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diverse insect fauna. Most of the diversity of the family in the Western Hemisphere is concentrated in the genus Quercus, with the greatest number of species

(Liriodendron). Mostly in Asia, the Pacific Islands, and the Western Hemisphere. Genera ca. 6(-12), species ca. 220 (2 genera, 9 species in the flora). Magnoliaceae

classification of the Ranunculaceae with special reference to the Western Hemisphere. Phytologia 70: 24-27. Tamura, M. 1963. Morphology, ecology and phylogeny

with the margins incurved over the upper glumes; upper glumes keeled; florets bisexual; lemmas hyaline, bifid almost to the base, awned from the cleft;

compound and simple papillae towards the apices, x = 9. There are approximately 50 species of Panicum subg. Panicum in the Western Hemisphere (Zuloaga

cotyledons fleshy and oily, variously lobed. Western Hemisphere and Eurasia. Genera 7, species 59 (2 genera, 17 species in the flora). The fruit in Juglandaceae

ridge. x = 29. Most in the Western Hemisphere, a small number in Asia, Africa, the Pacific Islands, and Australia. Pellaea in the broad sense is a diverse

Islands). Species ca. 33 (7 in the flora). Stillingia is distributed primarily in the warmer regions of the western hemisphere, with a major center of diversity

generic and infrageneric classification of L. D. Benson (1948), who gave by far the most thorough and best documented study of the problem. The genus and its

sub¬tropical, and warm-temperate regions throughout the world. Seventy-three species are native to the Western Hemisphere; 27 are native to the Flora region

abundant in wet forests of warm temperate and tropical regions. In the Western Hemisphere, its range extends from the southern United States through South America

glands present. x = 11. Mostly Western Hemisphere, Europe, Asia. Species ca. 30 (24 in the flora). Beal, E. O., J. W. Wooten, and R. B. Kaul. 1982. Review of

taxa native to the Western Hemisphere, disarticulation is acropetal and the lemmas fall with the caryopses, leaving the paleas attached to the rachilla. Nathaniel

transversely dehiscent. Mostly tropical and subtropical, Western Hemisphere, Africa, Asia (China). Species ca. 60 (3 in the flora). None. Burmannia biflora, Burmannia

Primarily tropical, Western Hemisphere, Africa (including Madagascar). Genera 6, species ca. 20 (1 genus, 1 species in the flora). The family was placed

disturbed ground. There are about seven species in the Western Hemisphere, but only three grow in the Flora region. None. Panicum dichotomiflorum, Panicum

regions. Species 4 (1 in the flora). Duncan, W. H. and M. Mellinger. 1972. Edgeworthia (Thymelaeaceae) new to the Western Hemisphere. Rhodora 74: 436–439.

approximately 12 species of Panicum sect. Repentia in the Western Hemisphere, four of which grow in the Flora region. The species generally inhabit wet sites, growing

pools and lakes Elevation: 0–50 m Generated Map Legacy Map Introduced; La., native, Asia, Africa, Australia. Blyxa aubertii is known in the Western Hemisphere

regions, Western Hemisphere. Species 5 (1 in the flora). Fassett, N. C. 1953. A monograph of Cabomba. Castanea 13: 116-128. Ørgaard, M. 1991. The genus Cabomba

a widespread species of the Western Hemisphere tropics. It was collected in the early 1960s in Dade County, Florida, near the track of a major hurricane

mariscus of Europe and Asia; C. mariscus subsp. jamaicense (Crantz) Kükenthal of the Western Hemisphere, Africa, and Hawaii; and C. mariscus subsp. intermedium

beak, 3-ribbed, 1-locular. Tropical regions, Western Hemisphere. Species over 1000 (7 in the flora). Outside the flora area Epidendrum is highly varied (E

a genus of the Western Hemisphere with its center of diversity in Mexico, has about 40 species; all 19 species treated here are native to the Flora region

Disarticulation in the rames, beneath the pistillate spikelets and at the base of the staminate portions. Pistillate spikelets exposed, solitary, embedded in the indurate

approximately 100 tropical and subtropical species, most of which are native to the Western Hemisphere. Three species are native to the Flora region; one additional

9. Three species of Panicum sect. Monticola grow in the Western Hemisphere. Two species grow in the Flora region, one of which is native to Asia. None.

