View source for Amelanchier laevis

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Amelanchier laevis
|accepted_authority=Wiegand
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Rhodora
|place=14: 154, plate 96, figs. 7A–G. 1912
|year=1912
}}
|common_names=Smooth shadbush;amélanchier glabre
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=F
|label=Illustrated
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Amelanchier arborea subsp. laevis
|authority=(Wiegand) S. M. McKay ex P. Landry
|rank=subspecies
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=A. arborea var. laevis
|authority=(Wiegand) H. E. Ahles
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=A. laevis var. nitida
|authority=(Wiegand) Fernald
|rank=variety
}}
|hierarchy=Rosaceae;Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae;Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae;Amelanchier;Amelanchier laevis
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Rosaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Amelanchier]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Amelanchier laevis]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 9
|mention_page=page 647, 648, 649, 654, 655, 657, 658, 659, 660
|treatment_page=page 661
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Shrubs </b>or trees, 2–25 m. <b>Stems</b> 1–20, fastigiate, solitary or in colonies. <b>Leaves</b> less than half-unfolded; petiole (7–)15–26(–36) mm; blade elliptic to ovate to oblong or obovate, (32–)48–75(–100) × (19–)29–42(–60) mm, base subcordate to rounded, each margin with (0–)10–23(–38) teeth on proximal 1/2 and (1–)5–9(–13) teeth in distalmost cm, largest teeth less than 1 mm, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface glabrous (or sparsely hairy) by flowering, surfaces glabrous later. <b>Inflorescences</b> (4–)7–11(–14)-flowered, (25–)43–65(–85) mm. <b>Pedicels</b>: 0 or 1(or 2) subtended by a leaf, proximalmost (7–)15–28(–41) mm. <b>Flowers</b>: sepals spreading to recurved after flowering, (1.9–)2.8–4(–5.3) mm; petals linear-oblong, (8–)12.5–17.3(–22.5) × (2.9–)3.9–5.7(–7.5) mm; stamens (14–)19–21(–24); styles (4 or)5(or 6), (2.5–)3.3–4.4(–5.3) mm; ovary apex glabrous (or sparsely hairy). <b>Pomes</b> dark purple, 8–15 mm diam. <b>2n</b> = 2x, 4x.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering Apr–Jun; fruiting Jun–Jul.
|habitat=Dry to moist, deciduous, mixed, and coniferous forests, fields, thickets, roadsides
|elevation=0–2000 m
|distribution=St. Pierre and Miquelon;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Ala.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.
|discussion=<p><i>Amelanchier laevis</i> is common through much of its range and readily identified by its typically arborescent habit, leaves that are reddish and glabrous by flowering, and relatively long inflorescences, pedicels, and petals. Southeastern United States populations tend to be restricted to high elevations. The relationship to its closest relative, <i>A. arborea</i>, is discussed under the latter.</p><!--
--><p><i>Amelanchier laevis</i> frequently hybridizes with congeners, including <i>A. arborea</i>, <i>A. bartramiana</i>, <i>A. canadensis</i>, <i>A. humilis</i>, <i>A. interior</i>, <i>A. sanguinea</i>, and <i>A. spicata</i> (M. L. Fernald 1950; L. Cinq-Mars 1971). J. E. Cruise (1964) documented hybrid swarms between <i>A. laevis</i> and both <i>A. arborea</i> and <i>A. canadensis</i> in New Jersey. The hybrid with <i>A. bartramiana</i> can usually be found when these two species grow together (J. E. Weber and C. S. Campbell 1989). The hybrid with <i>A. arborea</i>, A. ×grandiflora Rehder, is used ornamentally.</p><!--
--><p>A. C. Dibble et al. (1998) concluded that <i>Amelanchier laevis</i> is possibly one of the parents of A. "rubra,” an entity that is morphologically distinct. This entity is a tetraploid shrub with stems to 3.5 m and usually colonial, leaves that are reddish and glabrous at flowering, and petals that are often faintly reddish and slightly twisted. Ovary apices are mostly sparsely hairy, but may also be densely hairy or glabrous. Quantitative analysis places A. “rubra” between the cluster of <i>A. laevis</i> plus <i>A. intermedia</i> on the one hand and <i>A. nantucketensis</i> or <i>A. spicata</i> on the other (Dibble et al.). It is possible that this entity could be a hybrid with one of these arborescent species (<i>A. laevis</i> and <i>A. intermedia</i>) plus one of the shrub species (<i>A. nantucketensis</i> and <i>A. spicata</i>). The authors have located populations of A. “rubra” on Mount Desert Island and eastward for about 120 km along the Maine coast. The authors have observed plants that appear to be F1s of this entity and later-generation hybrids with <i>A. bartramiana</i> as one of the parents.</p><!--
--><p><i>Amelanchier laevis</i> has been documented to be self-compatible and to produce seeds asexually (C. S. Campbell et al. 1985; A. C. Dibble et al. 1998).</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Amelanchier laevis
|authority=Wiegand
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Amelanchier arborea subsp. laevis;A. arborea var. laevis;A. laevis var. nitida
|basionyms=
|family=Rosaceae
|phenology=Flowering Apr–Jun; fruiting Jun–Jul.
|habitat=Dry to moist, deciduous, mixed, and coniferous forests, fields, thickets, roadsides
|elevation=0–2000 m
|distribution=St. Pierre and Miquelon;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Ala.;Conn.;Del.;D.C.;Ga.;Ill.;Ind.;Iowa;Ky.;Maine;Md.;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;N.C.;Ohio;Pa.;R.I.;S.C.;Tenn.;Vt.;Va.;W.Va.;Wis.
|reference=None
|publication title=Rhodora
|publication year=1912
|special status=Endemic;Illustrated
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V9/V9_1136.xml
|subfamily=Rosaceae subfam. Amygdaloideae
|tribe=Rosaceae tribe Gillenieae
|genus=Amelanchier
|species=Amelanchier laevis
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Amelanchier]]