View source for Symphyotrichum lanceolatum

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Symphyotrichum lanceolatum
|accepted_authority=(Willdenow) G. L. Nesom
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Phytologia
|place=77: 284. 1995
|year=1995
}}
|common_names=Lance-leaved or panicled or white panicled aster;aster lancéolé
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Aster lanceolatus
|authority=Willdenow
|rank=species
|publication_title=Sp. Pl.
|publication_place=3: 2050. 1803
}}
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Asteraceae;Asteraceae tribe Astereae;Symphyotrichum;Symphyotrichum subg. Symphyotrichum;Symphyotrichum sect. Symphyotrichum;Symphyotrichum lanceolatum
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Asteraceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Asteraceae tribe Astereae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Symphyotrichum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Symphyotrichum subg. Symphyotrichum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Symphyotrichum sect. Symphyotrichum]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Symphyotrichum lanceolatum]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 20
|mention_page=page 466, 467, 469, 475, 477, 501, 509, 516
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Perennials,</b> 30–150(–200) cm, colonial; long-rhizomatous (rhizomes usually white, thick, contorted). <b>Stems</b> 1, erect (straight, stout), glabrous or hairy. <b>Leaves</b> thin, scabrous, apices mucronate, abaxial faces glabrous (vein areoles indistinct, elongate), adaxial glabrous or sparsely scabrous (<i></i>var.<i> hesperium</i>); basal withering by flowering, petiolate to subpetiolate (petioles winged, ciliate, bases dilated, sheathing), blades elliptic-oblanceolate or obovate to suborbiculate, 10–80 × 5–20 mm, cuneate to attenuate, margins crenate-serrate, apices acute to obtuse or rounded; proximal cauline withering by flowering, sessile or subsessile, blades lance-ovate or oblanceolate to linear-lanceolate, (40–)50–150 × (3–)10–20(–35) mm, progressively reduced distally, bases cuneate, ± decurrent, margins serrate, apices acute to acuminate; distal sessile, blades oblanceolate to linear, 30–100(–140) mm, only slightly reduced distally, bases cuneate, margins entire. <b>Heads</b> in ample or diffuse to narrow, elongate, leafy, paniculiform arrays, branches ± ascending, rarely secund, branch leaves often longer than pedicels. <b>Peduncles</b> 0.5–5 cm, ± pilose, bracts 1–3(–5), linear-oblanceolate to -lanceolate, foliaceous, ciliate. <b>Involucres</b> campanulate to cylindric, 3–8 mm. <b>Phyllaries</b> in (3–)4–6 series, appressed or slightly spreading, linear-lanceolate to linear (innermost), sometimes slightly dilated distally, ± strongly unequal to subequal (<i></i>var.<i> hesperium</i>), bases indurate 1/4–1/2, margins scarious, erose, hyaline, sparsely ciliolate, green zones lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, outer sometimes foliaceous (particularly <i></i>var.<i> hesperium</i>), apices acute to acuminate (outer) or acuminate to caudate (inner), mostly mucronulate, abaxial faces glabrous, adaxial sparsely strigillose. <b>Ray</b> florets 16–50; corollas white to pinkish or pale blue-violet, laminae 3–10(–14) × 0.5–1.3 mm. <b>Disc</b> florets (13–)20–40(–52); corollas yellow becoming purple, 2.8–5.8 mm, tubes shorter than funnelform throats, lobes sometimes ± spreading, triangular, 0.4–1.2 mm. <b>Cypselae</b> gray or tan, obovoid, ± compressed, 1.5–2 mm, 4–5-nerved, faces sparsely strigillose; pappi white to sordid or tawny, 5.5–6 mm.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;N.S.;N.W.T.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Mass.;Md.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Mont.;N.C.;N.Dak.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;Nebr.;Nev.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Va.;Vt.;W.Va.;Wash.;Wis.;Wyo.;introduced in Europe.
|discussion=<p>Varieties 5 (5 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Varieties of <i>Symphyotrichum lanceolatum</i> are sometimes grouped into two subspecies: <i></i>subsp.<i> hesperium</i> (<i></i>var.<i> hesperium</i>) and <i></i>subsp.<i> lanceolatum</i> (the other four varieties). J. C. Semple and J. G. Chmielewski (1987) provided maps of the five taxa. The ranges of <i></i>var.<i> hesperium</i> and <i></i>var.<i> lanceolatum</i> overlap in the prairies and in the boreal zone from Alberta to the Clay Belt of northern Ontario. The ranges of the other three varieties do not overlap with that of <i></i>var.<i> hesperium</i>, but they all overlap each other and with <i></i>var.<i> lanceolatum</i> in the Midwest. The ecology and cytogeography of the species were summarized by Chmielewski and Semple (2001). The name <i>Aster</i> tradescantii has sometimes been misapplied to this species.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=semple1987a
|text=Semple, J. C. and J. G. Chmielewski. 1987. Revision of the Aster lanceolatus complex, including A. simplex and A. hesperius (Compositae: Astereae): A multivariate morphometric study. Canad. J. Bot. 65: 1047–1062.
}}
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Outer phyllaries 2/3 + length of inner ones; heads usually subtended by large foliaceous bracts; cordilleras and prairies (subsp. hesperium)
|[[Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. hesperium|Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. hesperium]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Outer phyllaries 1/3 – 2/3 length of inner ones; heads not usually subtended by large foliaceous bracts; prairies eastwards (subsp. lanceolatum)
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Stems stout, moderately to densely short-woolly from bases; Great Lakes region to se Manitoba
|[[Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. hirsuticaule|Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. hirsuticaule]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Stems stout to slender, glabrous or at most hairy in lines at bases
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Heads congested on lateral branches of arrays; involucres 3–4 mm; midwestern United States, s Ontario, s Quebec
|[[Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. interior|Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. interior]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Heads not congested or congested only distally on lateral branches of arrays; involucres 3.6–5.6 mm (mostly longer than 4 mm)
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Leaves broadly oblanceolate, not much reduced in arrays; involucres usually 4–5.5 mm; rays white
|[[Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. latifolium|Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. latifolium]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Leaves linear to oblanceolate, reduced in arrays; involucres 3.5–5(–6) mm; rays white to purplish
|[[Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. lanceolatum|Symphyotrichum lanceolatum var. lanceolatum]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Symphyotrichum lanceolatum
|authority=(Willdenow) G. L. Nesom
|rank=species
|parent rank=section
|synonyms=
|basionyms=Aster lanceolatus
|family=Asteraceae
|distribution=Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;N.S.;N.W.T.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Ala.;Ariz.;Ark.;Calif.;Colo.;Conn.;D.C.;Fla.;Ga.;Idaho;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;La.;Maine;Mass.;Md.;Mich.;Minn.;Miss.;Mo.;Mont.;N.C.;N.Dak.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Mex.;N.Y.;Nebr.;Nev.;Ohio;Okla.;Oreg.;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;S.Dak.;Tenn.;Tex.;Utah;Va.;Vt.;W.Va.;Wash.;Wis.;Wyo.;introduced in Europe.
|reference=semple1987a
|publication title=Phytologia
|publication year=1995
|special status=Illustrated
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V19-20-21/V20_1155.xml
|tribe=Asteraceae tribe Astereae
|genus=Symphyotrichum
|subgenus=Symphyotrichum subg. Symphyotrichum
|section=Symphyotrichum sect. Symphyotrichum
|species=Symphyotrichum lanceolatum
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Symphyotrichum sect. Symphyotrichum]]