View source for Trillium simile

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Trillium simile
|accepted_authority=Gleason
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Bull. Torrey Bot. Club
|place=33: 391. 1906
|year=1906
}}
|common_names=Sweet white trillium;confusing trillium
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Trillium vaseyi var. simile
|authority=(Gleason) Barksdale
}}
|hierarchy=Liliaceae;Trillium;Trillium subg. Trillium;Trillium simile
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Liliaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Trillium]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Trillium subg. Trillium]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Trillium simile]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 26
|mention_page=page 104
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Rhizomes </b>forming clumps, stout, praemorse. <b>Scapes</b> 1–many, round in cross section, 3–6 dm, stout, glabrous. <b>Bracts</b> sessile to subsessile; blade green, major veins prominent, rhombic, 10–18 × 10–20 cm, not glossy, tapered basally, apex short-acuminate. <b>Flower</b> above bracts, erect to mostly leaning, odor faintly sweet, applelike; perianth gaping, strongly 3-dimensional; sepals spreading, green, flat, oblanceolate-lanceolate, 20–40 × 6–15 mm, margins entire, apex mildly sulcate; petals spreading-ascending, not recurved to weakly so at tip, creamy white, flat, adaxial veins faintly engraved, ovate to ovate-orbicular, 4–7+ × 1.5–4 cm, 1.5 times as long as sepals, heavy-textured, base rounded, margins entire, apex acuminate; stamens erect to weakly recurved, 7–20 mm; filaments purple or brownish, shorter than anthers, slender; anthers weakly recurved, yellow with brown undertones, 6–20 mm, longer than ovary, slender, dehiscence introrse; connectives purple-brown, not extending beyond anther sacs; ovary dark purplish black, pyramidal at anthesis, very strongly 6-angled, 7–12 mm, widely attached basally; stigmas short, mildly recurved, distinct, purple or yellow, not lobed adaxially, 2–5.5 mm, fleshy, basally widened to gradually tapered; pedicel ± erect to mostly leaning, 4–9 cm. <b>Fruits</b> baccate, dark purplish black, odorless, orbicular, 1–1.5 cm diam., fleshy, not juicy.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering mid spring (Apr–May).
|habitat=Rich coves of mature forests, edges of Rhododendron thickets and at edges of forests, in moist humus soil
|elevation=500–700 m
|distribution=Ga.;N.C.;Tenn.
|discussion=<p>A recent study of matK gene sequencing (S. Kazempour Osaloo et al. 1999) placed <i>Trillium simile</i> with the <i>T. grandiflorum</i> group and <i>T. catesbaei</i>, which has united styles and white-angled ovaries, not with the <i>T. erectum</i> group. In my opinion, this may reflect an error in labeling samples, for <i>T. simile</i> has the dark, round ovary with three, separate, subulate stigmas and other characteristics of the <i>T. erectum</i> alliance. Also, it hybridizes with <i>T. erectum</i> and other species of that alliance. L. Barksdale (1938) described a complex of forms that he considered to be the result of such hybridization. I have seen such complexes near Maryville, Tennessee, where <i>T. simile</i> and <i>T. erectum</i> forma album occur together with a full range of intergrades between the two. <i>Trillium catesbaei</i> and the species related to <i>T. grandiflorum</i> do not hybridize with any species, and all have slightly to clearly fused, linear styles.</p><!--
--><p>Clearly <i>Trillium simile</i> is closely related to <i>T. vaseyi</i> and <i>T. erectum</i>, but it seems to be a distinct species, though somewhat difficult to identify when not in its most robust condition.</p><!--
--><p>J. K. Small (1933) reported <i>Trillium simile</i> to be deliciously fragrant, a quality I have not noticed in my plants.</p>
|tables=
|references=
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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Trillium simile
|author=
|authority=Gleason
|rank=species
|parent rank=subgenus
|synonyms=Trillium vaseyi var. simile
|basionyms=
|family=Liliaceae
|phenology=Flowering mid spring (Apr–May).
|habitat=Rich coves of mature forests, edges of Rhododendron thickets and at edges of forests, in moist humus soil
|elevation=500–700 m
|distribution=Ga.;N.C.;Tenn.
|reference=None
|publication title=Bull. Torrey Bot. Club
|publication year=1906
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V26/V26_114.xml
|genus=Trillium
|subgenus=Trillium subg. Trillium
|species=Trillium simile
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Trillium subg. Trillium]]