View source for Picea mariana

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Picea mariana
|accepted_authority=(Miller) Britton
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Prelim. Cat.
|place=71. 1888
|year=1888
}}
|common_names=Black spruce;épinette noire
|special_status={{Treatment/ID/Special_status
|code=E
|label=Endemic
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Abies mariana
|authority=Miller
|rank=species
|publication_title=Gard. Dict. ed.
|publication_place=8, Abies no. 5. 1768
}}
|synonyms={{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Picea brevifolia
|authority=Peck
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Picea mariana var. brevifolia
|authority=(Peck) Rehder
|rank=variety
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Picea nigra
|authority=Aiton
|rank=species
}} {{Treatment/ID/Synonym
|name=Pinus nigra
|authority=
|rank=species
}}
|hierarchy=Pinaceae;Picea;Picea mariana
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Pinaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Picea]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>species</small>[[Picea mariana]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 2
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-undefined" data-properties=""><b>Trees </b>to 25m (often shrublike); trunk to 0.25m diam.; crown narrowly conic to spirelike. <b>Bark</b> gray-brown. <b>Branches</b> short and drooping, frequently layering; twigs not pendent, rather slender, yellow-brown, pubescent. <b>Buds</b> gray-brown, ca. 3mm, apex acute. <b>Leaves</b> 0.6–1.5(–2)cm, 4-angled in cross section, rigid, pale blue-green, glaucous, bearing stomates on all surfaces, apex mostly blunt-tipped. <b>Seed</b> cones 1.5–2.5(–3.5)cm; scales fan-shaped, broadest near apex, 8–12 × 8–12mm, rigid, margin at apex irregularly toothed. <b>2n</b> =24.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|habitat=Muskegs, bogs, bottomlands, dry peatlands
|elevation=0–1500m
|distribution=St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Conn.;Maine;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;Pa.;R.I.;Vt.;Wis.
|discussion=<p>To a limited extent, <i>Picea mariana</i> hybridizes with <i>P. rubens</i>, e.g., on disturbed sites in eastern Canada. Natural hybridization with <i>P. glauca</i>, though reported, remains unverified (A.G. Gordon 1976).</p><!--
--><p>Because <i>Picea mariana</i> is a small tree, it has limited commercial value. Frequently it is harvested with <i>P. glauca</i> and used for pulp.</p><!--
--><p>Black spruce (<i>Picea mariana</i>) is the provincial tree of Newfoundland.</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=little1958a
|text=Little, E. L. Jr. and S.S. Pauley. 1958. A natural hybrid between black and white spruce in Minnesota. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 60: 202--211.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=morgenstern1964a
|text=Morgenstern, E.K. and J.L. Farrar. 1964. Introgressive Hybridization in Red Spruce and Black Spruce. [Toronto.] [Univ. Toronto, Fac. Forest., Techn. Rep. 4.]
}}
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Picea mariana
|authority=(Miller) Britton
|rank=species
|parent rank=genus
|synonyms=Picea brevifolia;Picea mariana var. brevifolia;Picea nigra;Pinus nigra
|basionyms=Abies mariana
|family=Pinaceae
|habitat=Muskegs, bogs, bottomlands, dry peatlands
|elevation=0–1500m
|distribution=St. Pierre and Miquelon;Alta.;B.C.;Man.;N.B.;Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.);N.W.T.;N.S.;Ont.;P.E.I.;Que.;Sask.;Yukon;Alaska;Conn.;Maine;Mass.;Mich.;Minn.;N.H.;N.J.;N.Y.;Pa.;R.I.;Vt.;Wis.
|reference=little1958a;morgenstern1964a
|publication title=Prelim. Cat.
|publication year=1888
|special status=Endemic
|source xml=https://bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-data-curation/src/2e0870ddd59836b60bcf96646a41e87ea5a5943a/coarse_grained_fna_xml/V2/V2_284.xml
|genus=Picea
|species=Picea mariana
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Picea]]