Search results

169–190. Reveal, J. L. 1989. The eriogonoid flora of California (Polygonaceae: Eriogonoideae). Phytologia 66: 295–416. Reveal, J. L. 1989b. Notes on selected

include C. inequalis S. Stokes, C. turbinata Wiggins, C. mutabilis Brandegee, C. rosulenta Reveal, C. pulchella Brandegee, C. flava Brandegee, and C. interposita

followed by R. B. Faden (1998), R. B. Faden and D. R. Hunt (1991), and G. C. Tucker (1989). Genera 40, species ca. 630 (6 genera, 51 species in the flora). Faden

and A. Cronquist (1957), and F. S. Crosswhite (1965, 1965b, 1965c, 1966, 1967, 1967b, 1967c). Many western species were studied for floristic treatments in

oval to oblong; styles erect to spreading. Achenes included, light brown to dark brown or black, not winged, lenticular, globose-lenticular, or 3-gonous

1980; M. Takahashi and S. Kawano 1989; R. W. Cruden 1991; P. Goldblatt 1995; M. N. Tamura 1995, 1998b; W. B. Zomlefer 1997c) support its recognition as a

dubious record (C. McCartney 1997; P. M. Brown 2000). Tetramicra canaliculata (Aublet) Urban was treated as naturalized in the flora of Florida (C. A. Luer 1972)

evidence (D. B. O. Savile 1968b, 1979; D. C. Michener 1982; O. Mistretta and R. Scogin 1989; Wolfe et al.; C. E. Freeman et al. 2003). Among Keckiella

Sargent, C. immanis Ashe, C. lecta Sargent, C. littoralis Sargent, C. menandiana Sargent, C. mercerensis Sargent, C. pilosa Sargent, C. pinguis Sargent, C

Johnson (C. stricta Aiton), C. cristata Miquel (C. lepidophloia F. Mueller) and Gymnostoma sumatranum (Junghuhn ex de Vriese) L. A. S. Johnson (C. sumatrana

ovoid to ellipsoid or oblong, 3–15 mm, walls unpigmented or brown-streaked to completely brown, traversed internally by trabeculae (internal partitions)

hostiana × C. flava (= C. ×xanthocarpa Dégland), C. hostiana × C. viridula (= C. ×fulva Goodenough), C. flava × C. viridula (= C. ×ruedtii Kneucker), and C. cryptolepis

Castanea ozarkensis, Castanea pumila Miller Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4. 1754. Kevin C. Nixon Common names: Chestnut châtaignier Etymology: Classical Latin, from

dehiscence circumscissile near base, splitting from base toward apex. Seeds 1–50, brown or black, smooth or minutely sculpted, estrophiolate. x = 10, 11, 12, 13

microcephala, Lipocarpha occidentalis R. Brown in J. H. Tuckey, Narr. Exped. Zaire, 459. 1818. Gordon C. TuckerTucker, Gordon C. Common names: Lipocarphe Etymology:

terrestrial species (C. capricorni R. Mason, C. muelleri Sonder, and C. sonderi Hegelmaier) have trilocular anthers; in these species and C. cycloptera Schotsman

and P. K. Holmgren 1989). In the key and descriptions that follow, tooth number is per leaf. Holmgren, N. H. and P. K. Holmgren. 1989. A taxonomic study

Achenes included in accrescent and usually veiny perianth, tan to dark brown, unwinged to weakly winged, 3-gonous, sometimes compressed-3-gonous or nearly

Show Lower Taxa Chorizanthe brevicornu Reveal & Hardham Phytologia 66: 188. 1989. James L. Reveal Treatment appears in FNA Volume 5. Treatment on page 469

The dudaim melon (C. melo), paddy melon (C. myriocarpus), and a few others possibly have the potential to become aggressively invasive. C. Jeffrey (1980b)

forming cushions, green, occasionally blackish green distally, yellow-brown to dark brown proximally. Stems usually to 2 cm, occasionally branching; rounded-pentagonal

