View source for Eleocharis vivipara

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Eleocharis vivipara
|accepted_authority=Link
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Hort. Berol.
|place=1: 283. 1827
|year=1827
}}
|common_names=Viviparous spike-rush;sprouting spike-rush
|basionyms=
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Chlorocharis vivipara
|authority=(Link) Rikli
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Eleocharis curtisii
|authority=Small
}}
|hierarchy=Cyperaceae;Eleocharis;Eleocharis subg. Eleocharis;Eleocharis sect. Eleocharis;Eleocharis (sect. Eleocharis) ser. Tenuissimae;Eleocharis vivipara
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Cyperaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Eleocharis]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subgenus</small>[[Eleocharis subg. Eleocharis]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>section</small>[[Eleocharis sect. Eleocharis]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>series</small>[[Eleocharis (sect. Eleocharis) ser. Tenuissimae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Eleocharis vivipara]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 23
|mention_page=page 61, 68, 70, 94
|treatment_page=page 93
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>perennial, short-rhizomatous, forming dense clumps, often entirely vegetative; rhizomes caudexlike, ascending, internodes and scales hidden by crowded culms and sheaths, 0.5 mm thick. <b>Culms</b> often arching, often sering as stolons, broadly elliptic, (4–)7–38(–45) cm × (0.1–)0.3–0.7 mm, soft to firm. <b>Leaves</b>: distal leaf sheaths persistent or disintegrating, yellowish to pale brown, sometimes mottled or wholly red-brown, membranaous to papery, apex acute to narrowly obtuse. <b>Spikelets</b>: basal spikelets absent; usually proliferous, ovoid to ellipsoid to linear or terete, 3.3–9.6 × 1.2–2.3 mm, apex acute; proximal scale empty, persistent, amplexicaulous, similar to floral scales (usually slightly longer, midrib broadly green); subproximal scale with a flower; floral scales spiraled, 5–25, 4–8 per mm of rachilla, pale brown, usually spotted, streaked or mottled red-brown to purple, midribs green or green and red-brown, elliptic to obovate, 1.8–2.7 × 1–1.5 mm, membranous to chartaceous (papery), midrib evident to prominent, apex rounded to obtuse. <b>Flowers</b>: perianth bristles 5–6, red-brown (proximally often white), shorter than to equaling tubercle, rarely longer, 0.9–1.3(–2) mm; spinules sparse, retrorse, sharply acute; stamens 3; anthers yellow, 0.8–1.8 mm; styles 3-fid. <b>Achenes</b> gray or greenish, obovoid or obpyriform, trigonous, angles very prominent, 0.6–0.9 × 0.55–0.8 mm, apex constricted proximal to tubercle, finely honeycomb-reticulate at 10–20X, each face with 20 or more rows of evident enlarged cells. <b>Tubercles</b> whitish, gray, brown, or greenish black, pyramidal, trigonous, 0.2–0.5 × 0.4–0.5 mm.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|phenology=Fruiting spring–fall.
|habitat=Sandy and peaty soils, ditches, pond margins, shallow waters bordering pine-flatwoods and pine-palmetto scrub
|elevation=0–80 m
|distribution=Ala.;Fla.;Ga.;La.;N.C.;S.C.;Va.
|discussion=<p>Most specimens of <i>Eleocharis vivipara</i> are from Florida. Identification of vegetative (often aquatic) specimens is sometimes tentative. <i>Eleocharis vivipara</i> is often confused with <i>E. microcarpa</i> and <i>E. brittonii</i>, and sometimes with <i>E. baldwinii</i>. The red-spotted band at the sheath apex and the gray, cancellate achenes are characteristic of <i>E. vivipara</i>.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

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-->{{#Taxon:
name=Eleocharis vivipara
|author=
|authority=Link
|rank=species
|parent rank=series
|synonyms=Chlorocharis vivipara;Eleocharis curtisii
|basionyms=
|family=Cyperaceae
|phenology=Fruiting spring–fall.
|habitat=Sandy and peaty soils, ditches, pond margins, shallow waters bordering pine-flatwoods and pine-palmetto scrub
|elevation=0–80 m
|distribution=Ala.;Fla.;Ga.;La.;N.C.;S.C.;Va.
|reference=None
|publication title=Hort. Berol.
|publication year=1827
|special status=
|source xml=https://jpend@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation.git/src/f6b125a955440c0872999024f038d74684f65921/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V23/V23_133.xml
|genus=Eleocharis
|subgenus=Eleocharis subg. Eleocharis
|section=Eleocharis sect. Eleocharis
|series=Eleocharis (sect. Eleocharis) ser. Tenuissimae
|species=Eleocharis vivipara
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Eleocharis (sect. Eleocharis) ser. Tenuissimae]]