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maximum Aconitum reclinatum Aconitum uncinatum Actaea Actaea pachypoda Actaea rubra Adlumia Adlumia fungosa A cont. Adonis Adonis aestivalis Adonis annua Adonis

calamus Acroptilon repens Acrostichum danaeifolium Actaea pachypoda Actaea rubra Actinostachys pennula A cont. Adiantum aleuticum Adiantum capillus-veneris

ovina, Festuca prolifera, Festuca pseudovivipara, Festuca roemeri, Festuca rubra, Festuca saximontana, Festuca trachyphylla, Festuca valesiaca, Festuca viridula

commutata, Festuca rubra subsp. fallax, Festuca rubra subsp. mediana, Festuca rubra subsp. pruinosa, Festuca rubra subsp. rubra, Festuca rubra subsp. secunda

Claytonia parviflora, Claytonia perfoliata, Claytonia rosea, Claytonia rubra, Claytonia sarmentosa, Claytonia saxosa, Claytonia scammaniana, Claytonia

Synthyris ranunculina, Synthyris reniformis, Synthyris ritteriana, Synthyris rubra, Synthyris schizantha, Synthyris wyomingensis Bentham in A. P. de Candolle

Frangula rubra subsp. modocensis, Frangula rubra subsp. nevadensis, Frangula rubra subsp. obtusissima, Frangula rubra subsp. rubra, Frangula rubra subsp.

californica, Frangula caroliniana, Frangula obovata, Frangula purshiana, Frangula rubra Miller Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4, vol. 1. 1754. John O. Sawyer†, Guy L. Nesom

Sarracenia psittacina, Sarracenia purpurea, Sarracenia rosea, Sarracenia rubra Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 510. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 226. 1754 (as Sarracena)

genusSarracenia speciesSarracenia rubra Show Lower Taxa Sarracenia rubra subsp. gulfensis, Sarracenia rubra subsp. rubra Walter Fl. Carol., 152. 1788 ,.

familyPortulacaceae genusClaytonia speciesClaytonia rubra Show Lower Taxa Claytonia rubra subsp. depressa, Claytonia rubra subsp. rubra (Howell) Tidestrom Contr. U.S. Natl

Quercus palustris, Quercus phellos, Quercus pumila, Quercus robusta, Quercus rubra, Quercus shumardii, Quercus tardifolia, Quercus texana, Quercus velutina

Alnus incana, Alnus maritima, Alnus oblongifolia, Alnus rhombifolia, Alnus rubra, Alnus serrulata Miller Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4. 1754. John J. Furlow Common

Spergularia macrotheca, Spergularia media, Spergularia platensis, Spergularia rubra, Spergularia salina, Spergularia villosa (Persoon) J. Presl & C. Presl Fl

crassifolia, Ulmus glabra, Ulmus parvifolia, Ulmus procera, Ulmus pumila, Ulmus rubra, Ulmus serotina, Ulmus thomasii Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 225. 175. , Gen. Pl.

speciesActaea rubra (Aiton) Willdenow Enum. Pl. 1: 561. 1809. Bruce A. Ford Common names: Actée rouge EndemicIllustrated Basionym: Actaea spicata var. rubra Aiton

occidentalis, Crepis pannonica, Crepis pleurocarpa, Crepis pulchra, Crepis rubra, Crepis runcinata, Crepis setosa, Crepis tectorum, Crepis vesicaria, Crepis

revegetation, and, to a lesser extent, horticulture—such as Festuca rubra subsp. rubra, F. trachyphylla, F. filiformis, and F. valesiaca—is continually expanding

and A. rubra (including A. erythrocarpa) in northern Michigan and Finland. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 112: 265-273. Actaea pachypoda, Actaea rubra window.

been identified as O. rubra. Oxalis rubra was treated at subspecific rank by A. Lourteig (1982), but subsp. articulata and subsp. rubra have essentially the

familyBetulaceae subfamilyBetulaceae subfam. Betuloideae genusAlnus speciesAlnus rubra Bongard Mém. Acad. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math. 2: 162. 1833

Va., W.Va., Wis. Scabrous-leaved Ulmus rubra is often confused with U. americana. Where ranges coincide, U. rubra may freely intergrade with Ulmus pumila

