View source for Euphorbia terracina

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Euphorbia terracina
|accepted_authority=Linnaeus
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Sp. Pl. ed.
|place=2, 1: 654. 1762
|year=1762
}}
|common_names=Terracina or carnation spurge
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=W
|label=Weedy
}}{{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=I
|label=Introduced
}}
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Tithymalus terracinus
|authority=(Linnaeus) Klotzsch & Garcke
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Euphorbiaceae;Euphorbia;Euphorbia subg. Esula;Euphorbia terracina
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Euphorbiaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Euphorbia]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Euphorbia subg. Esula]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Euphorbia terracina]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 12
|mention_page=page 296
|treatment_page=page 310
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Herbs,</b> perennial or biennial, with taproot. <b>Stems</b> erect, unbranched or branched, 10–100 cm, glabrous. <b>Leaves</b>: petiole absent; blade linear, linear-lanceolate, oblong-elliptic, or obovate, 4–50 × 2–10 mm, base obtuse or truncate, margins finely serrulate, apex acute, obtuse, or truncate, sometimes mucronulate, surfaces glabrous; venation inconspicuous, only midvein prominent. <b>Cyathial</b> arrangement: terminal pleiochasial branches 2–5, each 1–5 times 2-branched; pleiochasial bracts lanceolate, elliptic or ovate, similar in size to distal leaves; dichasial bracts distinct, ovate to subreniform, base cuneate to cordate, margins finely serrulate, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded, sometimes mucronulate or cuspidate; axillary cymose branches 0–7. <b>Cyathia</b>: peduncle 1–3 mm. <b>Involucre</b> cupulate to slightly turbinate, 1.1–2 × 1.3–1.5 mm, glabrous or puberulent; glands 4, elliptic to trapezoidal, 0.6–0.8 × 1–2 mm; horns slightly convergent to divergent, 1–2 mm. <b>Staminate</b> flowers 15–20. <b>Pistillate</b> flowers: ovary glabrous; styles 1–1.8 mm, 2-fid. <b>Capsules</b> depressed-globose, 2.5–3 × 3–4.5 mm, deeply 3-lobed; cocci rounded to subangular, smooth, glabrous; columella 1.9–2.3 mm. <b>Seeds</b> pale gray, subovoid, 1.6–2.4 × 1.3–1.8 mm, smooth; caruncle boat-shaped, 0.4–0.6 × 0.4–0.6 mm.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Flowering and fruiting spring–summer.
|habitat=Edges of cultivated fields and woodlands, roadsides, waste areas, pastures, coastal bluffs, dunes, riparian areas.
|elevation=0–300 m.
|distribution=Calif.;Europe;introduced also in Mexico;s Africa;Australia.
|introduced=true
|discussion=<p><i>Euphorbia terracina</i> is native to the Mediterranean region of Europe. This species is invasive and spreading rapidly, displacing native coastal scrub in southern California, and has been listed as a noxious weed by that state.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Euphorbia terracina
|authority=Linnaeus
|rank=species
|parent rank=subgenus
|synonyms=Tithymalus terracinus
|basionyms=
|family=Euphorbiaceae
|phenology=Flowering and fruiting spring–summer.
|habitat=Edges of cultivated fields and woodlands, roadsides, waste areas, pastures, coastal bluffs, dunes, riparian areas.
|elevation=0–300 m.
|distribution=Calif.;Europe;introduced also in Mexico;s Africa;Australia.
|introduced=true
|reference=None
|publication title=Sp. Pl. ed.
|publication year=1762
|special status=Weedy;Introduced
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/bb6b7e3a7de7d3b7888a1ad48c7fd8f5c722d8d6/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V12/V12_1087.xml
|genus=Euphorbia
|subgenus=Euphorbia subg. Esula
|species=Euphorbia terracina
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Euphorbia subg. Esula]]