View source for Euphorbia tithymaloides subsp. smallii

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Euphorbia tithymaloides subsp. smallii
|accepted_authority=(Millspaugh) V. W. Steinmann
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Acta Bot. Mex.
|place=65: 50. 2003
|year=2003
}}
|common_names=Jacob’s ladder;devil’s backbone;redbird flower
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Pedilanthus smallii
|authority=Millspaugh
|rank=species
|publication_title=Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser.
|publication_place=2: 358. 1913
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=P. tithymaloides subsp. smallii
|authority=(Millspaugh) Dressler
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Tithymalus smallii
|authority=(Millspaugh) Small
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Euphorbiaceae;Euphorbia;Euphorbia sect. Crepidaria;Euphorbia tithymaloides;Euphorbia tithymaloides subsp. smallii
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Euphorbiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Euphorbia]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Euphorbia sect. Crepidaria]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Euphorbia tithymaloides]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subspecies</small>[[Euphorbia tithymaloides subsp. smallii]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 12
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 294
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs.</b> Stems 0.7–2 m. <b>Leaves</b>: stipules dark brown, 0.5–0.6 × 0.5–0.6 mm; petiole 1.5–5 mm; blade usually elliptic- to lance-ovate, 25–70 × 13–32 mm, occasionally bractlike, 8–15 × 3.5–5 mm, base cuneate, apex acuminate, acute or narrowly obtuse, abaxial surface sparsely pilose-puberulent, adaxial surface glabrate or sparsely puberulent; midvein prominent, keeled or winged adaxially. <b>Cyathia</b>: peduncle 6–9 mm; bracts red or pink, oblong-lanceolate to oblong-ovate, 5–7 × 2–3 mm, apex acute or acuminate. <b>Involucre</b> red or pink, 8.5–12 mm; glands: medial slightly reniform, subquadrate to oblong, 0.8–1.2 × 0.7–0.8 mm, lateral irregularly ovate or oblong, 1–1.2 × 0.6–1 mm; appendages pink or red. <b>Pistillate</b> flowers: styles 5–6 mm. <b>Seeds</b> 3.3 × 2.7 mm, faintly keeled dorsally, base rounded, apex apiculate.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering and fruiting winter–early spring.
|habitat=Pinelands, hammocks.
|elevation=0–10 m.
|distribution=Fla.;West Indies (Cuba).
|discussion=<p>Subspecies smallii is widely cultivated and was likely transported extensively by Spanish explorers very early but appears to be native to coastal areas of southern Florida and Matanzas in northern Cuba. Fieldwork suggests that several if not all Florida populations have apparently been extirpated due to development and human activity on Chokoloskee Island in the Florida Keys.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Euphorbia tithymaloides subsp. smallii
|authority=(Millspaugh) V. W. Steinmann
|rank=subspecies
|parent rank=species
|synonyms=P. tithymaloides subsp. smallii;Tithymalus smallii
|basionyms=Pedilanthus smallii
|family=Euphorbiaceae
|phenology=Flowering and fruiting winter–early spring.
|habitat=Pinelands, hammocks.
|elevation=0–10 m.
|distribution=Fla.;West Indies (Cuba).
|reference=None
|publication title=Acta Bot. Mex.
|publication year=2003
|special status=Illustrated
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/eaa6e58056e40c9ef614d8f47aea294977a1a5e9/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V12/V12_593.xml
|genus=Euphorbia
|section=Euphorbia sect. Crepidaria
|species=Euphorbia tithymaloides
|subspecies=Euphorbia tithymaloides subsp. smallii
}}<!--

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