(e.g., J. C. M. den Nijs and S. B. J. Menken 1994; J. Hughes and A. J. Richards 1988, 1989; L. M. King 1993; King and B. A. Schaal 1990; J. C. Lyman and

style branches (glabrate, flattened), appendages lacking. Cypselae light brown, obovoid to cylindric, ± compressed, 5–10-nerved, glabrous or hispid; pappi

and two putative hybrids (C. S. Campbell et al. 1985, 1987; Campbell and W. A. Wright 1996; J. E. Weber and Campbell 1989; A. C. Dibble et al. 1998; M. B

fleshy; carpels cartilaginous; styles often persistent. Seeds 3–5, brown to reddish brown or yellowish, darkening with maturity, ovoid to lanceoloid, slightly

septicidal, [rarely irregular or fruits drupaceous]. Seeds 2–20, reddish brown to dark brown, compressed or lenticular [angular], sometimes winged, (testa vascularized

(except J. vaseyi). Worldwide. Species 25 (18 in the flora). Brooks, R. E. 1989. A Revision of Juncus Ssubgenus Poiophylli (Juncaceae) in the Eastern United

Allium. In: C. L. Hitchcock et al. 1955–1969. Vascular Plants of the Pacific Northwest. 5 vols. Seattle. Vol. 1, pp. 739–760. Peterson, P. M., C. R. Annable

apophyses, which at the time of seed-shed are cream to light brown or gray—rather than light red-brown. They are distinguished from each other as follows: P.

lemmas, if present, hyaline, unawned; anthers 1-2, yellow to brown; stigmas elongate, purple to brown; styles connate or free. Pedicels not fused to the branch

nonflowering plants), basal, ± petiolate; blade green or mottled with purple, brown, or white, lanceolate to ovate (wider if solitary), flat to folded, 6–60

reddish to dark brown, gray, or gray-black, exfoliating or not; long and short shoots present; young stems tan or reddish brown to brown, glabrous or villous

unequal (proximally papery or membranous; distally ± scarious, often black, brown, castaneous, cream, gray, green, olivaceous, pink, red, white, or yellow)

Acanthogonum, which previously included C. rigida and C. corrugata (see below). J. L. Reveal and C. B. Hardham (1989b) considered that taxon to represent

Dryopteris. Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 15: 141--162. Fraser-Jenkins, C. R. 1989. A classification of the genus Dryopteris (Pteridophyta: Dryopteridaceae)

Heiser, C.B. 1962. Some observations on pollination and compatibility in Magnolia. Proc. Indiana Acad. Sci. 72: 259-266. Johnson, D.L. 1989. Species and

Chinnappa, C. C. and J. K. Morton. 1976. Studies on the Stellaria longipes Goldie complex—Variation in wild populations. Rhodora 78: 488–501. Chinnappa, C. C.

punctiform to ellipsoid, x = 9. N.C., Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Va., Del., D.C, Wis., W.Va., Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Md., Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., N.S., Ont.

Stellung der Gattung Calochortus. Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen 34: 405–452. Ness, B. D. 1989. Seed morphology and taxonomic relationships in Calochortus (Liliaceae).

here called Notholaena. R. E. G. Pichi-Sermolli (1989), however, urged acceptance of the typification by C. Christensen ([1905–]1906). Both the second and

Several species of Callirhoë are gynodioecious; populations of C. alcaeoides, C. involucrata, and C. leiocarpa have individuals with either bisexual or functionally

Del., D.C, Wis., Fla., Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Md., Mass., Maine, N.H., R.I., Vt., Wyo., N.Mex., Tex., La., N.C., N.Dak., Nebr., Idaho, Tenn., S.C., Pa

than those of any member of the Chorizanthineae. J. L. Reveal and C. B. Hardham (1989) reported a consistent chromosome count of n = 15 plus (seemingly)

dark brown to black with square plates. Twigs brown to reddish brown, 1-2.5 mm diam., tomentose to sparsely pubescent. Terminal buds light brown to reddish

(1944), A. K. Sharma and U. C. Bhattacharyya (1962), M. S. Cave (1964), S. Banerjee and A. K. Sharma (1987), Huang S. F. et al. (1989) and B. Vijayavalli and

leaves are straight or slightly homomallous. Differences between 1. C. laxifolium and C. longicuspis are discussed with the former. This species is very rare

