View source for Prunus serotina

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Prunus serotina
|accepted_authority=Ehrhart
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Gartenkalender
|place=3: 285. 1784
|year=1784
}}
|common_names=Black or rum cherry;cerisier tardif ou d’automne;merisier
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Rosaceae;Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae;Rosaceae tribe Amygdaleae;Prunus;Prunus serotina
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Rosaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Rosaceae tribe Amygdaleae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Prunus]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Prunus serotina]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 9
|mention_page=page 355, 366
|treatment_page=page 363
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs </b>or trees, not suckering, 40–400 dm, not thorny. <b>Twigs</b> with terminal end buds, glabrous or hairy. <b>Leaves</b> deciduous; petiole 2–23(–30) mm, glabrous or sparsely to densely hairy, usually glandular distally or at petiole-blade junction, glands 1–6; blade usually narrowly elliptic, oblong-elliptic, or obovate, sometimes lanceolate, rarely ovate, 2–13.5 × 1.1–6.5 cm, base cuneate to rounded, margins crenulate-serrulate to serrate, teeth incurved or appressed, sharp or blunt, glandular or callus-tipped, apex usually acute to acuminate, sometimes obtuse, rounded to emarginate in <i></i></i>var.<i><i> alabamensis</i>, lateral veins 15–30 per side, flush abaxially, abaxial surface usually densely hairy along midribs proximally, sometimes glabrous or sparsely hairy, adaxial glabrous. <b>Inflorescences</b> 18–55(–90)-flowered, racemes; central axes (25–)35–160 mm, leafy at bases. <b>Pedicels</b> 1–10 mm, glabrous or hairy. <b>Flowers</b> blooming after leaf emergence; hypanthium cupulate, 1.5–3 mm, glabrous externally; sepals erect-spreading to reflexed, semicircular, 0.5–1.5 mm, margins usually entire, rarely glandular-toothed, rarely ciliate, surfaces glabrous; petals white, obovate to suborbiculate, 2–4 mm; ovaries glabrous. <b>Drupes</b> dark purple to nearly black, globose, 5–10[–25] mm, glabrous; hypanthium persistent; mesocarps fleshy; stones subglobose, not flattened.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Central America;South America;introduced in Europe.
|discussion=<p>Varieties 4 (3 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Variety capuli (Cavanilles) Hatusima [subsp. capuli (Cavanilles) McVaugh] is known from Mexico (Chiapas, Jalisco, Distrito Federal, México, Puebla), Central America, and South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela). It is distinguished from <i></i></i>var.<i><i> serotina</i> by lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate leaves with decurrent bases (versus elliptic to obovate with obtuse to cuneate bases) and a long (to 2 cm), thin (1 mm) petiole; inflorescences tend to be subtended by 3 or 4 leaves [versus 2 (or 3), reduced in size], with a rachis relatively longer (greater than 15 cm), thicker, and flexuous compared to other varieties, and shorter pedicels (3–5 mm versus 5–10 mm, in <i></i></i>var.<i><i> serotina</i>).</p><!--
--><p>The characters given in the key usually allow easy separation of <i>Prunus serotina</i> from <i>P. virginiana</i>; some specimens from Arizona and southern Utah are difficult to determine. In that area, it is not uncommon for the sepals of <i>P. virginiana</i> flowers to lack the glandular teeth that are common elsewhere and thus mimic those of <i>P. serotina</i>. Variety rufula has thicker leaves that are also much shinier on both surfaces than those of <i>P. virginiana</i> and shorter petioles (2–15 mm versus 4–27 mm).</p><!--
--><p>Compounding the confusion with chokecherry is a nomenclatural conundrum in which the epithet virginiana has been used for both chokecherry (the next species) and for black cherry (this species). The status of the two names <i>Prunus serotina</i> and <i>P. virginiana</i> was discussed by K. N. Gandhi et al. (2009), who proposed the conservation of both names.</p><!--
--><p>Of our native <i>Prunus</i> species only <i>P. serotina</i> grows large enough to produce commercial lumber, which is highly prized for its fine grain and rich, warm, reddish brown color.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf blades elliptic to obovate, abaxial surfaces sparsely hairy, apices usually obtuse, rounded, or emarginate, sometimes abruptly acute or short-acuminate.
|[[Prunus serotina var. alabamensis|Prunus serotina var. alabamensis]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Leaf blades usually elliptic, lanceolate, or oblong, rarely obovate or ovate, abaxial surfaces glabrous or midribs hairy, apices acute to acuminate
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaf blades 4–13.5 cm, membranous or slightly leathery; petioles (7–)10–23(–30) mm; e North America.
|[[Prunus serotina var. serotina|Prunus serotina var. serotina]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Leaf blades 2–5.2(–7.4) cm, leathery; petioles (2–)4–10(–15) mm; Arizona to w Texas.
|[[Prunus serotina var. rufula|Prunus serotina var. rufula]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Prunus serotina
|author=
|authority=Ehrhart
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Rosaceae
|distribution=North America;Mexico;Central America;South America;introduced in Europe.
|reference=None
|publication title=Gartenkalender
|publication year=1784
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V9/V9_589.xml
|subfamily=Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae
|tribe=Rosaceae tribe Amygdaleae
|genus=Prunus
|species=Prunus serotina
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Prunus]]