wings absent, glands often present. Western Hemisphere. Species 26 (4 in the flora). Fassett, N. C. 1955. Echinodorus in the American tropics. Rhodora 57: 133--156

standleyi alliance) form a coherent, monophyletic group found only in the Western Hemisphere. The correct generic name for this group is in dispute because Notholaena

mutual pressure. x = 8. Western Hemisphere, especially Mexico. Species 24 (3 in the flora). Schoenocaulon has rarely been collected in the United States in recent

to obovoid. Tropical regions, Western Hemisphere. Species ca. 650 (2 in the flora). Atwood, J. T. 1993. A revision of the Maxillaria neglecta complex (Orchidaceae)

Fruits capsules. Subtropics and tropics, Western Hemisphere. Species 35 (1 in the flora). Kooser, R. G. and G. C. Kennedy. 1979. The genus Brassia R. Brown

absent. x = 12. Tropical and subtropical regions, Western Hemisphere. Species ca. 150 (3 in the flora). Persea americana Miller, the avocado of commerce, with

Fruits capsules. Tropical and subtropical, Western Hemisphere. Species 800 (1 in the flora). Oncidium is a large polymorphic, and probably paraphyletic, assemblage

10–200, ovoid, testa with longitudinal wings. Western Hemisphere, Africa Species 12 (7 in the flora). In the flora area, Heteranthera peduncularis Bentham

Southeast Asia, ca. 16 species in Western Hemisphere. Species 40–100 (4 in the flora). The four species of Goodyera in the flora are sometimes difficult to

solitary spikelets embedded in and radial to the rachises, the abaxial surface of the upper glumes exposed; disarticulation at the rachis nodes. Spikelets dorsiventrally

Tropical regions, Western Hemisphere. Species 9 (1 in the flora). Ames, O. and C. Schweinfurth. 1935. Nomenclatural studies in Malaxis and Spiranthes. Bot

± triangular in cross section. Tropical and subtropical regions of Western Hemisphere. Species 10–12 (1 in the flora). None. Macradenia lutescens window

rostellum not prominent. Fruits capsules. Tropical and subtropical regions, Western Hemisphere. Species 2 (1 in the flora). None. Ionopsis utricularioides window

native to the tropics of the Eastern Hemisphere, especially Africa and India, but with one, Tripogon spicatus, native to the Western Hemisphere. None. Tripogon

centered on the Mediterranean, and three in the Western Hemisphere, centered in Mexico. All five species in the Flora region are Eurasian. Four of the five species

known from several other western states. It was first collected in the Western Hemisphere in the late 1800s from shipyard areas in and around Philadelphia,

follicles and suspended by funiculi. x=19. Temperate and tropical regions, Western Hemisphere, Asia (Himalayas, China, Japan, Taiwan, Malaysia, and Indonesia)

cyclindric. Fruits capsules. Montane tropical regions, Western Hemisphere. Species 9 (1 in the flora). None. Schiedeella arizonica window.propertiesFr

using the more recent and clarified ICBN (Melbourne Code), correctly argued that the name of the segregated genus should be Chamaenerion, and that opinion

represented by one genus in the Western Hemisphere, Pharus. Clark, L.G., W. Zhang, and J.E Wendel. 1995. A phylogeny of the grass family (Poaceae) based on ndhF

of 12 species, native to the tropics and subtropics of the Eastern Hemisphere, and possibly to the Western Hemisphere. All the species grow in or near water

approximately 12 species, most of which are native to the Western Hemisphere; four are native to the Flora region and three have been introduced. It is, in many ways

latifolia, is northern temperate and circumboreal. The other three species are restricted to the Western Hemisphere. Cinna poaeformis (Kunth) Scribn.