Queva, C. 1894. Recherches sur l’Anatomie de l’Appareil Vegetatif des Taccacées & Dioscorées. Lille. Shehbaz, I. A. and B. G. Schubert. 1989. The Dioscoreaceae

pistillate flower; perianth absent. Fruits not embedded in spadix, green, turning brown at maturity. Seeds (1–)4–10(–20), mucilage probably present. x = 14. Tropical

scabrous. Leaves: basal sheaths brown; sheaths of proximal leaves bladeless, scabrous, fronts red-brown to copper-brown, spots absent, indistinctly ladder-fibrillose

in the aerial florets, x = 12. Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Del., D.C, Wis., Alta., B.C., Greenland, Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.S., N.W.T., Ont., P.E

douglasii subsp. nivea (C. T. Mason) C. T. Mason Madroño 36: 50. 1989. Nancy R. Morin Basionym: Limnanthes douglasii var. nivea C. T. Mason Univ. Calif.

Plants bulbiform, gregarious or scattered, reddish to yellowish brown distally, brown proximally. Stems short, to 0.5 mm; hyalodermis absent, sclerodermis

douglasii subspeciesLimnanthes douglasii subsp. sulphurea (C. T. Mason) C. T. Mason Madroño 36: 50. 1989. Nancy R. Morin Common names: Point Reyes meadowfoam

pulchella, A. microphylla, A. racemosa, and A. umbrinella (R. J. Bayer 1989b, 1990b, 1990c). Additionally, three other sexually reproducing species, A. marginata

persistent hybrid populations (C. O. Rosendahl et al. 1936; J. A. Calder and D. B. O. Savile 1959; S. A. Spongberg 1972; C. K. Wilkins and B. A. Bohm 1976;

and C. D. Wiens. 1986. Observations on the pollination of Dedeckera eurekensis (Polygonaceae). Madroño 33: 302–305. Wiens, D., C. I. Davern, and C. L.

of North America Association Stems 2–5 mm diam.; hairs reddish brown to chestnut brown, falling off early. Leaves to more than 1 m, axes straw-colored

20: 503--527. Dowe, J. L. and N. W. Uhl. 1989. Carpoxylon macrospermum. Principes 33: 68--73. Dransfield, J. 1989. Voanioala (Arecoideae: Cocoeae: Butiinae)

infernalis Sheviak Rhodora 91: 226, figs. 1, 2A, 3a, b. 1989. Charles J. Sheviak, Paul Martin Brown EndemicConservation concern Treatment appears in FNA Volume

6–11 mm. Phyllaries (bases sometimes rose) distally white, cream, or light brown. Corollas: staminate 3–4 mm; pistillate 3.5–6.5(–8) mm. Cypselae 0.8–2 mm

subspeciesAntennaria rosea subsp. confinis (Greene) R. J. Bayer Brittonia 41: 57. 1989. Randall J. Bayer Endemic Basionym: Antennaria confinis Greene Pittonia 4:

Ochyra 1989). M. R. Crosby et al. (1999) cited four genera for the family, Actinothuidium Brotherus, Echinophyllum (as Bryochenea C. Gao & G. C. Zhang)

suppl.): 170. Brown, G. K. and W. D. Clark. 1989. Flavonoids of Haplopappus section Oönopsis. [Abstract.] Amer. J. Bot. 76(6, suppl.): 190. Brown, G. K. 1993

subspeciesAntennaria rosea subsp. arida (E. E. Nelson) R. J. Bayer Brittonia 41: 57. 1989. Randall J. Bayer Common names: Desert pussytoes Endemic Basionym: Antennaria

subspeciesAntennaria rosea subsp. pulvinata (Greene) R. J. Bayer Brittonia 41: 59. 1989. Randall J. Bayer Common names: Pulvinate pussytoes Endemic Basionym: Antennaria

Generated Map Legacy Map B.C., Calif., Idaho, Mont., Oreg., Wash. Populations of Cryptogramma cascadensis were previously identified as C. acrostichoides. None

Map Fla., Ga., N.C., S.C., Va. I have not been able to confirm the record of this species from Maryland in M. L. Brown and R. G. Brown (1984). Giles, N

deciduous; crown sparse, open. Bark silver-gray to gray-brown on young trees, becoming reddish brown to brown, smooth initially, scaly to thickened and furrowed

