View source for Jatropha macrorhiza

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Jatropha macrorhiza
|accepted_authority=Bentham
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Pl. Hartw.,
|place=8. 1839
|year=1839
}}
|common_names=Jirawilla;jicamilla;bahada;ragged nettlespurge
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Jatropha arizonica
|authority=I. M. Johnston
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=J. macrorhiza var. septemfida
|authority=Englemann
|rank=variety
}}
|hierarchy=Euphorbiaceae;Jatropha;Jatropha macrorhiza
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Euphorbiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Jatropha]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Jatropha macrorhiza]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 12
|mention_page=page 199, 202
|treatment_page=page 201
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> perennial, to 0.5 m, monoecious, with ± fleshy subterranean caudex to 11 cm diam., stem and root scars round. <b>Stems</b> erect, green, usually sparsely branched, herbaceous, somewhat succulent, glabrous; short shoots absent; latex watery, colorless. <b>Leaves</b> ± evenly distributed on long shoots; stipules persistent, 4–10 mm, filiform-divided; petiole 4.8–10.5(–13.5) cm, not stipitate-glandular; blade cordate in outline, 11–16 × 9.3–11.2 cm, (3–)5–7(–9)-lobed to middle, base cordate, margins coarsely dentate, apex acuminate, membranous, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial glabrous, except puberulent on veins, margins sometimes puberulent or with setae; venation palmate. <b>Inflorescences</b> bisexual, terminal and subterminal, cymes; peduncle 1.5–4.5 cm; bracts (6–)8–16 mm, margins serrate, glabrous. <b>Pedicels</b> 2.5–4 mm. <b>Staminate</b> flowers: sepals distinct or connate to 1/2 length, lanceolate, 5–7 × 1–2 mm, margins deeply divided, apex acuminate, surfaces glabrous; corolla light pink, often with white striations, rotate, petals distinct or connate 1/4 length, 8–11.5 × 2.5–4.5 mm, surfaces glabrous; stamens 8(–9) in 2 whorls (5 + 3); filaments of outer whorl distinct, of inner whorl connate to 1/2 length, outer whorl 3.5–6 mm, inner whorl 4.5–9 mm. <b>Pistillate</b> flowers resembling staminate, but slightly larger; carpels 3; styles distinct or connate only at base, 3.5–4 mm. <b>Capsules</b> ± spheric, 1.2–1.3 × 1.2–1.3 cm, distinctly 3-lobed, explosively dehiscent. <b>Seeds</b> pale gray, ellipsoidal, 8–9 × 6–6.5 mm; caruncle prominent. <b>2n</b> = 22.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering and fruiting spring–summer.
|habitat=Hillsides, mesas, sandy washes.
|elevation=1000–2600 m.
|distribution=Ariz.;N.Mex.;Tex.;Mexico (Chihuahua;Sonora).
|discussion=<p><i>Jatropha macrorhiza</i> is known in Texas only from a single collection made in Presidio County in 1938; it is common in nearby Chihuahua and appears to be native to trans-Pecos Texas, but may now be extirpated there.</p><!--
--><p>Plants from the United States often have been called var. septemfida, named in reference to having seven (as opposed to five) leaf lobes or segments. However, leaf segment number varies, even on the same plant, from four to nine (usually five to seven). Hence, a distinct variety cannot be recognized. R. McVaugh (1945) reported this species to have ten stamens; I have not seen any live or herbarium specimens with ten; two collections have recorded nine.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Jatropha macrorhiza
|authority=Bentham
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Jatropha arizonica;J. macrorhiza var. septemfida
|basionyms=
|family=Euphorbiaceae
|phenology=Flowering and fruiting spring–summer.
|habitat=Hillsides, mesas, sandy washes.
|elevation=1000–2600 m.
|distribution=Ariz.;N.Mex.;Tex.;Mexico (Chihuahua;Sonora).
|reference=None
|publication title=Pl. Hartw.,
|publication year=1839
|special status=Illustrated
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/eaa6e58056e40c9ef614d8f47aea294977a1a5e9/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V12/V12_744.xml
|genus=Jatropha
|species=Jatropha macrorhiza
}}<!--

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