300-400 species, most of which are native to the Western Hemisphere. Forty-three species are found in the Flora region; twenty-four are native. Paspalum

species and occurs extremely rarely in North America (see M. G. Shivas 1969 and M. D. Windham 1983 for a discussion of the conspecificity of Western Hemisphere

grows throughout the tropical and warm-temperate regions of the world. Only one species has been introduced to the Western Hemisphere. Arundo is similar

ovoid, smooth. Western Hemisphere. Species 6 (1 in the flora). Fernald, M. L. 1925. Pontederia versus Unisema. Rhodora 27: 76–81. Horn, C. N. and R. R. Haynes

grow in the tropics and subtropics, and occupy a wide range of habitats. Twenty-five species are native to the Western Hemisphere, but none to the Flora

Munroa, a genus of five species, is endemic to the Western Hemisphere. One species occurs in the Flora region, the remainder being confined to South America

Temperate and tropical regions of the Western Hemisphere. Species ca. 16 (5 in the flora). Froelichia is most abundant in the Sonoran and Chihuahuan deserts

before 2500 B.C., and became an important crop in China after the Mongolian conquest. It was introduced to the Western Hemisphere in the early sixteenth

soils. Five species are native to the Eastern Hemisphere and two to the Western Hemisphere, one of which is native to the Flora region. None. Trichoneura

(3 in the flora). Philonotis fontana has a Holarctic distribution with limited penetration into the montane tropics of both Eastern and Western Hemispheres

which may well be identical to the one from the Western Hemisphere. None. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus","name":"Leptopterigynandrum"

flowers and pair of glands at the base of the leaf blade. Subspecies asiatica (Kobiakova) Heiser is centered in Asia and the Pacific Islands and is morphologically

five species, grows in saline soils of the coasts and interior deserts of the Western Hemisphere and Australia. All the species grow in South America, but

open, sandy areas in warm-temperate and tropical regions of the Western Hemisphere. A single species is native the Flora region. It is sometimes included

abundant in humid areas. In the Western Hemisphere, it grows from the United States to Argentina and Chile. None. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus"

was apparently introduced to the Western Hemisphere from Asia. It is now common throughout the West Indies, but rare in the Flora region. None. None. window

1982. Distributional records for Nymphaea lotus (Nymphaeaceae) in the Western Hemisphere. Sida 9: 230-234. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus"

morphological characters appear to be correlated with the chemical races. No other Western Hemisphere species of Juniperus has been found to have leaf-oil

complex). Mostly Western Hemisphere but a few in Europe, Asia, Africa, Pacific Islands, and Australia. Cheilanthes is by far the largest and most diverse genus

stoloniferous (the stolons to 6 m), sterile. Basal sheaths glabrous or hirsute. 2n = 27 (for Digitaria decumbens Stent). In the Western Hemisphere, D. eriantha

bryoides- and taxifolius-types the trabeculae on the exterior surface of the undivided parts are higher and distinct from the lamellae. On the other hand, the

Malvoideae native in the Western Hemisphere. Reports of glade mallow in areas outside its natural range derive from confusion between it and Sida hermaphrodita

America, native, Asia. Murdannia nudiflora is found in the tropical areas of the Western Hemisphere. None. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus"

genus of the Western Hemisphere. It has approximately 155 species. Sixty-nine of the 70 species treated here are native to the Flora region. The other species

Sporobolus tenuissimus is native to the Western Hemisphere, and introduced to Africa and Asia. Its native distribution in the Americas is tropical, extending

Epidendrum rigidum is the most widespread and common epidendrum in the tropical regions of the Western Hemisphere. In Mexico and Central America it is

arundinaceum is native to, and most common, in Africa, but some strains have been introduced into the Western Hemisphere. None. None. window.properti

rocky slopes of the highest peaks and ridges in the alpine zone, from northern British Columbia to western Alberta and south to California and Colorado, usually

three diploid species native to the Western Hemisphere. Poa pseudoabbreviata is easily distinguished from all other alpine and arctic species of Poa by its

is widespread and common throughout the tropical regions of the Western Hemisphere. Outside the flora area, the size of stems, leaves, and flowers is somewhat

to Africa, and is considered a noxious weed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. In the Western Hemisphere, it has been introduced into the southern United

record and a majority of the subfamilies are represented in the Paleocene or Eocene. Tilia (Tilioideae) fossil pollen and leaves are present in western North

native to the Western Hemisphere, extending south from the western United States into northern Mexico, and through the American tropics to Argentina and Bolivia

