their uniformity, seedlings and juvenile specimens may not be determinable to genus. Foliage of cultivars may deviate greatly from forms found in wild plants
12 KB (1,137 words) - 20:26, 28 December 2023
mastered for later use in the field. Although these microscopic characters may seem intimidating, the alternative characters of leaf shape and dentition
11 KB (1,303 words) - 22:52, 5 November 2020
membranous, hairy scales, each appressed to and shed with an associated cypsela may be interpreted as paleae). Ray florets 0 (corollas of peripheral florets sometimes
12 KB (619 words) - 21:15, 5 November 2020
distally, sometimes of different length than the inner; stamens 3–8 (some may be reduced to staminodes); filaments distinct, free or adnate to perianth
6 KB (649 words) - 23:08, 5 November 2020
glands that may or may not have a waxy or resinous exudate and/or stalked glands that are clear, and colorless or colored. These stipitate glands may retain
23 KB (1,561 words) - 23:47, 5 November 2020
showy; tepals 6, distinct or less often connate proximally forming tube that may also bear a corona, usually petaloid and ± equal in 2 whorls of 3, or those
39 KB (3,176 words) - 22:13, 5 November 2020
prostrate, nodes swollen; indument of simple hairs, capitate glands that may secrete water or calcium salts, or multicelled glandlike structures. Leaves
5 KB (493 words) - 23:08, 5 November 2020
Sporadically, individual plants may have some teeth resin-tipped and some teeth apiculate; such specimens may be hybrids or may indicate that the developmental
18 KB (1,335 words) - 21:07, 5 November 2020
et al. 2003, 2004), but no obvious morphological synapomorphy. The clade may be defined by a cytogenetic change from the base chromosome number of x =
3 KB (390 words) - 11:32, 9 May 2022
of the diclesium may bear sticky stipitate glands that are involved in dispersal by animals. The surfaces of diclesia in other genera may be more or less
14 KB (1,274 words) - 22:57, 5 November 2020
petioles present. Leaf blades paired, equal in size (except in Pilea, which may have unequally paired leaves), dotted with linear or rounded marks formed
7 KB (600 words) - 22:53, 14 January 2021
filament are distinct, the cotyledons usually form most of the embryo and may be completely connate, and specialization has resulted in dioecism. In the
6 KB (558 words) - 23:19, 5 November 2020
studies. Because of the weedy life strategies of some Amaranthus species, they may occasionally occur as naturalized weeds or waifs very far from their original
26 KB (1,309 words) - 23:01, 5 November 2020
efibrillose, non-ornamented, inflated, thin-walled cells, mostly aporose, but may be porose in some species. Stem leaves similar in size to branch leaves; varying
14 KB (476 words) - 22:28, 5 November 2020
cuticle at least adaxially. Floating leaves may be similar in shape to that of the submersed, or they may differ considerably. Submersed leaves have no
18 KB (1,124 words) - 21:31, 5 November 2020
(Figs. 2A, B, I). Some of the patterns described may co-occur within a leaf. For instance, some veins may be associated with pillars, others with girders;
45 KB (2,833 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
are known for their phenotypic plasticity (R. R. Haynes 1974). Plasticity may result from the varied environmental conditions in which the populations grow
7 KB (794 words) - 21:32, 5 November 2020
back as the middle Miocene. Many pulses of diversification and decimation may have taken place in the genus since then; evidence suggests that there has
37 KB (1,900 words) - 21:25, 9 February 2021
sizes of leaves may be produced throughout the growing season, and these are noted in the species descriptions. The pitchers of Sarracenia may be produced
13 KB (1,221 words) - 23:45, 5 November 2020
stems that are not clumped. Sometimes, plants may be colonial but individuals may have clumped stems, or they may be cespitose with occasional stems farther
57 KB (1,333 words) - 20:35, 6 November 2020
resurgence in palm research, however, realignments in the classification may be expected, and indeed additional data already require some changes in the
12 KB (1,128 words) - 21:30, 5 November 2020
or taprooted, caudices woody, rhizomes absent. Stems wandlike (new stems may sprout from caudices). Leaves deciduous (persistent in A. aleutica and A.