). Rhode Island is in the range of Morus rubra, although I do not know of any documented specimens. Morus rubra is a common tree of eastern North America

familySarraceniaceae genusSarracenia speciesSarracenia rubra subspeciesSarracenia rubra subsp. rubra T. Lawrence Mellichamp, Frederick W. Case Treatment appears

familyMoraceae genusMorus Show Lower Taxa Morus alba, Morus microphylla, Morus rubra Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 986. 175. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 424. 1754. Richard P. Wunderlin

LAYOUT:treatment:TUOYAL familySarraceniaceae genusSarracenia speciesSarracenia rubra subspeciesSarracenia rubra subsp. gulfensis D. E. Schnell Castanea 44: 218, figs. 1, 2

Ulmarieae genusFilipendula Show Lower Taxa Filipendula occidentalis, Filipendula rubra, Filipendula ulmaria, Filipendula vulgaris Miller Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4

subfam. Arbutoideae genusArctous Show Lower Taxa Arctous alpina, Arctous rubra Niedenzu Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 11: 144. 1889. Gordon C. Tucker Common names:

Salicornia bigelovii, Salicornia depressa, Salicornia maritima, Salicornia rubra Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 3. 1753. , Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 4. 1754. Peter W. Ball Common

IllustratedEndemic Basionym: Picea rubra (DuRoi) Link 1831, Synonyms: Picea australis Small Picea nigra var. rubra (DuRoi) Engelmann Treatment appears

familyPortulacaceae genusClaytonia speciesClaytonia rubra subspeciesClaytonia rubra subsp. rubra John M. Miller IllustratedEndemic Treatment appears in

LAYOUT:treatment:TUOYAL familyRhamnaceae genusFrangula speciesFrangula rubra subspeciesFrangula rubra subsp. rubra John O. Sawyer†, Guy L. Nesom Endemic Treatment appears

LAYOUT:treatment:TUOYAL familyRhamnaceae genusFrangula speciesFrangula rubra subspeciesFrangula rubra subsp. modocensis (C. B. Wolf) Kartesz & Gandhi Phytologia 76:

LAYOUT:treatment:TUOYAL familyRhamnaceae genusFrangula speciesFrangula rubra subspeciesFrangula rubra subsp. yosemitana (C. B. Wolf) Kartesz & Gandhi Phytologia 76:

the Sarracenia rubra complex is controversial. The complex may be viewed as having three species, S. alabamensis, S. jonesii, and S. rubra, two of which

LAYOUT:treatment:TUOYAL familyRhamnaceae genusFrangula speciesFrangula rubra subspeciesFrangula rubra subsp. obtusissima (Greene) Kartesz & Gandhi Phytologia 76:

LAYOUT:treatment:TUOYAL familyRhamnaceae genusFrangula speciesFrangula rubra subspeciesFrangula rubra subsp. nevadensis (A. Nelson) Kartesz & Gandhi Phytologia 76:

LAYOUT:treatment:TUOYAL familyPortulacaceae genusClaytonia speciesClaytonia rubra subspeciesClaytonia rubra subsp. depressa (A. Gray) John M. Miller & K. L. Chambers Novon

var. rubra Rehder & E. H. Wilson in C. S. Sargent, Pl. Wilson. 1: 556. 1913 (as alpinus var. ruber) Synonyms: Arctostaphylos alpina subsp. rubra (Rehder

Gymnandra rubra Douglas ex Hooker Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 103, plate 172. 1838 Synonyms: Besseya rubra (Douglas ex Hooker) Rydberg Veronica rubra (Douglas ex

Basionym: Ulmaria rubra Hill Hort. Kew., 214, plate 7. 1768 Synonyms: Filipendula lobata (Gronovius ex Jacquin) Maximowicz Spiraea rubra (Hill) Britton Thecanisia

Case Common names: Wherry’s pitcher plant Endemic Basionym: Sarracenia rubra subsp. wherryi D. E. Schnell Castanea 43: 261. 1978 Treatment appears in

Moore†, Jun Wen Common names: Catbird or red grape Endemic Synonyms: Vitis rubra Michaux ex Planchon Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page

