblanceolate, 2–14.4 times as long as wide, angle of base and of apex less than 90o, surface hairs white and/or ferruginous;
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spurs; anthers with 2 awns (awns solid, slender, ascending awns bent at an angle to anthers and curved-ascending), dehiscent by apical pores; pistil 5-carpellate;
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rachis; pedicel spreading, usually more than 1.5 cm, rachis to midpedicel angle more than 30°; bracts markedly smaller and fewer lobed than leaves. Fruits
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the keys that follow, curvature of the perigynium beak is measured as the angle formed by the junction of a straight line through the beak with a straight
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cm, junction of the sheath and blade evident; blades 5-10 mm wide, at an angle to the sheaths, surfaces glabrous or the adaxial surfaces hirsute, margins
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as long as wide; angle of pouch 25°–50°. Wolffiella gladiata 1 Fronds 1.5–8 times as long as wide; angle of pouch 45°–120°. > 2 2 Angle of pouch 70°–120°;
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ed. 5, 384. 1754. John L. Strother Etymology: Greek tetra, four, gonio, angle, and theca, container, alluding to quadrangular involucres Treatment appears
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pedicel spreading to ascending, often more than 2 cm, rachis to midpedicel angle more than 30°; bracts usually smaller and fewer lobed than leaves. Fruits
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1–2 mm, distal end 4.5–10 mm wide; rostellum present or absent; stigma at angle to column surface. Capsules ovoid to ellipsoid, 13–30 × 5–10 mm. 2n = 26
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fasciculate distally. Flowers slightly zygomorphic (upper petals ± flared at right angle to calyx tube, lower ones parallel with it), spread laterally to suberect;
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ascending rachis (straight), usually less than 2 cm, rachis to midpedicel angle less than 30°; bracts markedly smaller and fewer lobed than leaves. Fruits
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a rounded surface; "ridged,"; a ridge with an obtuse angle; "keeled," a ridge with an acute angle; and "winged," a ridge that appears to have a wing distally
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leathery. Leaves green; blade sharply 3-angled in cross section, widest proximal to middle, adaxial side concave, outer angle serrate near apex, 5–11 × 1–1.5 cm
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sometimes whitened beneath, lateral veins diverging from the midvein at a 4-8° angle. Panicles 10-40 cm, sparsely flowered; branches solitary, with uncinate hairs
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outer (ray) 3-angled, each angle usually ± winged (wings not spine-tipped); inner (disc) compressed-prismatic (± quadrate, sometimes 2 angles winged, wings
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ovate or ovate-elliptic, ca. 2 times as long as wide, lateral veins forming angle of 80° with midvein (especially near base) Rumex fascicularis 13 Leaf blades
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several times their width apart, ca. 1–2.5 mm wide. Pinnules at nearly 90° angle to costa; fertile ultimate segments only decurrent, or more decurrent than
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segments less than their width apart, ca. 3–6 mm wide. Pinnules at 45°–60° angle to costa; fertile ultimate segments adnate or equally decurrent and surcurrent
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styles 0.8 mm; stigmas 1–1.3 mm. Achenes brown, stipitate, obovoid, abaxial angle more prominent than adaxial ones, 0.7 × 0.7 mm, apex emarginate, surfaces
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segments 1–2 times their width apart, ca. 2–5 mm wide. Pinnules at 45–60° angle to costa; fertile ultimate segments adnate or equally decurrent and surcurrent
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17 17 Plants distinctly glaucous; leaves 5–45 cm, arcuate, forming acute angle with stem (also see Tradescantia occidentalis var. scopulorum) Tradescantia
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fewer than 15 hairs per 0.1 sq. mm at most pubescent portion (excluding angle of petiole with stem). Leaf blades usually with fewer than 20 hairs per cm
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branchlets, (8–)14–20(–28) mm. Leaves: petiole distally flattened at right angle to plane of blade, (1–)3–8(–13) cm, about equaling blade length, (glabrous);
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to greatly compressed-trigonous, rarely thickly lenticular, angles prominent or abaxial angle obscure, 0.9–1.2 × 0.65–0.8 mm, apex narrowly to broadly truncate
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sometimes some compressedtrigonous in same spikelet, lateral angles prominent, abaxial angle absent or evident, not prominent, 0.8–1.1 × 0.7–0.8 mm, neck
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usually ascending to divaricate or horizontal, rarely descending (at 20–110º angle), straight or slightly recurved, 4–18(–23) mm. Flowers: sepals spreading
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unequally biconvex, sometimes clearly trigonous with distinct, narrow abaxial angle, adaxial face without central bulge, cuneate-obovoid, proximally evenly tapered
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sinus 2/3 or more length of midrib, lobes divergent and forming V-shaped angle; surfaces abaxially glabrous to densely pubescent. Flowers 1-2 cm diam.;
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completely connate in ovary; styles 3, cylindric, stout; stigmas on internal angle, oblate, large. Fruits schizocarps, breaking into 3 samaras; samaras bearing
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outer (ray) 3-angled (each angle ± winged, wings not spine-tipped); inner (disc) compressed-prismatic to columnar (adaxial, rarely abaxial, angles sometimes
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auriculate; proximal pair of veins from adjacent segments united at obtuse angle below sinus with excurrent vein 2–4 mm. Indument abaxially of uniformly short
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proximal pair of veins from adjacent segments united at acute or obtuse angle below sinus, with excurrent vein 2–4 mm. Indument abaxially of hairs 0.1–0
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1/2 length of midrib, lobes overlapping to divergent and forming V-shaped angle; surfaces glabrous. Flowers 3 cm or more diam.; sepals 5-6, abaxially green
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1–3 cm, increasing to 25 cm as capsule matures. Capsules 3-angled with single ridge at each angle, almost hidden in bases of spathes, 1–3.2 × 0.8–1.5 cm,
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sometimes plano-convex or obscurely compressed-trigonous with rounded abaxial angle, abaxial face with central bulge, obovoid, proximally rounded to distinct
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80–150% blade; blade broadly ovate to deltate, lobes 3 per side at 45°–70° angle with midvein, sinuses deep, venation craspedodromous, veins to major sinuses
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on page 169. Mentioned on page 168. Spikelets divaricate, forming 75–90° angle with rachis, 10–40 × 2.4–3 mm; floral scales ovate, widest at midlength,
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Mentioned on page 168. Spikelets ascending-erect, forming less than 40° angle with rachis, closely spaced (2 or more per mm of rachis), 15–25(–55) mm;
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surface glaucous with conspicuous stomatal bands separated by slight ridge or angle, apex blunt (especially on older leaves). Seed cones 6.5–12cm; scales fan-shaped
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Common names: New Zealand spinach Etymology: Greek tetra, four, and gonia, angle, in reference to the shape of the fruit Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4
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deltate. Cypselae dimorphic: outer 3-angled (each angle ± winged, wings ± spine-tipped); inner ± compressed (adaxial angles ± winged, wings ± spine-tipped);
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deltate. Cypselae dimorphic: outer 3-angled (each angle ± winged, wings not spine-tipped); inner compressed, adaxial angles ± winged (wings not spine-tipped);
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within frond much longer than wide, often spreading throughout most of frond; angle of pouch 45°–90°; flowering fronds similar to vegetative ones. Fruits 0.3–0
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and when stranded; blade 1–10 × 0.9–7.8 cm; primary veins forming 30–80° angle with midvein, ascending, aerenchyma extensive, nearly margin to margin, individual
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