4 KB (166 words) - 20:57, 5 November 2020
3000 m. These local micro-sites may be less fire prone than the immediately surrounding communities. Fire ecology may be important in the evolution of
9 KB (928 words) - 23:29, 14 January 2021
infrageneric classification of Selaginella is controversial, and more than one genus may be recognized (see R. E. G. Pichi-Sermolli 1971 for information on generic
6 KB (620 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
embedded in a spadix, and may or may not each be subtended by a bract or retinaculum. The spadix is subtended by a spathe, and it may or may not be retained within
4 KB (333 words) - 21:30, 5 November 2020
in many ways a “problematic group,” some effort beyond what may be considered “normal” may be needed for accurate identification. This is because of the
13 KB (1,003 words) - 23:08, 5 November 2020
useful for illuminating relationships among North American Polygalaceae. There may still be diagnostic value, and even phylogenetic information, in the cytological
11 KB (1,157 words) - 23:52, 2 December 2022
woody, rhizomes absent. Stems not wandlike (relatively numerous; new stems may sprout from caudices). Leaves (pungently aromatic) deciduous or persistent
9 KB (668 words) - 20:57, 5 November 2020
with mixed catkins or hermaphroditic flowers may be anomalous in other ways as well, and such individuals may not be readily identifiable. At the time of
29 KB (2,619 words) - 23:31, 5 November 2020
often with basal rosettes, fleshy decussate turions, soboles, stolons, which may be tipped with turions, or rarely buds (gemmae) in leaf axils; with woody
26 KB (1,416 words) - 17:40, 2 December 2022
over the abaxial surface. Gametophyte gemmae may be much longer than found in the flora, may be platelike, or may be absent. Vegetative proliferation of gametophytes
3 KB (349 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
same time, the parent bulb remains intact and produces a renewal bulb, or may divide to produce two or more large increase bulbs. As a result, specimens
42 KB (1,814 words) - 22:14, 5 November 2020
many as fourteen species of coryphanthas may occur sympatrically, with no natural hybrids dectected. Flowers may be few and ephemeral; however, identifications
19 KB (1,410 words) - 22:58, 5 November 2020
characters for many species. As noted elsewhere, soboles from ± woody caudices may be the most generalized type of structure, from which have evolved several
8 KB (1,136 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
secondary pani¬cles; secondary panicles terminating the branches, produced from (May)June to fall, usually partially or totally cleistogamous. Spikelets 0.8-5
20 KB (884 words) - 15:13, 23 September 2022
only. Pappus scales may be equal, subequal, or unequal; unequal scales may intergrade (here said to be in gradually unequal series) or may form two, more or
7 KB (674 words) - 21:07, 5 November 2020
clarification. The present treatment largely follows the works of Hall and Mayes. Mayes, R. A. 1976. A Cytotaxonomic and Chemosystematic Study of the Genus Pyrrocoma
9 KB (600 words) - 21:06, 5 November 2020
typological. Nevertheless, they are recognizable entities even if some of them may prove eventually unworthy of specific rank. Where specific problems have been
14 KB (616 words) - 21:29, 5 November 2020
nearly so > 3 2 Phyllaries ± connate 1/3–7/8+ their lengths (margins of outer may be free to bases) > 6 3 Calyculi of (0–)1–9, deltate, lanceolate, or linear
7 KB (477 words) - 21:13, 5 November 2020
inflorescences develop from each perennial root system. Because the root systems may branch, it is generally not possible to determine whether any two inflorescences
7 KB (777 words) - 23:41, 5 November 2020
purplish black, 6–8 mm diam. 2n = 2x, 3x. Phenology: Flowering Mar–May; fruiting May–Jun. Habitat: Pine savannas, sandhills, roadsides, dry openings in
4 KB (406 words) - 23:54, 5 November 2020