5–20(–40) dm. Bark exfoliating readily or tardily in reddish brown or blackish sheets, or gray to brown strips or strings. Branches spreading or ascending, often

For Roger Hennedy, 1809–1877, Scottish phycologist Basionym: Hennedia R. Brown bis Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 25: 285. 1893, Treatment appears in

Map Legacy Map Ala., Ark., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ky., La., Md., Miss., Mo., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Okla., Pa., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va. Individual trees

speciesFallopia ×bohemica (Chrtek & Chrtková) J. P. Bailey Watsonia 17: 443. 1989. Craig C. Freeman, Harold R. Hinds† Common names: Bohemian knotweed Basionym:

perianth, glabrous; anthers yellow, oval. Achenes included, yellowish brown to brown, winged, globose, glabrous. Seeds: embryo straight. x = 14. w United

sheaths red-brown; sheaths of proximal leaves bladeless, scabrous, fronts with red-brown spots, prominently ladder-fibrillose, apex red-brown, U-shaped,

of Q. laurifolia. Twigs light brown to dark red-brown, 1-2.5 mm diam., glabrous. Terminal buds reddish to purplish brown, ovoid, 2.5-5 mm, glabrous or

Twigs grayish brown to red-brown, rarely somewhat yellowish or gray, 1.5-3 mm diam., glabrous. Terminal buds grayish brown to reddish brown, ovoid to subfusiform

Conn., Del., Ill., Ind., Maine, Md., Mass., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., Vt., Va. Betula populifolia is an important successional tree

Legacy Map Ala., Ark., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Ky., La., Md., Miss., Mo., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va., W.Va. Native

speciesNymphaea capensis Thunberg Prodr. Pl. Cap. 2: 92. 1800. John. H. Wiersema, C. Barre Hellquist Common names: Cape blue water-lily Introduced Treatment appears

40 m. Bark dark brown to black, ridges flat, furrows deep. Twigs red-brown, (1-)1.5-2.5 mm diam., glabrous. Terminal buds dark red-brown, ovoid to subconic

from Crataegus include brownish fruit indicating mammal dispersal (C. M. Herrera 1989); large, hairy, eglandular bracteoles; extremely wide hypanthial opening

speciesBistorta vivipara (Linnaeus) Delarbre Fl. Auvergne ed. 2, 2: 516. 1800. Craig C. Freeman, Harold R. Hinds† Common names: Alpine bistort Illustrated Basionym:

T. venulosum (T. C. Brayshaw, pers. comm.); achenes are ascending, ± compressed, and beaks rather short (2-4 mm) (T. C. Brayshaw 1989). Some of the Native

D. Ambrose 1975, 1980; P. Goldblatt 1995; C. Sterling 1980; M. Takahashi and S. Kawano 1989; F. H. Utech 1978c) and has recently been segregated in the

4(–6) ascending or recurving teeth; carpophore present. Seeds 15–75, dark brown, reniform, laterally compressed, papillose, marginal wing absent, appendage

of stolons may likewise play a role in preserving favored genotypes (C. I. Peng 1989). None. Ludwigia glandulosa subsp. brachycarpac., Ludwigia glandulosa

areole [absent on adult stems of epiphytic species], yellow, blackish, or brown [white, greenish, or reddish], lateral on stems, bristles hairlike, acicular

Less. Antill. 5: 241. 1989. Paul A. Fryxell†, Steven R. Hill Common names: Mangrove mallow Basionym: Malache scabra B. Vogel C. J. Trew, Pl. Select. 9:

papillose, light brown. Phenology: Capsules mature summer. Habitat: Calcareous silt and shrub steppe Generated Map Legacy Map B.C., N.W.T., Nunavut, c Europe, Asia

zionis N. H. Holmgren & P. K. Holmgren Brittonia 41: 344, fig. 2G–I. 1989. Craig C. Freeman EndemicConservation concern Treatment appears in FNA Volume

aculeatum var. scopulinum D. C. Eaton Ferns N. Amer. 2: 125. 1880 Synonyms: Polystichum mohrioides var. scopulinum (D. C. Eaton) Fernald Treatment appears

disturbed habitats, and the two seldom occur side by side (C. I. Peng 1989). Peng (1988, 1989) suggested that the hexaploid (2n = 48) L. simpsonii and the