Staminate panicles and spikelets similar to the pistillate panicles and spikelets, but the lemmas somewhat thinner in texture and the paleas not bowed-out

closer relationship with the African species, and the western New World species a closer one with the Australian species, than the two New World groups have

bare soil after summer rains. In the Western Hemisphere, it is known from Berkeley and Florence counties, South Carolina, and Argentina. None. None. window

some Pacific Islands, and northern Australia. The major diversification of the family probably occurred in the mid-Cenozoic, and was associated with climatic

occur from the seashore to the highest mountains in the United States. They are among the last plants seen atop the Sierra Nevada and on the “outskirts”

of subsp. agrestis was presumably brought to the Western Hemisphere by humans intentionally (for example, by Asian immigrants) or unintentionally (for example

dominant in the vegetation of large regions including, in the flora area, forests of the boreal and Pacific regions, of the western mountains, and of the southeastern

58 (51 in the flora). Among the Ceanothus species found in the flora area, only three occur entirely east of the Rocky Mountains. Among the remaining species

outer sepals and to the petals as staminodes. Ernst, W. R. 1964. The genera of Berberidaceae, Lardizabalaceae, and Menispermaceae in the southeastern United

including 3 hybrids, in the flora). The two genera not present in North America north of Mexico are the southeastern European-western Asian Sibiraea Maximowicz

Species ca. 400 (90 in the flora). Quercus is without doubt one of the most important woody genera of the Northern Hemisphere. Historically, oaks have

genera, 41 species in the flora). Members of Baeriinae are found mostly in western North America; there are disjuncts in western South America. H. Robinson

species in the flora). To people in the northern hemisphere, the word mistletoe most often calls to mind a branch parasite in Viscaceae. In Europe, the Christmas

their uses and demonstrate the rich diversity within the genus. The common name ‘mugwort’ is from the Old English mucgwyrt, mucg meaning ‘midge,’ and refers

warmer climates, such as the Mediterranean and the Southern Hemisphere. Of the 26 species known from the Flora region, 21 are native and 5 are introductions

Texas. Adams, R. P. and T. A. Zanoni. 1979. The distribution, synonymy, and taxonomy of three junipers of the southwest United States and northern Mexico.

North America, and the mountains of Mexico and Central America, and two genera also grow in the Andes to northern Argentina in South America. The remaining

numbers of genera and species in the southern hemisphere. Genera ca. 187, species ca. 1240 (19 genera, 111 species in the flora). Traditionally, taxa included

Lopezieae, and Onagreae. The Epilobieae and Onagreae are diverse; together they constitute fully two-thirds of the species in the family and include 15

from near the base to near the apices, straight or bent, sometimes delicate and indistinct from the callus hairs, sometimes exserted beyond the lemma margins;

Asia Species 7 (7 in the flora). Section Myrtillus is restricted to the Northern Hemisphere and has its greatest diversity along the Pacific Rim from Japan

significant role in the taxonomy and evolution of the genus. J. C. Semple and R. A. Brammall (1982), G. L. Nesom (1994c, 1997) and J. Labrecque and L. Brouillet

F. V. Coville and N. L. Britton (1908) provided the most comprehensive treatment of the group for North America and recognized Ribes and Grossularia at

areas of the western and eastern hemispheres, and in Hawaii, where P. karwinskianus Koehne is invasive. Hu S. Y. (1954–1956) relied on vestiture of the leaves

trees and shrubs of northern temperate and boreal zones of the Northern Hemisphere. Like Alnus, the group is highly diversified, especially in the Old World

Wyethia. Weber, W. A. 1946. A taxonomic and cytological study of the genus Wyethia, family Compositae, with notes on the related genus Balsamorhiza. Amer. Midl

long as the diameter of the distal gland, long-stipitate-glandular to hairs with stalks clearly visible, 1–3-times longer than the diameter of the distal

mountains in eastern and western North America, and also in outlying, scattered, mesic, interglacial refugia, occasionally at low elevations. The genus Aconitum

concerning the second haplome. Wang and Jensen (1994) argued that there are two different haplomes present, the origin of the second one being unknown and designated

Russia). Species 29 (26 in the flora). Arnica is circumboreal, predominantly montane, and exhibits maximum species diversity in western North America. It includes

fimbriatum). x = 8. Northern Hemisphere. Species 25–30 (5 in the flora). The number of Veratrum species depends on the taxonomic treatment of four wide-ranging

three of the species are known only from Mexico (D. C. D. De Jong 1965; J. Rzedowski 1983). Vegetatively and florally, Astranthium is similar to the monotypic

