View source for Cystopteris tenuis

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Cystopteris tenuis
|accepted_authority=(Michaux) Desvaux
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|place=6: 264. 1827
|year=1827
}}
|common_names=Mackay's brittle fern;cystoptère ténue
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Nephrodium tenue
|authority=Michaux
|rank=species
|publication_title=Fl. Bor.-Amer.
|publication_place=2: 269. 1803
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Cystopteris fragilis var. mackayi
|authority=G. Lawson
|rank=variety
}}
|hierarchy=Dryopteridaceae;Cystopteris;Cystopteris tenuis
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Dryopteridaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Cystopteris]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Cystopteris tenuis]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 2
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Stems </b>creeping, not cordlike, internodes short, beset with old petiole bases, hairs absent; scales tan to light brown, lanceolate, radial walls thin, luminae tan. <b>Leaves</b> monomorphic, clustered at stem apex, to 40 cm, nearly all bearing sori. <b>Petiole</b> dark at base, mostly green to straw-colored distally, shorter than or nearly equaling blade, base sparsely scaly. <b>Blade</b> lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 1(–2)-pinnate-pinnatifid, widest at or just below middle, apex short-attenuate; rachis and costae lacking gland-tipped hairs or bulblets; axils of pinnae lacking multicellular, gland-tipped hairs. <b>Pinnae</b> typically at acute angle to rachis, often curving toward blade apex, margins crenulate; proximal pinnae pinnatifid to pinnate-pinnatifid, ± equilateral, basiscopic pinnules not enlarged; basal basiscopic pinnules sessile, base cuneate to obtuse, distal pinnae ovate to narrowly elliptic. <b>Veins</b> directed into teeth and notches. <b>Indusia</b> ovate to cup-shaped, without gland-tipped hairs. <b>Spores</b> spiny, usually 39–50 µm. <b>2n</b> = 168.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Sporulating summer–fall.
|habitat=Mostly on shaded rock and cliff faces but also occasionally on forest floors
|elevation=0–2800 m
|distribution=N.B.;N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Ark.;Ariz.;Conn.;Del.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;Tenn.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.
|discussion=<p>Long recognized as <i>Cystopteris fragilis</i> var. mackayi, <i>C. tenuis</i> was returned to species status by R. C. Moran (1983b). It is probably an allotetraploid originating from <i>C. protrusa</i> and an extinct diploid related to <i>C. fragilis</i> (C. H. Haufler 1985; C. H. Haufler and M. D. Windham 1991).</p><!--
--><p><i>Cystopteris tenuis</i> is common in eastern North America and less frequent at the northern and western perimeter of its range. In the center of its distribution (Minnesota, Iowa, Illinois, Wisconsin, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania), the narrow, elliptic pinnae angled toward the blade apex and the rounded teeth make <i>C. tenuis</i> relatively distinct from <i>C. fragilis</i> and <i>C. protrusa</i> (although the early season, sterile leaves of <i>C. protrusa</i> often resemble those of <i>C. tenuis</i>). In the west and especially in the northeast, <i>C. tenuis</i> and <i>C. fragilis</i> are difficult to distinguish. For the most part, <i>C. fragilis</i> is confined to higher latitudes and elevations than <i>C. tenuis</i>, but the two species can be sympatric and occasionally form sterile tetraploid hybrids. <i>Cystopteris protrusa</i> and <i>C. tenuis</i> are infrequently sympatric, but where they are, sterile triploid hybrids can occur. Hybrids between <i>C. tenuis</i> and <i>C. tennesseensis</i> are recognized as C. × wagneri (R. C. Moran 1983). Hybridization between <i>C. tenuis</i> and <i>C. bulbifera</i> has also been reported (R. C. Moran 1982b). This hybrid, C. × illinoensis R. C. Moran, is known only from the type and needs to be studied further.</p>
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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Cystopteris tenuis
|authority=(Michaux) Desvaux
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Cystopteris fragilis var. mackayi
|basionyms=Nephrodium tenue
|family=Dryopteridaceae
|phenology=Sporulating summer–fall.
|habitat=Mostly on shaded rock and cliff faces but also occasionally on forest floors
|elevation=0–2800 m
|distribution=N.B.;N.S.;Ont.;Que.;Ark.;Ariz.;Conn.;Del.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Kans.;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;Mo.;Nebr.;Nev.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Okla.;Pa.;R.I.;Tenn.;Utah;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.
|reference=None
|publication title=
|publication year=1827
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/eaa6e58056e40c9ef614d8f47aea294977a1a5e9/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V2/V2_663.xml
|genus=Cystopteris
|species=Cystopteris tenuis
}}<!--

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