Difference between revisions of "Cyperus melanostachyus"
Fl. Peruv. 1: 47. 1798.
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|name=Cyperus diandrus var. castaneus | |name=Cyperus diandrus var. castaneus | ||
|authority=S. Watson | |authority=S. Watson | ||
| + | |rank=variety | ||
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=Cyperus melanostachyus | |name=Cyperus melanostachyus | ||
|authority=Kunth | |authority=Kunth | ||
| + | |rank=species | ||
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | }} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym | ||
|name=Cyperus niger var. castaneus | |name=Cyperus niger var. castaneus | ||
|authority=(S. Watson) Kükenthal | |authority=(S. Watson) Kükenthal | ||
| + | |rank=variety | ||
}} | }} | ||
|hierarchy=Cyperaceae;Cyperus;Cyperus subg. Pycreus;Cyperus niger | |hierarchy=Cyperaceae;Cyperus;Cyperus subg. Pycreus;Cyperus niger | ||
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|elevation=0–1200 m | |elevation=0–1200 m | ||
|distribution=Ariz.;Calif.;N.Mex.;Okla.;Tex.;Mexico;Central America;South America. | |distribution=Ariz.;Calif.;N.Mex.;Okla.;Tex.;Mexico;Central America;South America. | ||
| − | |discussion=<p>Six varieties (<i>Cyperus niger</i> var. niger, var. castaneus, < | + | |discussion=<p>Six varieties (<i>Cyperus niger</i> var. niger, var. castaneus, <i></i>var.<i> robustus</i>, var. lorentizianus, var. intricate-ramosus, and var. pseudo-elegantulus) were recognized by G. Kükenthal (1935–1936). Based on field observations and measurements of hundreds of collections from Mexico, where the species is most plentiful, it does not seem possible to recognize any of the infraspecific taxa (G. C. Tucker 1983, 1994; G. C. Tucker and R. McVaugh 1993).</p> |
|tables= | |tables= | ||
|references= | |references= | ||
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-->{{#Taxon: | -->{{#Taxon: | ||
name=Cyperus niger | name=Cyperus niger | ||
| − | |||
|authority=Ruiz & Pavón | |authority=Ruiz & Pavón | ||
|rank=species | |rank=species | ||
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|publication year=1798 | |publication year=1798 | ||
|special status= | |special status= | ||
| − | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/ | + | |source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f50eec43f223ca0e34566be0b046453a0960e173/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V23/V23_254.xml |
|genus=Cyperus | |genus=Cyperus | ||
|subgenus=Cyperus subg. Pycreus | |subgenus=Cyperus subg. Pycreus | ||
Revision as of 21:06, 16 December 2019
Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous. Culms solitary or close together, trigonous, 5–40(–95) cm, glabrous. Leaves (2–)3–7, broadly V-shaped, 3–20(–30) cm × 1.5–3 mm. Inflorescences: spikes loosely to densely ovoid to hemispheric, 7–16 mm diam.; rachis 1–2 mm, or absent; rays 1–2, 3–45 mm; if rays absent, inflorescence sessile, dense, 6–20 mm diam; bracts 2–3, horizontal to reflexed downward, broadly V-shaped, 1–15 cm × 1–3 mm. Spikelets (3–)5–25(–60), linear to oblong-linear, (3–)5–9 × 1.8–2.3 mm; floral scales 4–18, closely imbricate, chestnut brown, black, or brown, medially green or greenish brown, laterally ribless, medially 2(–3)-ribbed, distinctly 2-keeled basally, ovate to orbiculate, 1.5–2.1 × 1.4–2.2 mm, apex obtuse. Flowers: stamens 2; anthers 0.6–0.8 mm, connectives not prolonged; styles 0.4–0.6 mm; stigmas 0.7–2.1 mm. Achenes brown, ellipsoid, 1.2–1.4 × 0.6–0.8 mm, network of ridges forming isodiametric or square cells, slightly stipitate, apex apiculate, surfaces minutely punctate.
Phenology: Fruiting summer.
Habitat: Swamps, ditches, wet pastures, seeps in montane forests
Elevation: 0–1200 m
Distribution
Ariz., Calif., N.Mex., Okla., Tex., Mexico, Central America, South America.
Discussion
Six varieties (Cyperus niger var. niger, var. castaneus, var. robustus, var. lorentizianus, var. intricate-ramosus, and var. pseudo-elegantulus) were recognized by G. Kükenthal (1935–1936). Based on field observations and measurements of hundreds of collections from Mexico, where the species is most plentiful, it does not seem possible to recognize any of the infraspecific taxa (G. C. Tucker 1983, 1994; G. C. Tucker and R. McVaugh 1993).
Selected References
None.