Gross. This view differs from that presented by J. L. Reveal and C. B. Hardham (1989), who included Chorizanthe and its relatives also in Hollisteriineae

absent. Petiole 1/8–1/4 length of leaf, densely scaly; scales red-brown to dark brown or nearly black, gradually diminishing in size distally. Blade linear-lanceolate

Lobatae speciesQuercus arkansana Sargent Trees & Shrubs 2: 121. 1911. Kevin C. Nixon Common names: Arkansas oak EndemicIllustrated Synonyms: Quercus caput-rivuli Ashe

molecular phylogenies (e.g., J. C. Semple et al. 2002; L. Brouillet and S. Selliah 2005). A. G. Jones (1980) and J. C. Semple and L. Brouillet (1980) proposed

porteriana Small Fl. S.E. U.S. 711, 1333. 1903 Synonyms: C. porteriana var. scoparia (Small) D. G. Burch C. scoparia Small Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12

Everglades National Park in 1957 by Frank C. Craighead (C. A. Luer 1972). Intensive searches in 1988 and 1989 failed to find any plants; in 1990 R.P. Sauleda

(sometimes when submerged), rarely small, not turgid, green, yellow-green, brown, or brown-red. Stems pinnate or sometimes irregularly branched, shoot apices sometimes

to yellowish brown; capitulum 5­radiate in shade forms to hemispherical in open grown or drier growing forms. Stems pale green to pale brown, sometimes with

triangular to lanceolate, 0.5–0.8 mm. Cypselae deep purple to purplish brown or brown with purple speckles (nerves stramineous), oblong-obovoid, compressed

Parker, K. C. 1988b. Growth rates of Stenocereus thurberi and Lophocereus schottii in southern Arizona. Bot. Gaz. 149: 335–346. Parker, K. C. 1989. Height

densely flowered, slender or stout; floral bract usually tawny (sometimes brown or greenish), apex entire, toothed, or erose; pistillate bract deciduous

on Jamaica (C. I. Peng 1989). This hexaploid species is often confused with L. lanceolata, with which it shares two genomes (Peng 1988, 1989) and with which

5 mm. Pistillate involucres 4.5–7.5 mm. Phyllaries distally light brown, dark brown, or black. Corollas: staminate 2–3.5 mm; pistillate 2.5–4.5 mm. Cypselae

Cheilanthes. Chromosomal studies (G. J. Gastony and M. D. Windham 1989) suggest that C. bonariensis is an apogamous triploid that arose through autopolyploidy

between C. lindheimeri and C. covillei (G. J. Gastony and M. D. Windham 1989). Although C. yavapensis has long been included within the concept of C. wootonii

taprooted. Stems: number not recorded, prostrate to erect; bark reddish brown or grayish, papery, shredding; lateral short shoots often present (bearing

dentate-erose. Spores dark brown to blackish. 2n = 82. Habitat: On rocky serpentine slopes Elevation: 1200–2400 m Generated Map Legacy Map B.C., Calif., Oreg., Wash

Introduced; Ala., Ark., Fla., Ga., La., Md., Miss., Mo., N.C., S.C., Tex., native, India. Faden, R. B. 1989. Commelina caroliniana (Commelinaceae): A misunderstood

staminate 4.5–6.5 mm; pistillate 5–7(–9) mm. Phyllaries distally light brown, dark brown, or olivaceous. Corollas: staminate 2.5–3 mm; pistillate 3.5–4.5 mm

include multistemmed perennials with 2n = 8 (J. C. Semple and C. C. Chinnappa 1984). Semple, J. C. and C. C. Chinnappa. 1984. Observations on the cytology

Butler Univ. Bot. Stud. = Butler University Botanical Studies. C. R. C. Crit. Rev. Pl. Sci. = C R C Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences. Cain, S. A. 1930. An

cherry, inner bark orange. Twigs yellowish brown, 2-3.5 mm diam., pubescent. Terminal buds light reddish brown, ovoid, 4-9 mm, strongly 5-angled in cross

whorled, grayish, pubescence sparse, light brown; fresh leaf scars with light brown periderm. Buds exposed, brown, globose, small, resinous, apex rounded;