and also, (in some) glandular. The operculum may consist of little more than the base of the style and may be well apical of the “line” that is indicative
17 KB (1,639 words) - 23:44, 5 November 2020
Louisiana, some individuals of some species in Thalictrum section Leucocoma may lack their normal vestiture. In the absence of glands or pubescence, the differences
14 KB (849 words) - 22:49, 5 November 2020
taxonomy of Townsendia may differ from those encountered in genera that do not include apomictic plants. Hybrids between sexual plants may be perpetuated as
12 KB (645 words) - 20:38, 6 November 2020
flora). Most Ranunculus species are poisonous to stock; when abundant, they may be troublesome to ranchers. A few species with acrid juice were formerly used
12 KB (580 words) - 22:49, 5 November 2020
in correctly identifying individual specimens is compounded by traits that may vary from region to region, the perpetuation of misleading or inaccurate traits
10 KB (506 words) - 20:52, 5 November 2020
those races are separated morphologically and restricted geographically. They may be arranged into at least three aggregates (groups) that approximate the subsections
4 KB (500 words) - 23:07, 5 November 2020
Outside the flora area, Maianthemum may be epiphytic, with foliage stems pendent or erect; two species are dioecious; tepals may be fused, the perianth campanulate;
8 KB (750 words) - 22:14, 5 November 2020
species from five genera of generalist bees; the plants may be facultatively autogamous. Fruit dispersal may be by birds or small mammals. The flowers appear
4 KB (474 words) - 23:23, 5 November 2020
at least in some parts of the world, but even the most obnoxious grasses may be well-regarded over a portion of their range. For instance, Bromus tectorum
28 KB (1,872 words) - 17:21, 11 May 2021
about the term for the whorl of organs between sepals and stamens; these may be conspicuous and petaloid, or reduced to stalked nectaries, or intermediate
10 KB (507 words) - 22:48, 5 November 2020
(sometimes called microscales) that resemble uniseriate hairs. These scales may be only one or two cells wide. Every intergradation exists between these filiform
12 KB (567 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
Zantedeschia (calla-lily). Plants of some cultivated species of Araceae escape and may persist or naturalize, especially in warmer climates. One of these species
10 KB (1,075 words) - 21:31, 5 November 2020
is sometimes cultivated and may escape. Outside North America, plants of Abutilon may be arborescent, and their corollas may be of other colors although
9 KB (591 words) - 23:20, 5 November 2020
antrorsely barbellulate bristles 0.5–3.5 mm (in P. vitreomontana all but 2–3 may be reduced to vestigial nubs). x = 17. sw United States. Species 6 (6 in the
4 KB (236 words) - 21:14, 5 November 2020
filaments 20–40 mm. Capsules 7–10 mm wide. 2n = 16 (Europe). Phenology: Flowering May–Oct. Habitat: Disturbed ground. Elevation: 0–2000 m. Generated Map Legacy
3 KB (221 words) - 20:37, 5 November 2020
Seeds 1–1.5 mm, reticulate-alveolate. 2n = 20 (India). Phenology: Flowering May–Oct. Habitat: Roadsides, disturbed ground. Elevation: 0–100 m. Generated Map
3 KB (281 words) - 20:37, 5 November 2020
acuminate Silene plankii 20 Petals deeply 4-6-lobed, small lateral teeth may be present Silene laciniata 20 Petals deeply 2-lobed, lobes often with lateral
29 KB (1,186 words) - 00:23, 15 November 2022
the broad sense of H. ’t Hart 1995) may be biphyletic; if these annuals are separated from Crassula, then, it may be best to recognize two genera, Tillaea
9 KB (817 words) - 23:42, 5 November 2020
Pseudodrupes yellowish green, spheric, 1–2 × 0.8–1.8 cm. Phenology: Flowering May–Jun. Habitat: Moist and dry woodlands and stream banks. Elevation: 20–500
3 KB (252 words) - 20:13, 5 November 2020
North America by showing that some fairly distinct, sexual diploid species may include apomictic polyploid plants or populations that do not differ greatly
13 KB (628 words) - 21:08, 5 November 2020