Common names: River birch red birch EndemicIllustrated Synonyms: Betula rubra F. Michaux Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3. Illustrator: John Myers Copyright:

subg. Festuca sectionFestuca sect. Festuca speciesFestuca rubra subspeciesFestuca rubra subsp. rubra Stephen J. Darbyshire, Leon E. Pavlickf Common names:

subgenusFestuca subg. Festuca sectionFestuca sect. Festuca speciesFestuca rubra subspeciesFestuca rubra subsp. mediana (Pavlick) Pavlick Stephen J. Darbyshire, Leon

fescue Fétuque trompeuse Synonyms: Festuca rubra var. multiflora Festuca rubra subsp. multiflora Festuca rubra var. fraterculae Festuca heteromalla Festuca

subgenusFestuca subg. Festuca sectionFestuca sect. Festuca speciesFestuca rubra subspeciesFestuca rubra subsp. vallicola (Rydb.) Pavlick Stephen J. Darbyshire, Leon

subgenusFestuca subg. Festuca sectionFestuca sect. Festuca speciesFestuca rubra subspeciesFestuca rubra subsp. commutata Gaudin Stephen J. Darbyshire, Leon E. Pavlickf

concluded that Amelanchier laevis is possibly one of the parents of A. "rubra,” an entity that is morphologically distinct. This entity is a tetraploid

minor (Sims) de Candolle Castalia odorata (Aiton) Wood Nymphaea odorata forma rubra (E. Guillon) Conard Nymphaea odorata var. gigantea Tricker Nymphaea odorata

subgenusFestuca subg. Festuca sectionFestuca sect. Festuca speciesFestuca rubra subspeciesFestuca rubra subsp. arenaria (Osbeck) F. Aresch. Stephen J. Darbyshire, Leon

richardson Synonyms: Festuca rubra subsp. richardsonii Festuca rubra var. mutica Festuca rubra subsp. cryophila Festuca rubra var. alaica Festuca richardsonii

subgenusFestuca subg. Festuca sectionFestuca sect. Festuca speciesFestuca rubra subspeciesFestuca rubra subsp. aucta (V.I. Krecz. & Bobrov) Hultén Stephen J. Darbyshire

subgenusFestuca subg. Festuca sectionFestuca sect. Festuca speciesFestuca rubra subspeciesFestuca rubra subsp. pruinosa (Hack.) Piper Stephen J. Darbyshire, Leon E.

subgenusFestuca subg. Festuca sectionFestuca sect. Festuca speciesFestuca rubra subspeciesFestuca rubra subsp. secunda (J. Presl) Pavlick Stephen J. Darbyshire, Leon

familyAsteraceae tribeAsteraceae tribe Cichorieae genusCrepis speciesCrepis rubra Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 806. 1753. David J. Bogler Common names: Red hawksbeard

S.Dak., Utah, Wash., Wyo. Salicornia rubra has been introduced into Quebec and Michigan. Populations of S. rubra from Hudson Bay, growing above mean high

Mountain sweet pitcher plant EndemicConservation concern Synonyms: Sarracenia rubra subsp. jonesii (Wherry) Wherry Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment

re rouge   WeedyIntroduced Basionym: Arenaria rubra Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 423. 1753 Synonyms: Tissa rubra (Linnaeus) Britton Treatment appears in FNA Volume

Common names: Proliferous fescue Endemic Synonyms: Festuca rubra var. prolifera Festuca rubra subsp. prolifera Festuca prolifera var. lasiolepis Treatment

treated as Quercus rubra var. rubra; those with smaller nuts one-third covered by cup- or bowl-shaped cups are treated as Q. rubra var. borealis (F. Michaux)

serrulata Aiton Hort. Kew. 1: 338. 1789 Synonyms: Alnus noveboracensis Britton Alnus rubra Desfontaines ex Spach Alnus rugosa var. serrulata (Aiton) Winkler Treatment

Common names: Various-leaved fescue Fétuque hétérophylle Synonyms: Festuca rubra var. heterophylla Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 420

macrophyllum Pursh, Populus trichocarpa Torrey & A. Gray ex Hooker, and Alnus rubra Bongard) or on deep-shaded and moist rocky banks Elevation: 0–200 m Generated

formed by the persistent stigma in Actaea pachypoda is larger than that in A. rubra. Red- and pink-berried plants have been called Actaea pachypoda forma rubrocarpa

howei Renauld & Cardot Dicranella langloisii Renauld & Cardot Dicranella rubra Lindberg Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 389. Mentioned

