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- between ribs or wings a rib or low sharp ridge. sw United States, n Mexico, ne Africa. Species 17 (12 in the flora). R. A. Levin (2000) showed that Selinocarpus7 KB (387 words) - 22:59, 5 November 2020
- H. G. A. Engler et al., eds. 1924+. Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien..., ed. 2. 26+ vols. Leipzig and Berlin. Vol. 16c, pp. 86–134. Levin, R. A. 2000.14 KB (1,274 words) - 22:57, 5 November 2020
- early branching of Ludwigia (R. A. Levin et al. 2003, 2004). This large and diverse lineage is distinguished by the presence of a floral tube beyond the apex3 KB (284 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
- Epilobieae, and Onagreae), the last two tribes form a clade that has very strong molecular support (R. A. Levin et al. 2003, 2004), but no obvious morphological3 KB (390 words) - 11:32, 9 May 2022
- Maytenus, Mortonia, Parnassia, Paxistima, Schaefferia R. Brown Jinshuang Ma, Peter W. Ball, Geoffrey A. Levin Common names: Staff-tree or Bittersweet Family Treatment7 KB (513 words) - 20:13, 5 November 2020
- support for the tribe is strong (97–100% BOOTSTRAP support; D. A. Baum et al. 1994; R. A. Levin et al. 2004). Endlicher established Epilobieae and included5 KB (601 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
- Pleradenophora, Ricinus, Stillingia, Tragia, Triadica, Vernicia Jussieu Geoffrey A. Levin, Lynn J. Gillespie Common names: Spurge Family Treatment appears in FNA18 KB (1,347 words) - 20:16, 5 November 2020
- morphological and molecular analyses (see R. A. Levin et al. 2003, 2004). Ludwigia is distinguished by the absence of a floral tube, persistence of sepals on2 KB (216 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
- four-angled capsules. Blakelock, R. A. 1951. A synopsis of the genus Euonymus L. Kew Bull. 6: 210–290. Ma, J. S. 2001. A revision of Euonymus (Celastraceae)6 KB (432 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
- lanceolata Show Lower Taxa Acleisanthes lanceolata var. lanceolata (Wooton) R. A. Levin Novon 12: 61. 2002. Jackie M. Poole Common names: Gyp moonpod Illustrated2 KB (90 words) - 18:02, 6 November 2020
- speciesCanotia holacantha Torrey ex A. Gray in J. C. Ives, Rep. Colorado R. 4: 15. 1861. Jinshuang Ma, Geoffrey A. Levin Common names: Crucifixion thorn Illustrated2 KB (180 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
- morphological characteristics. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 134: 441–450. Pooler, M. R., R. L. Dix, and J. Feely. 2002. Interspecific hybridizations between the native4 KB (301 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
- Taxa Canotia holacantha Torrey ex A. Gray in J. C. Ives, Rep. Colorado R. 4: 15. 1861. Jinshuang Ma, Geoffrey A. Levin Etymology: Spanish name in Mexico2 KB (212 words) - 20:13, 5 November 2020
- the interior deserts and bordering areas of the western United States. R. A. Levin et al. (2004) found strong molecular support for paraphyly in the broadly7 KB (613 words) - 23:29, 2 December 2022
- entire petals that taper to a distinct claw. Even though molecular support for sect. Phaeostoma is not strong (R. A. Levin et al. 2004), at this time it3 KB (339 words) - 11:32, 9 May 2022
- Taxa Breynia disticha J. R. Forster & G. Forster Char. Gen. Pl. ed. 2, 145, plate 73. 1776. name conserved Geoffrey A. Levin Common names: Snowbush Introduced3 KB (329 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
- basal split recognized in all phylogenetic studies (R. H. Eyde 1981; P. C. Hoch et al. 1993; R. A. Levin et al. 2003, 2004; V. S. Ford and L. D. Gottlieb12 KB (806 words) - 17:42, 2 December 2022
- Molecular studies with broad sampling in Onagreae (R. A. Levin et al. 2004) showed high support for a monophyletic Oenothera only when Calylophus, Gaura18 KB (1,909 words) - 17:56, 2 December 2022
- speciesCelastrus scandens Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 196. 1753. Jinshuang Ma, Geoffrey A. Levin Common names: American bittersweet IllustratedEndemic Treatment appears2 KB (161 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
- speciesAcleisanthes chenopodioides (A. Gray) R. A. Levin Novon 12: 60. 2002. Jackie M. Poole Illustrated Basionym: Selinocarpus chenopodioides A. Gray Amer. J. Sci. Arts3 KB (329 words) - 23:00, 5 November 2020
- familyEuphorbiaceae genusAcalypha speciesAcalypha gracilens A. Gray Manual, 408. 1848. Geoffrey A. Levin Common names: Slender threeseeded mercury WeedyIllustratedEndemic4 KB (372 words) - 20:14, 5 November 2020
- (G. D. Hoggard et al. 2004; R. A. Levin et al. 2004) place Gaura strongly within the Oenothera clade and equally strongly in a clade with other sections8 KB (718 words) - 23:15, 2 December 2022
- plus trnL-F (R. A. Levin et al. 2004), as was the segregation of Chamaenerion from Epilobium. In addition, both analyses strongly supported a clade that26 KB (1,416 words) - 17:40, 2 December 2022
- diffusa (A. Gray) R. A. Levin Novon 12: 61. 2002. Jackie M. Poole Common names: Spreading moonpod IllustratedEndemic Basionym: Selinocarpus diffusus A. Gray3 KB (247 words) - 22:59, 5 November 2020
- Taxa Glochidion puberum J. R. Forster & G. Forster Char. Gen. Pl. ed. 2, 113, plate 57. 1776. name conserved Geoffrey A. Levin Common names: Needlebush cheesetree4 KB (361 words) - 20:18, 5 November 2020
