Dryopteris cristata

(Linnaeus) A. Gray

Manual 631. 1848.

Common names: Crested wood fern dryoptère à crêtes
Illustrated
Basionym: Polypodium cristatum Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 1090. 1753
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2.

Leaves dimorphic, 35–70 × 8–12 cm; fertile leaves dying back in winter; sterile leaves several, small, green through winter, forming "rosette." Petiole 1/4–1/3 length of leaf, scaly at least at base; scales scattered, tan. Blade green, narrowly lanceolate or with parallel sides, pinnate-pinnatifid, not glandular. Pinnae of fertile leaves twisted out of plane of blade and perpendicular to it, deltate; basal pinnae deltate, somewhat reduced, basal pinnules longer than adjacent pinnules, basal basiscopic pinnule and basal acroscopic pinnule equal; pinnule margins distantly serrate, with spiny teeth. Sori midway between midvein and margin of segments. Indusia lacking glands. 2n = 164.


Habitat: Swamps, swampy woods, or open shrubby wetlands
Elevation: 0–1200 m

Distribution

V2 490-distribution-map.gif

Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Ala., Conn., Del., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mont., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Pa., R.I., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis., Europe.

Discussion

Dryopteris cristata is believed to be an allotetraploid derived from D. ludoviciana and an unknown diploid called " D. semicristata " by W. H. Wagner Jr. (1971). This ancestral taxon could have been either North American or Eurasian and may have become extinct during the last glaciation (T. J. Carlson and W. H. Wagner Jr. 1982). Dryopteris cristata hybridizes with five species; these hybrids can be identified by the narrow blades and deltate proximal pinnae.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Dryopteris cristata"
James D. Montgomery +  and Warren H. Wagner Jr. +
(Linnaeus) A. Gray +
Polypodium cristatum +
Crested wood fern +  and dryoptère à crêtes +
Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.) +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Ala. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mont. +, Nebr. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, R.I. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +  and Europe. +
0–1200 m +
Swamps, swampy woods, or open shrubby wetlands +
Illustrated +
Dryopteris cristata +
Dryopteris +
species +