  Family ⠉ Taxon Illustrator ⠉ Moraceae Moraceae Moraceae Morus rubra Broussonetia papyrifera Fatoua villosa John Myers John Myers John Myers Moraceae

serotina Ulmus alata Ulmus americana Planera aquatica Ulmus thomasii Ulmus rubra John Myers John Myers John Myers John Myers John Myers John Myers Ulmaceae

  Family ⠉ Taxon Illustrator ⠉ Moraceae Moraceae Moraceae Morus rubra Broussonetia papyrifera Fatoua villosa John Myers John Myers John Myers Moraceae

serotina Ulmus alata Ulmus americana Planera aquatica Ulmus thomasii Ulmus rubra John Myers John Myers John Myers John Myers John Myers John Myers Ulmaceae

subsp. perfoliata Claytonia rosea Claytonia rubra Claytonia rubra subsp. depressa Claytonia rubra subsp. rubra Claytonia sarmentosa Claytonia saxosa Claytonia

Frangula rubra Frangula rubra subsp. modocensis Frangula rubra subsp. nevadensis Frangula rubra subsp. obtusissima Frangula rubra subsp. rubra Frangula

subsp. venosa Sarracenia rosea Sarracenia rubra Sarracenia rubra subsp. gulfensis Sarracenia rubra subsp. rubra Sarraceniaceae

Illinois University Charleston, Illinois A Arctous Arctous alpina Arctous rubra Arivela Arivela viscosa Atamisquea Atamisquea emarginata Avenula Avenula

protection. The subspecies is introduced in southeastern Virginia. Sarracenia rubra Walter subsp. alabamensis (Case & R. B. Case) D. E. Schnell, which pertains

British Columbia. Festuca pseudovivipara has been described as a form of F. rubra subsp. aucta (p. 414), but differs from that taxon in having pseudoviviparous

Candolle) Fernald Solidago multiradiata var. scopulorum A. Gray Solidago rubra Linnaeus Solidago scopulorum Linnaeus Solidago virgaurea var. arctica de

oak EndemicIllustrated Synonyms: Quercus nuttallii E. J. Palmer Quercus rubra var. texana (Buckley) Buckley Quercus shumardii var. texana (Buckley) Ashe

Basionym: Lychnis dioica Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 437. 1753 Synonyms: Lychnis rubra (Weigel) Patze, E. H. F. Meyer & Elkan Melandrium dioicum (Linnaeus) Cosson

Spach Oenothera psycrophila Ball O. rosea var. parvifolia J. M. Coulter O. rubra Cavanilles O. virgata Ruíz & Pavon Xylopleurum roseum (L’Héritier ex Aiton)

University of Manitoba Winnepeg, Manitoba A Actaea Actaea pachypoda Actaea rubra Anemone Anemone acutiloba Anemone americana Anemone berlandieri Anemone canadensis

subsp. venosa Sarracenia rosea Sarracenia rubra Sarracenia rubra subsp. gulfensis Sarracenia rubra subsp. rubra

George W. Argus Common names: Sandbar willow WeedyIllustrated Basionym: Salix rubra Richardson in J. Franklin, Narr. Journey Polar Sea, 752. 1823, Synonyms:

Common names: Wight’s paintbrush Endemic Synonyms: Castilleja wightii subsp. rubra Pennell Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 664. Mentioned

subsp. tenuifolia Alnus maritima Alnus oblongifolia Alnus rhombifolia Alnus rubra Alnus serrulata B Betula Betula alleghaniensis Betula cordifolia B cont.