- genusBreynia speciesBreynia disticha J. R. Forster & G. Forster Char. Gen. Pl. ed. 2, 146, plate 73. 1776. Geoffrey A. Levin IntroducedIllustrated Synonyms: Breynia3 KB (240 words) - 20:13, 5 November 2020
- speciesAcalypha virginica Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 1003. 1753. name conserved Geoffrey A. Levin Common names: Virginia threeseeded mercury WeedyIllustratedEndemic Synonyms:4 KB (374 words) - 20:14, 5 November 2020
- Jinshuang Ma, Geoffrey A. Levin Common names: Oriental spindle-tree IntroducedIllustrated Basionym: Celastrus alatus Thunberg in J. A. Murray, Syst. Veg.3 KB (268 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
- rows per locule. R. A. Levin et al. (2004) included only one species each from Camissonia sects. Chylismia and Lignothera; the two formed a moderately supported6 KB (568 words) - 11:33, 9 May 2022
- Xerolobium (Raven). Molecular analyses (D. A. Baum et al. 1994; R. A. Levin et al. 2004) placed sect. Zauschneria (x = 15) in a well-supported clade with sects.5 KB (543 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
- remaining sections, as supported by recent molecular studies (D. A. Baum et al. 1994; R. A. Levin et al. 2004). Based on extensive crossing studies, it appears8 KB (1,136 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
- speciesFlueggea virosa subspeciesFlueggea virosa subsp. virosa Geoffrey A. Levin IntroducedIllustrated Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on3 KB (282 words) - 20:16, 5 November 2020
- type of A. virginica resolved the issue. This nomenclatural problem, combined with use of inappropriate characters to distinguish A. rhomboidea and A. virginica5 KB (546 words) - 20:14, 5 November 2020
- familyNyctaginaceae genusAcleisanthes speciesAcleisanthes angustifolia (Torrey) R. A. Levin Novon 12: 60. 2002. Jackie M. Poole Basionym: Selinocarpus angustifolius Torrey3 KB (224 words) - 23:00, 5 November 2020
- familyNyctaginaceae genusAcleisanthes speciesAcleisanthes parvifolia (Torrey) R. A. Levin Novon 12: 62. 2002. Jackie M. Poole Basionym: Selinocarpus diffusus var3 KB (219 words) - 22:59, 5 November 2020
- speciesCelastrus orbiculatus Thunberg in J. A. Murray, Syst. Veg. ed. 14, 237. 1784. Jinshuang Ma, Geoffrey A. Levin Common names: Oriental bittersweet WeedyIntroduced3 KB (185 words) - 20:16, 5 November 2020
- Chylismia does not occur west of the Cascade-Sierra Nevada axis. Because R. A. Levin et al. (2004) included only C. claviformis in their analysis, they did9 KB (621 words) - 23:27, 2 December 2022
- familyEuphorbiaceae genusAcalypha speciesAcalypha setosa A. Richard in R. Sagra, Hist. Fis. Cuba 11: 204. 1850. Geoffrey A. Levin Common names: Cuban copperleaf Introduced3 KB (315 words) - 20:16, 5 November 2020
- analyses place these genera into a single clade (C. J. Bult and E. A. Zimmer 1993; E. Conti et al. 1993; R. A. Levin et al. 2003, 2004; V. S. Ford and3 KB (270 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
- Handel-Mazzetti Symb. Sin. 7: 660. 1933. (as Evonymus) Jinshuang Ma, Geoffrey A. Levin Common names: Wintercreeper climbing euonymus Introduced Basionym: Elaeodendron3 KB (283 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
- europaeus Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 197. 1753. (as Evonymus) Jinshuang Ma, Geoffrey A. Levin Common names: European spindle-tree WeedyIntroduced Treatment appears in3 KB (234 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
- Hort. Bot. Vindob. 2: 55, plate 120. 1772/1773. Jinshuang Ma, Geoffrey A. Levin Common names: Burning-bush wahoo spindle-tree WeedyEndemic Synonyms: Euonymus3 KB (259 words) - 20:13, 5 November 2020
- each of whom acts as a liaison between the project and the botanical community in his or her region; (3) a bibliographic editor; (4) a nomenclatural and etymological7 KB (959 words) - 21:58, 23 January 2024
- Anogra is included within a strongly supported clade with the two species of sect. Kleinia in recent molecular studies (R. A. Levin et al. 2004; M. E. K. Evans7 KB (581 words) - 18:00, 4 January 2023
- as a variation from the typical Oenothera stigma, with the indusium enlarged and the lobes reduced (W. L. Wagner et al. 2007). Molecular studies (R. A5 KB (564 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
- speciesAcalypha poiretii Sprengel Syst. Veg. 3: 879. 1826. (as poireti) Geoffrey A. Levin Common names: Poiret’s copperleaf Basionym: Acalypha macrostachyos Poiret3 KB (339 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
- Click on a volume # for individual families, genera, contributors names and email addresses, and if the manuscript has been received. If a provisional44 KB (91 words) - 21:43, 7 May 2024
- 100% strong support for the section (R. A. Levin et al. 2004). The position of sect. Pachylophus was not supported as a member of the two main lineages within7 KB (575 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
- evening, straight floral tubes, and petals acute to rounded at apex. R. A. Levin et al. (2004) did not test this group’s monophyly, since they included6 KB (500 words) - 23:23, 2 December 2022
- based on molecular analyses of the Onagreae. Chylismiella was placed by R. A. Levin et al. (2004) sister to Gayophytum rather than with other groups placed4 KB (376 words) - 11:32, 9 May 2022