(15 in the flora). The convergence of morphologic (J. Soják 1985[1989]) and molecular (T. Eriksson et al. 1998; M. Lundberg et al. 2009; C. Dobeš and J. Paule

In the basic arrangement the septum is straight and the seeds in each locule are arranged obliquely to the septum and subopposite to seeds in the adjacent

3 (3 in the flora). Spiraea douglasii has been popular in the garden trade and was used to develop a number of hybrids. In North America, the hybrid most

directly onto the bases of the phyllaries, and the phyllaries and ray cypselae tend to fall together when the heads shatter at maturity. The numbers of phyllaries

lineages: the Leontipes group, mostly restricted to western North America, and the Catipes group, occurring throughout the Northern Hemisphere and South America

However, the validity of the hybrid has been questioned, as has the distinctiveness of R. woodsii from R. blanda (S. Joly and A. Bruneau 2007). The two species

120 species, is most abundant in the middle and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. There are 21 species in the Flora region, of which 3 are introduced

(1968) in the separate genus Trachybryum, is nested in the Homalothecium clade, supporting the opinions of D. H. Norris and J. R. Shevock (2004) and Ignatov

Wheeler (ed.). Flora of the Kimberley Region. Department of Conservation and Land Management, Western Australian Herbarium, Como, Western Australia, Australia

temperate and arctic regions of North America and Eurasia. Species ca. 115 (4 in the flora). Centers of diversity for Achillea are in Europe and Asia. Achillea

Compositae. Don, D. 1830. On the origin and nature of the ligulate rays in Zinnia; and on a remarkable multiplication observed in the parts of fructification

(Morocco). Grimmia anodon is widespread and common across the western United States and the mountains of southern Alberta and British Columbia. It is absent from

bounded on the north by the Canadian Province, on the east and south by the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain Province, and on the west by the North American

(Ledebour) B. Fedtschenko, in the strict sense, and T. subfrigida (Komarov) Holub may occur in far western Alaska. The former resembles T. frigida; it has

pattern wherein the alleles found in the South American accessions represent a subset of the alleles found in the Northern Hemisphere accessions (nuclear

ne Mexico. Species 3 (3 in the flora). Taxa of Petrophytum are widely distributed in the mountains of western United States and northeastern Mexico, with

circumboreal in the Northern Hemisphere, and also grows in New Zealand and Australia. It is an attractive taxon that grows in wet meadows and bogs, and along streams

rodents that cache the fruits for later use). This is supported by the presence of intergeneric hybrids, by the similar vegetative and floral morphologies

Keweenaw Peninsula, Michigan, and are used in beverages and especially for jam. Rubus parviflorus is typically associated with western North America but was originally

is the introduced European weed Sinapis alba Linnaeus. Although the holotype has no fruits, the presence of retrorse trichomes along the stems and on the

branch of the inflorescence. Intermediate populations have been identified, particularly in western New York and Pennsylvania. A. Gille (1949) discussed

Descriptive Account of the Vascular Plants of Western Mexico. 8+ vols. Ann Arbor. Vol. 13, pp. 270–344. Tucker, G. C. 1994. A revision of the Mexican species

are widespread. In the western part of the continent, however, the situation is much less clear. Collections from the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains resemble

Erythranthe and Diplacus/Mimetanthe are in separate lineages and are not the closest relative of each other. Closest to Diplacus and Mimetanthe is the Mexican-Central

in FNA Volume 4. Mentioned on page 224. Plants unbranched (western) to freely branched and ± forming mats (eastern), tuberculate with numerous, fine spines

pests in western North America. They are unpalatable to livestock and tend to dominate infested pasturelands. When consumed by animals, they taint the flavor

found since. The specimen differs, however, in no way from those I have seen throughout the range, and in light of the number of Mexican western cordilleran

regions of the world for its fast-growing timber and for paper pulp. The species is the tallest angiosperm in North America, easily recognized by the large

because the taxa are quite distinct at the extremes of their range. A. R. Kugel (1958) recognized them as distinct species and her work illustrates the regional

widely across Europe and Asia (including the Russian Far East) and in the western continental United States, with a notable gap in Alaska and Canada. None. None