Lewis 1953). Floral forms differ among the sections of Mentzelia, which may be indicative of reproductive shifts that were important in the differentiation
10 KB (926 words) - 20:13, 5 November 2020
maroon-purple, 6–10 mm diam. 2n = 2x, 4x. Phenology: Flowering Feb–May; fruiting May–Jul. Habitat: Dry to moist woods, mesic mixed hardwoods and pine-hardwoods
6 KB (764 words) - 23:54, 5 November 2020
Silene in the broad sense and one from Arenaria (Eremogone); further studies may provide evidence that additional groups within the larger genera are monophyletic
22 KB (1,113 words) - 23:09, 5 November 2020
in September, pistillate meiosis in May, with fruits maturing five months after pollination; seeds germinate in May to June. In 1858, Thoreau wrote about
4 KB (451 words) - 20:18, 5 November 2020
incomplete specimens may be difficult to identify, especially if the inflorescences are immature or over-mature. Some species in the section may rarely produce
13 KB (657 words) - 21:37, 5 November 2020
white when young; nectary scale attached on 3 sides, forming pocket that may or may not cover nectary, glabrous, free margin entire; style present. Fruits
3 KB (227 words) - 22:47, 5 November 2020
(glandular). Seeds globose to ovoid, glabrous. 2n = 12. Phenology: Flowering May–Jul(–Oct). Habitat: Dry, rocky or gravelly hills, plains, deserts, grasslands
3 KB (268 words) - 23:23, 5 November 2020
used for these plants. Species of ser. Tenuissimae in which the spikelets may be proliferous and which are easily confused with each other are E. baldwinii
13 KB (1,284 words) - 21:44, 5 November 2020
Capsule 2 mm or more. Spores typically 22–30 µm, distal surface sculpture may be present; proximal laesura usually more than 0.5 spore radius. Worldwide
7 KB (344 words) - 22:27, 5 November 2020
mostly 120–200. Seeds mostly 120–200. 2n = 60 + 0–1B. Phenology: Flowering Jan–May. Habitat: Open desert scrub Elevation: 100–1000 m Generated Map Legacy Map
2 KB (189 words) - 23:20, 5 November 2020
traits described as characteristic of a species may occur on only some leaves of a rosette; ligule color may change in dried material; cypsela size, though
24 KB (2,224 words) - 20:51, 5 November 2020
feature may link series Arenicolae to species such as S. hansenii and S. wrightii, which I place in the series Eremophilae R. M. Tryon and which may represent
15 KB (584 words) - 21:21, 5 November 2020
environments, especially with respect to moisture, may be unusual; for instance, plants of deeply shaded or wet sites may be markedly attenuated. In the key, the
13 KB (653 words) - 22:38, 5 November 2020
(7–)8–10 × 5–7 mm, dull, wing 0.1–1 mm wide. 2n = 30. Phenology: Flowering (May-)Jun–Jul(-Oct). Habitat: Shaded, moist ravines and gorges Elevation: (100-)200-1100
4 KB (374 words) - 23:45, 5 November 2020
Pomes maroon-purple, 7–10 mm diam. 2n = 2x, 4x. Phenology: Flowering Mar–May; fruiting Jun–Jul. Habitat: Damp soil of swamps, wet streamheads, bogs, moist
5 KB (558 words) - 23:54, 5 November 2020
otherwise noted, the key and descriptions refer to fresh material. Some features may be significantly altered by pressing; they can, however, usually be determined
5 KB (569 words) - 22:49, 5 November 2020
hairs at base of styles). Pomes 8–9 mm diam. 2n = 4x. Phenology: Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Jul–Sep. Habitat: Mountain slopes Elevation: 2000–3400 m Generated
3 KB (317 words) - 23:54, 5 November 2020
irregularly when mature, releasing mesocarp/seed. 2n = 38. Phenology: Flowering May–Jul; fruiting Sep–Oct. Habitat: Rich forests. Elevation: 200–1400 m. Generated
3 KB (279 words) - 20:18, 5 November 2020
usually present. Stems few, very short, less than 0.05 cm; flagelliform shoots may occur at the base of the stem, 0.2–0.5 cm, with 3-ranked, tightly appressed
3 KB (236 words) - 22:24, 5 November 2020
green. Berries globose, 8–12 mm diam. 2n = 40, 60. Phenology: Flowering late May–Jun; fruiting Aug–Sep. Habitat: Forest edges and openings, pastures, waste