Ala., Ark., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa., Kans., Ky., La., Md., Miss., Mo., Nebr., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va

7 dm diam.; moderately heterophyllous. Bark light brown, shallowly furrowed. Branchlets orange-brown, becoming whitish tan by third year, round or 5-angled

timber and firewood, and as a shade tree in tea and coffee plantations (C. E. Harwood 1989, 1992). Some people have been reported to develop acute contact dermatitis

pistillate 5–8 mm. Phyllaries distally usually green, pink, red, or white, seldom brown. Corollas: pistillate 3–4.5 mm. Pappi: pistillate 4–6 mm. 2n = 42, 56. Phenology:

tepals excluding teeth, apex obtuse, normally reticulate-pitted. Achenes brown, 0.9–1.5 × 0.5–0.8(–1) mm. 2n = 40. Phenology: Flowering summer. Habitat:

, D.C., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn

(as Ludvigia) Peter C. Hoch Common names: Long Beach primrose-willow Basionym: Ludwigiantha brevipes Long in N. L. Britton and A. Brown Ill. Fl. N. U.S. ed

Bark gray to dark brown. Twigs gray-brown to reddish brown, 1-2 mm diam., sparsely to uniformly pubescent. Terminal buds brown to red-brown, ovoid, 2.5-4.5

North America Association Stems erect or semi-prostrate; branches gray-brown or red-brown, glabrous or woolly to glabrescent; branchlets reddish, densely woolly

color of bark (W. H. Brittain and W. F. Grant 1967; P. E. DeHond and C. S. Campbell 1989). In the Adirondacks, B. cordifolia and B. papyrifera occur in rather

Foldats 1969–1970, part 5; C. D. Adams 1972; C. A. Luer 1972; R. L. Dressler 1993; H. Bechtel et al. 1981; A. Gloudon and C. Tobisch 1995) even though

type of the species is from China (M. C. Johnston 1968). Sageretia thea was noted by L. E. Brown and K. N. Gandhi (1989) as occurring beside highways near

sectionLudwigia sect. Isnardia speciesLudwigia ravenii C. I. Peng Syst. Bot. 9: 129, fig. 1. 1984. Peter C. Hoch Common names: Raven’s primrose-willow Treatment

deciduous, to 15 m. Bark gray to light brown, scaly. Twigs deep red, 1-2 mm diam., glabrous. Terminal buds red-brown, ovoid to subconic, 2.5-5 mm, glabrous

cordate, apex obtuse; tubercles small or occasionally absent. Achenes brown or dark brown to brownish yellow, 1.7–2.5 × 0.9–1.3 mm, dull. 2n = 14 (pistillate

0–400 m. Generated Map Legacy Map Ala., Ark., Fla., Ga., La., Miss., Mo., N.C., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va., West Indies (Bahamas, Cuba, Jamaica). The diploid Ludwigia

Elevation: 0–300 m. Generated Map Legacy Map Ala., Fla., Ga., Miss., N.C., S.C., Mexico (Tabasco). Ludwigia linifolia is primarily a coastal species that

Reveal and C. B. Hardham (1989b) merged all of his segregates under a single name. Some of the variation is noteworthy. The insular phase, C. discolor (including

sandy peaty soil. Elevation: 0–100 m. Generated Map Legacy Map Fla., Ga., N.C., S.C. Ludwigia lanceolata is fairly uncommon, with scattered populations occurring

affinities appear to be with L. palustris, with which it shares a genome (C. I. Peng 1988, 1989). None. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"section"

in sect. Isnardia and is the most consistently outcrossing species; C. I. Peng (1989) reported abun­dant insect visitors on this species. It is morphologically

deciduous, to 20 m. Bark grayish brown, fissures and ridges shallow, inner bark pinkish. Twigs greenish brown to brown, 1.5-3(-4) mm diam., glabrous or

dark brown with flat ridges divided by shallow fissures. Twigs red-brown to gray, 1.5-3(-3.5) mm diam., glabrous. Terminal buds gray to gray-brown, ovoid

reddish brown with distinct grayish cast, (1.5-)2-3.5(-4) mm diam., sparsely pubescent to almost glabrous. Terminal buds light brown to reddish brown, conic