Juglandaceae, and Ulmoideae diversified in the middle and higher latitudes. Araucarian conifers became extinct in the Northern Hemisphere at the end of the Cretaceous

chaparral and in pine and oak forests Elevation: (600–)1100–1900(–2300) m Generated Map Legacy Map Calif. Agnorhiza invenusta is known only from the western

primarily at high elevations in the western cordillera, extending eastward onto the northern prairies, and disjunctively in the Canadian arctic (Caribou Hills)

focusing on the Blue Mountains and not noting the duality of the location data on the specimen and in Nuttall’s publication. It is likely that the plants Nuttall

(3 in the flora). Cirsium remotifolium occurs from the Coast Ranges and valleys of the Pacific Northwest to the western slopes of the Cascade and Klamath

known from the San Joaquin Valley, Central Coast, San Francisco Bay Area, Outer South Coast Ranges, South Coast, Santa Cata­lina Islands, and Western Transverse

grows in the San Joaquin Valley, central western areas, western Transverse Ranges, Peninsular Ranges, and Mojave Desert. In Arizona, it grows in the Sonoran

macrolepis grows in the western foothills of central Sierra Nevada and in the eastern San Francisco Bay area (there mostly extirpated). The tall habit, exhibiting

weed in several states of the western United States. Weed control measures in Oregon and Washington have apparently eradicated the species in those states

occurs in the United States only as putative hybrids with Q. grisea (the Eagle and Quitman mountains) and Q. arizonica (Hueco Tanks) in Texas. None. None

similar to plants in New Mexico and extreme western Texas. Much greater morphologic diversity exists farther east and in Mexico, where shorter-spined,

C. subniveum and C. eatonii var. peckii. I have observed such hybrids on the slopes of Steens Mountain in Harney County, Oregon, and the type of C. humboldtense

leucopappa occurs in the Comanche and Tejon hills (western Tehachapi Range). Populations of the southern San Joaquin Valley (south and east of Bakersfield)

W.Va., Wash., Wis., Wyo. Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Helianthus petiolaris is adventive beyond western North America. A third subspecies has yet to

luteum in western Canada and central Alaska. Unlike in other North American species of Splachnum, the hypophysis is scarcely wider than the capsule and is green

central Washington. The disjunct populations of Allium crenulatum in western Oregon are markedly different among themselves and from the more typical representatives

ampullaceum is the most common species of the genus in boreal North America; the plants sometimes grow with S. luteum in western North America and S. pensylvanicum

frequent in western than eastern portions of the continents. The plants are firmly affixed to the substrate by rhizoids and produce sporophytes in summer;

Layia chrysanthemoides occurs from the western Great Valley to the coast in northern and central California. Molecular and morphologic data have indicated

tropical and subtropical regions of both the Western and Eastern hemispheres, including the Flora region. It grows in disturbed areas and at the edges of

Psilactis brevilingulata occurs in the Chihuahuan Desert regions of southeastern Arizona, southwestern New Mexico, and western Texas. None. None. window.pro

from western Great Plains to eastern foothills of the Cascade Mountains and Sierra Nevada. This is A. glauca var. laciniata of recent authors. The inclusion

Mexico (Baja California). In the flora area, Chaenactis artemisiifolia is known from the Transverse and Peninsular ranges and seaward valleys of southwestern

tenellum usually occurs on the eastern side of the Cascade Mountains and in the Rocky Mountains, Nevada, and Utah into western North America. Taxonomy of

in Connecticut and North Carolina, and in South Carolina is native only in the extreme western part and naturalized elsewhere. The brownish color often seen

conservation concern. Layia heterotricha occurs in the South Coast Ranges, western Transverse Ranges, and Tehachapi Range. Molecular phylogenetic data have

places and lakesides in tundra, muskeg, and boreal forest Elevation: 0-900 m Generated Map Legacy Map Greenland, Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr

Tamaulipas). The western, desert populations of Echinocactus texensis, unlike the eastern plants, have longer central spines that project stiffly outward and can

present in the southern Rocky Mountains, western Great Plains, and southwestern desert regions. It has also been reported from Illinois and New York, but

Map Legacy Map Calif. Allium diabolense is known only from the southern Coast Ranges and western Transverse Ranges. None. None. window.propertiesFromHigh

platyglossa occurs from the North Coast Ranges through central-western and southwestern California and west to the immediate coast and east into the central Great