3 KB (233 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
Follicles 2–4 cm. Seeds cylindric, ca. 11 mm. 2n = 10. Phenology: Flowering (Mar-)May–Jun(-Aug). Habitat: Open, dry pine forests, sagebrush, mountain brush, aspen
3 KB (219 words) - 23:42, 5 November 2020
are transported from one location to another, as may happen during floods. Clump-forming bamboos may eventually spread through seed dispersal. Bamboos
11 KB (1,341 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
from the exocarp of a mericarp. All species may have solitary flowers in pairs of axils; some species may have various combinations of pistillate and staminate
9 KB (715 words) - 20:30, 5 November 2020
the proximal pole of the spore. Between these ridges, megaspore textures may be echinate, cristate, reticulate, rugulate, tuberculate, or nearly smooth
13 KB (992 words) - 21:21, 5 November 2020
subshrubs, or shrubs (Vernonia arborea Buchanan-Hamilton of tropical Asia may form trees to 33 m). They are characterized by discoid heads of bisexual florets
7 KB (548 words) - 20:50, 5 November 2020
Seeds shiny black, obovoid, 1–1.5 mm. 2n = 32. Phenology: Flowering late May–Jun. Habitat: Moist, sandy-peaty soil and sphagnum mats of roadsides, ditch
6 KB (745 words) - 23:23, 5 November 2020
10–14 mm, glabrous. Seeds ovoid. 2n = 28. Phenology: Flowering early Mar–May. Habitat: Moist mixed-deciduous hardwoods to dry pine-oak woods, rocky summits
6 KB (613 words) - 23:45, 5 November 2020
infructescence, 15–25 mm diam. Seeds 9+ mm. 2n = 40. Phenology: Flowering late Apr–May; fruiting late Jul–Sep. Habitat: Upland and lowland forests, swamps, thickets
2 KB (145 words) - 20:18, 5 November 2020
clefts 3–6 mm, adaxial 5–8 mm. Corollas 18–25 mm. Phenology: Flowering (Apr–)May–Jul. Habitat: Dry sagebrush slopes and flats. Elevation: 1300–2200 m. Generated
3 KB (218 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
Ophioglossoideae, which are sometimes recognized as distinct families. Ophioglossaceae may be only distantly related to the ferns and more closely related to Marattiales
4 KB (289 words) - 16:48, 15 June 2022
boundaries in Brassiceae are largely artificial, and the number of genera may be substantially reduced. None. Brassica, Cakile, Carrichtera, Coincya, Crambe
3 KB (242 words) - 23:35, 5 November 2020
into at least three well-defined groups, all present in North America, that may be recognized as genera based on anatomy, embryology, morphology and arrangement
4 KB (453 words) - 16:43, 15 June 2022
America at the time of contact with Europeans were corn, also called maize (Zea mays), squash (Cucurbita pepo), and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). All of these plants
20 KB (2,752 words) - 23:04, 13 February 2019
Huperzia selago. Although many of them may be that species, a strong possibility exists that other, rather similar species may be represented. A careful study
8 KB (770 words) - 21:25, 5 November 2020
glabrous). Pomes purple-black, 6–8 mm diam. 2n = 4x. Phenology: Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Jul–Aug. Habitat: Dry woods, bluffs rocky areas and slopes,
5 KB (626 words) - 23:54, 5 November 2020
decumbent, oblanciform, 15–20 × 1–2 cm. Scapes 27–57 cm. Phenology: Flowering Apr–May. Habitat: Streamside and hillside seeps in meadows, thickets, and wooded slopes
3 KB (366 words) - 23:45, 5 November 2020
reddish brown, fibrous. Seeds to 7 × 5.5 cm. Phenology: Flowering summer–fall (May–Oct). Habitat: Wetlands Elevation: 0–40 m Generated Map Legacy Map Introduced; Fla
2 KB (208 words) - 23:19, 5 November 2020
Calyces 1.5–2.5 mm. Capsules 2.5–3 mm. 2n = 6, 12. Phenology: Flowering May–Jul. Habitat: Mountains, rocky woodlands, bald margins, rock outcrops and
4 KB (424 words) - 23:45, 5 November 2020
bearing sporangia on most pinnae or on only more distal pinnae (fertile pinnae may be slightly smaller than sterile ones). Veins of pinnae conspicuous, strongly
4 KB (293 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020