(sometimes highly brittle at base), red-brown, not glaucous, glabrous or glabrescent; branchlets yellow-brown to red-brown, pilose, moderately to densely velvety

moderate elevations Generated Map Legacy Map B.C., Sask., c Europe. A locally abundant (T. T. McIntosh 1989) western species, Pterygoneurum kozlovii commonly

Bark dark brown to black, deeply furrowed, ridges often broken into irregular blocks, inner bark yellow or orange. Twigs dark reddish brown, (1.5-)2.5-4

shallow, inner bark pinkish. Twigs dark red-brown, 1.5-2.5 mm diam., glabrous. Terminal buds reddish brown, ovoid, 3-6.5 mm, puberulent throughout, occasionally

base. Twigs dark red-brown, 1-2.5(-3) mm diam., persistently pubescent, rarely almost glabrous. Terminal buds reddish to purplish brown, ovoid, 2-5.5 mm,

abundant Elevation: 400–1300 m Generated Map Legacy Map Ga., Ky., Md., N.C., Pa., S.C., Tenn., Va., W.Va. The broad, straplike leaf of Cymophyllus, apparently

to dark purplish brown, (1.5-)2-3(-4) mm diam., glabrate to sparsely pubescent, especially at apex. Terminal buds dark purplish brown, ovoid to subconic

Polygonoideae genusRheum speciesRheum rhabarbarum Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 372. 1753. Craig C. Freeman Common names: Garden rhubarb pie-plant wine-plant rhubarbe IntroducedIllustrated

ciliate, surfaces glabrous or glabrate abaxially (rarely sparsely reddish brown-hairy). Inflorescences usually 2–10-flowered, ± capitate cymes, sometimes

, Conn., D.C., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn

been determined. It has the smallest meiotic chromosomes observed by C. B. Hardham (1989). None. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"section","name":"Chorizanthe

the variation, C. I. Peng (1989) declined to adopt any infraspecific classification, and this treatment follows Peng. As described in C. I. Peng et al

Legacy Map Ala., Ark., Del., Fla., Ga., La., Md., Miss., Mo., N.J., N.C., Okla., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va. Ludwigia linearis is widespread in the southeastern

pinelands. Elevation: 0–150 m. Generated Map Legacy Map Ala., Fla., Ga., N.C., S.C. Ludwigia suffruticosa is distinctive by virtue of its highly condensed

Elevation: 0–300 m. Generated Map Legacy Map Ala., Fla., Ga., La., Miss., N.C., S.C., Tex., Va. The distribution of Ludwigia pilosa is nearly continuous along

Ala., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Miss., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va

Maine, Tennessee, and Vermont cannot be confirmed. As indicated by C. I. Peng (1989), a report of this species from Alabama involved a natural hybrid between

or trees, 4–9 m. Stems: branches gray-brown to red-brown, glabrous or villous; branchlets yellow brown to red-brown, densely tomentose or villous to glabrescent

differentiated into several geographic and seasonal phases (C. C. Baskin et al. 1993; G. A. Fox 1989, 1990, 1990b). Variety abertianum (including E. pinetorum)

 Calamagrostis deschampsioides, Carex bipartita, C. maritima, C. neglecta, C. ramenskii, C. salina, C. subspathacea, C. ursina, Chrysanthemum arcticum, Cochlearia

beringensis Gandoger Aster giganteus (Hooker) Rydberg Aster montanus R. Brown Aster montanus var. giganteus (Hooker) Torrey & A. Gray Aster richardsonii

(1876--?), Frank C. Schrader (1860--1940), and botanical artist Frederick Walpole (1861--1904) also eventually reached Washington, D.C. The 1899 Harriman

difficult genera in which allopolyploid and cryptic speciation (C.A. Paris et al. 1989) have occurred, e.g., Isoëtes, Botrychium, Pellaea, Woodsia, and Polypodium