Artemisia aleutica is known only from the western Aleutian Islands. It is morphologically similar to A. borealis, and the relationships of these species complexes

columella and well-developed peristome. These features, along with the turbinate capsules and subulate vegetative leaves with costa filling the apex, are diagnostic

shiny-metallic red leaves and incrassate, elongate distal laminal cells; capsules are rare. Most reddish plants similar to this species in the western United States

which occurs in western North America (except for a disjunct population in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan), differs by smooth fruit valves and inflorescences

in deserts of western North America, extending to the Pacific coast in central and southern California. As treated here (provisionally) and previously, L

middle latitudes concurrently with the uplift of the western Cordillera, particularly along the western Coast Ranges and Sierra Nevada (P.W. Birkeland et

arizonica with Q. oblongifolia and Q. laeta Liebmann, and Q. grisea with Q. mohriana and Q. microphylla Née). Thus, Q. arizonica and Q. grisea are best treated

widths), mostly from the western part of the range of the species, have been treated as G. squarrosa var. serrulata. G. L. Nesom (1990i) and others have treated

Utah. Hymenoxys subintegra grows mainly on the Kaibab Plateau north of the Grand Canyon in Arizona and in western Kane County, Utah. None. None. window.p

occurs, as an introduction, in the Southern Hemisphere. It grows in wet areas such as the edges of lakes, ponds, ditches, and creeks, often forming dense

distinctive: the capsules gradually contract to the seta though a shriveled neck, a well-developed peristome is present, and the length of the capsule equals

Europe, Asia. Frequent in the western Canadian mountains on calcareous cliffs, Seligeria donniana is disjunct to Colorado, and in temperate eastern North

America. On the acidic, sphagnous substrates shaded by Taxodium ascendens, Nyssa biflora, and Ilex myrtifolia stands in western Florida and southern Alabama

Lagophylla dichotoma occurs in the western Sierra Nevada foothills and adjacent eastern San Joaquin Valley and in the northern South Inner Coast Ranges

assignable to G. hirsutula in the sense of Lane and plants assignable to G. stricta in the sense of Lane. Within Lane’s interpretation and taxonomic constraints

recognized by Shinners on the basis of its deflexed (versus horizontal or ascending) heads; such plants occur in Texas, western Louisiana, and adjacent areas of

thorneae grows mostly in the Basin and Range province of Utah with populations in eastern Nevada, southern Idaho, and western Colorado. None. None. window

Sahkalin, the Kurile Islands and northern Japan (Hokkaido). It is one of only two species of the genus that have native populations in the Old World and the

..) suffixed to the date for the second and subsequent works in the set. The suffixes are assigned in order of editorial encounter and do not reflect actual

from the international border in Texas (B. J. Simpson et al. 1992). Quercus polymorpha is becoming available in the nursery trade in Texas and the southeastern

southwestern Wyoming, western Colorado, northwestern New Mexico, and northern Arizona. Populations of the species usually are scattered, with the plants rarely

Quercus sadleriana is one of the most distinctive western oaks, with strong similarities to certain eastern North American and Asian species of Quercus with

southwestern Utah and northwestern Arizona (and subsequently discovered in extreme southeastern Nevada), he indicated that its relationship to other western thistles

Canada from the Northwest Territories to British Columbia and Ontario. The name C. drummondii has been misapplied to a wide range of plants across the western

between Cirsium texanum and C. undulatum to explain anomalous specimens in the Edwards Plateau and trans-Pecos regions of western Texas. None. None. window

thistle is widespread in the Mojave and Sonoran deserts and ranges into the southern Great Basin desert, western Chihuahuan desert, and into adjacent mountains

remarkable sight. The hemispheric shrubs wholly and densely blanketed by bright white flowers and set against the deep red sands and sandy-clay hills in

, Utah. Cirsium tracyi occurs from eastern Utah and western Colorado south in the Colorado Plateau and southern Rocky Mountains to northwestern New Mexico

Wash. Cirsium brevifolium occurs in the Palouse prairie region of eastern Washington, eastern Oregon, and western Idaho. None. None. window.properties

ceratophorum is the most widespread native dandelion in North America, ranging from the low Arctic and boreal zone to the western Cordilleras, in the montane and

they have the ability, the barren rock surfaces separating the crevices tend to keep the plants compact, small, and isolated. Anatomically the stems of