View source for Buddleja

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Buddleja
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl.
|place=1: 112. 1753
|year=1753
}}
|common_names=Butterfly bush
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Chilianthus
|authority=Burchell
}}{{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Nicodemia
|authority=Tenore
}}
|hierarchy=Scrophulariaceae;Buddleja
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Scrophulariaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Buddleja]]</div></div>
|etymology=For Adam Buddle, 1660–1715, English botanist, vicar of Farmbridge
|volume=Volume 17
|mention_page=page 5, 6, 324, 325, 328
|treatment_page=page 327
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs </b>or trees; stolons absent. <b>Stems</b> erect or pendent, hairy when young, hairs usually stellate and glandular. <b>Leaves</b> persistent, semipersistent, or deciduous, cauline, opposite, decussate; stipules present (B. davidii) or as stipular lines or absent; petiole present or absent; blade not fleshy, subleathery or not, margins crenate, dentate, undulate, serrate, sinuate-dentate, subentire, or entire, sometimes involute. <b>Inflorescences</b> terminal, rarely axillary, cymes in heads, pseudoverticellate spikes, or panicles; bracts present. <b>Pedicels</b> often absent; bracteoles present or absent. <b>Flowers</b> bisexual, sometimes functionally dioecious, rarely trioecious; sepals 4, calyx radially symmetric, campanulate, lobes ovate to lanceolate; petals 4, corolla yellow, yellowish orange, greenish yellow, purple, pink, or white, sometimes with yellow-orange eye or white throat, radially symmetric, campanulate-rotate, salverform, funnelform, or tubular; stamens 4, adnate to corolla tube, included, rarely exserted, equal, filaments glabrous, staminode 0; ovary 2- or 4-locular, placentation axile; stigma capitate, clavate, or clavate and slightly 2-lobed. <b>Fruits</b> berries or capsules, ovoid or globular to cylindric, oblong, ellipsoid, or subglobular, dehiscence septicidal and/or loculicidal, rarely indehiscent. <b>Seeds</b> 20–100+, yellow to brown, tetrahedral, fusiform, or threadlike (B. davidii), usually obcompressed, wings present or absent. <b>x</b> = 19.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Central America;South America;Asia;e Africa;Indian Ocean Islands (Comoro;Madagascar;Mascarene Islands);introduced in Europe;elsewhere in Africa;Pacific Islands (Hawaii;New Zealand);Australia.
|discussion=<p>Species ca. 100 (10 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Buddleja species, especially Asiatic ones, are cultivated widely for their attractive flowers and leaves and their pleasant floral scent. Some plants readily persist and spread after cultivation; one of these, B. davidii, is considered an invasive of concern in some parts of the world (N. G. Tallent-Halsell and M. S. Watt 2009). Some species are used as remedies in folk medicine (E. M. Norman 2000). Almost all buddlejas thrive in sunny disturbed habitats.</p><!--
--><p>The Buddleja species of Madagascar and nearby islands have berries rather than capsules and have been segregated by some authors into Nicodemia; African taxa that have flowers with open corollas with well-exserted stamens rather than tubular flowers with included, sessile or subsessile stamens have been referred to Chilianthus. Here both are treated in Buddleja.</p><!--
--><p>J. F. Chau et al. (2017) conducted a phylogenetic study of Buddlejeae with the five genera of the tribe all treated within seven sections of Buddleja. This treatment is consistent with that study except for recognition of Emorya.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=norman2000a
|text=Norman, E. M. 2000. Buddlejaceae. In: Organization for Flora Neotropica. 1968+. Flora Neotropica. 121+ nos. New York. No. 81, pp. 1–225.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Inflorescences broadly paniculate; corollas white; stamens exserted from corolla tube.
|[[Buddleja saligna|Buddleja saligna]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Inflorescences narrowly paniculate, spicate, racemose, or capitate; corollas yellow, yellowish orange, greenish yellow, orange, purple, violet, or pink, rarely white, sometimes with yellow-orange eye or white throat; stamens included in corolla tube.
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Corollas tubular or salverform, tubes 7–14 mm.
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaf blades orbiculate to elliptic; corollas greenish yellow.
|[[Buddleja indica|Buddleja indica]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Leaf blades ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or elliptic; corollas yellowish orange, purple, violet, pink, or white, sometimes with yellow-orange eye or white throat.
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Corollas yellowish orange; stamens inserted near throat.
|[[Buddleja madagascariensis|Buddleja madagascariensis]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Corollas purple, violet, pink, or white, sometimes with yellow-orange eye or white throat; stamens inserted medially or 3–5 from base.
|[[#key-0-5| > 5]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Cymes almost encircling inflorescence axis; corollas straight.
|[[Buddleja davidii|Buddleja davidii]]
|-id=key-0-5
|5
|Cymes secund; corollas curved.
|[[Buddleja lindleyana|Buddleja lindleyana]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Corollas funnelform, salverform, or campanulate-rotate, tubes 1.5–5 mm.
|[[#key-0-6| > 6]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Leaf blade adaxial surfaces glabrous or glabrescent.
|[[#key-0-7| > 7]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Shrubs, 3–15 dm; cymes 6–12-flowered; corolla lobes orbiculate.
|[[Buddleja racemosa|Buddleja racemosa]]
|-id=key-0-7
|7
|Shrubs or trees, 15–40 dm; cymes 10–35-flowered; corolla lobes ovate.
|[[Buddleja sessiliflora|Buddleja sessiliflora]]
|-id=key-0-6
|6
|Leaf blade surfaces glandular-tomentose (grayish).
|[[#key-0-8| > 8]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Inflorescences capitate; corollas deep yellow (turning orange).
|[[Buddleja marrubiifolia|Buddleja marrubiifolia]]
|-id=key-0-8
|8
|Inflorescences pseudoverticillate spikes; corollas light yellow, lemon yellow, or greenish yellow.
|[[#key-0-9| > 9]]
|-id=key-0-9
|9
|Corolla tubes 1.5–2 mm, lobes oblong.
|[[Buddleja scordioides|Buddleja scordioides]]
|-id=key-0-9
|9
|Corolla tubes 4–5 mm, lobes orbiculate.
|[[Buddleja utahensis|Buddleja utahensis]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Buddleja
|author=Eliane Meyer Norman
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=Chilianthus;Nicodemia
|basionyms=
|family=Scrophulariaceae
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Central America;South America;Asia;e Africa;Indian Ocean Islands (Comoro;Madagascar;Mascarene Islands);introduced in Europe;elsewhere in Africa;Pacific Islands (Hawaii;New Zealand);Australia.
|reference=norman2000a
|publication title=Sp. Pl.
|publication year=1753
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/9216fc802291cd3df363fd52122300479582ede7/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V17/V17_7.xml
|genus=Buddleja
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Scrophulariaceae]]