Buddleja madagascariensis

Lamarck

in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. 1: 513. 1785. (as Budleia)

Common names: Smoke bush
Introduced
Synonyms: Nicodemia madagascariensis (Lamarck) R. Parker
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 329. Mentioned on page 328, 330.

Shrubs, climbing, sarmentose, 20–50 dm. Stems branched, tomentose. Leaves often with globular stipular lines; petiole 5–15 mm; blade ovate to elliptic, 8–15 × 2–5 cm, base rounded, margins entire, apex acuminate, abaxial surface tomentose, adaxial glabrous or glabrate. Inflorescences terminal, tapering-spicate thyrses, 5–25 × 3–5 cm, cymes 10–25 pairs, 5–15-flowered. Pedicels essentially absent; bracteoles present. Flowers slightly fragrant; calyx tomentose externally, tube 2–3 mm, lobes 0.5–1 mm; corolla yellowish orange, salverform, tube 7–9 mm, lobes suborbiculate, 2.5–3.5 × 2–3 mm; stamens inserted proximal to throat of corolla tube, included in tube; ovary subglobular, 1–1.5 mm, tomentose at tip; stigma clavate, 1–1.5 mm. Fruits berries, bluish purple, globular, 2.5–5 × 2.5–5 mm, papillose, indehiscent. Seeds ovoid, 0.6–0.9 × 0.5–0.6 mm, wings absent. 2n = 38.


Phenology: Flowering Mar–May; fruiting not known in continental United States.
Habitat: Roadsides.
Elevation: 10–20 m.

Distribution

Introduced; Fla., Indian Ocean Islands (Madagascar), introduced also in Mexico, West Indies (Cuba, Puerto Rico), South America (Argentina, Uruguay), Europe (Greece), Africa (Republic of South Africa), Indian Ocean Islands (Mauritius, Réunion), Pacific Islands (Fiji, Hawaii, New Caledonia, New Zealand), Australia.

Discussion

Buddleja madagascariensis is considered a serious invader in Hawaii at 900–1200 m, where it sets abundant fruits (Hawaii Invasive Species Council, https://dlnr.hawaii.gov/hisc/info/species/smoke-bush/); this contrasts with the report by A. J. M. Leeuwenberg (1979) that he had observed specimens with fruits only from Crete, Madagascar, and Mauritius.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Buddleja madagascariensis"
Eliane Meyer Norman +
Lamarck +
Smoke bush +
Fla. +, Indian Ocean Islands (Madagascar) +, introduced also in Mexico +, West Indies (Cuba +, Puerto Rico) +, South America (Argentina +, Uruguay) +, Europe (Greece) +, Africa (Republic of South Africa) +, Indian Ocean Islands (Mauritius +, Réunion) +, Pacific Islands (Fiji +, Hawaii +, New Caledonia +, New Zealand) +  and Australia. +
10–20 m. +
Roadsides. +
Flowering Mar–May +  and fruiting not known in continental United States. +
in J. Lamarck et al., Encycl. +
Introduced +
Nicodemia madagascariensis +
Buddleja madagascariensis +
Buddleja +
species +