confusion with the similar species C. raupii to the east and south, and with C. rubra (Drobow) Rebristaya in eastern Asia. All three are part of a morphologically

larger and bear only simple, erect hairs. The leaves are deciduous as in F. rubra, but the large, broad leaves and fruits with three stones are like those

snail-shell-shaped rather than pear-shaped seeds (R. K. Rabeler 1981). Spergularia rubra (Linnaeus) J. Presl & C. Presl is also similar in aspect; it differs in having

emarginata Manilkara zapota Moraceae Morus Morus alba Morus microphylla Morus rubra P Pouteria Pouteria campechiana S Sapotaceae

herbarium specimens), F. earlei is sometimes confused with members of the F. rubra (p. 412) complex. It differs from them in having pubescent ovary apices and

marilandica, Q. nigra, Q. pagoda (= Q. ×ludoviciana Sargent), Q. palustris, Q. rubra, Q. shumardii, and Q. velutina. D. M. Hunt (1989) cited evidence of hybridization

Generated Map Legacy Map Okla., Tex. For many years the names Quercus texana, Q. rubra var. texana, and Q. shumardii var. texana were erroneously used for Q. buckleyi

Synthyris ranunculina Synthyris reniformis Synthyris ritteriana Synthyris rubra Synthyris schizantha Synthyris wyomingensis

crassifolia Ulmus glabra Ulmus parvifolia U cont. Ulmus procera Ulmus pumila Ulmus rubra Ulmus serotina Ulmus thomasii

Minnesota, Missouri, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. Ulmus glabra is similar to U. rubra in leaf morphology but may be readily distinguished by its smooth bark and

strobus, P. sylvestris, Populus grandidentata, P. tremuloides, Quercus rubra, and Vaccinium angustifolium. None. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"genus"

almost entirely in commerce by various species of eastern red oak (e.g., Q. rubra, Q. velutina, and Q. falcata) that are more common and have faster growth

flowers similar in shape to, but larger than, those of members of the S. rubra complex. In Texas, it grows in wetlands that do not have longleaf pine, in

Greenland, putative hybrids between Festuca frederikseniae or F. vivipara and F. rubra (p. 412) have been reported, and named F. villosa-vivipara (Rosenv.) E.B

length at maturity). Quercus ellipsoidalis reportedly hybridizes with Q. rubra and Q. velutina. The Menominee used Quercus ellipsoidalis medicinally to

Q. laevis, and Q. palustris (E. J. Palmer 1948) and with Q. phellos, Q. rubra, and Q. velutina (= Q. ×fontana Laughlin). None. None. window.properties

alba; they are prized as shade trees with edible fruits. Morus alba and M. rubra are both highly variable and are often confused. Both species have deeply

with Q. coccinea, Q. falcata, Q. imbricaria, Q. marilandica, Q. phellos, Q. rubra, and Q. velutina. The Iroquois considered Quercus ilicifolia very helpful

the Atlantic Coast, but their isozyme profile is identical to that of S. rubra. The report of S. maritima from Maine is based on Standley’s citation of

Trelease), Q. marilandica, Q. nigra, Q. phellos (= Q. ×schochiana Dieck), Q. rubra, Q. shumardii, and Q. velutina. Some Native American tribes used infusions

marilandica, Q. palustris, and Q. phellos (H. A. Gleason 1952); and with Q. rubra, Q. shumardii, and Q. velutina. None. None. window.propertiesFromHigherT

georgiana, Q. hemisphaerica, Q. laurifolia, Q. myrtifolia, Q. palustris, Q. rubra, and Q. texana. None. None. window.propertiesFromHigherTaxa=[{"rank":"section"

×mutabilis E. J. Palmer & Steyermark), Q. phellos (= Q. ×moultonensis Ashe), Q. rubra, and Q. velutina (= Q. × discreta Laughlin). None. None. window.properti

hemisphaerica, Q. laevis, Q. laurifolia, Q. myrtifolia, Q. palustris, and Q. rubra. The Choctaw used Quercus marilandica to ease cramps and to aid in childbirth

P. Morisset and J. Murdock. 1985. Races chromosomiques chez le Festuca rubra sensu lato (Poaceae) dans l'est du Quebec. Canad. J. Bot. 63:227-231 Author:

1976. The Sarracenia rubra complex. Rhodora 78: 270–325. Author: Case, F.W., Case, R.B. Year: 1976 Title: The Sarracenia rubra complex Journal: Rhodora

Moscow, Russia F Filipendula Filipendula occidentalis F cont. Filipendula rubra Filipendula ulmaria F cont. Filipendula vulgaris

Morisset. 1987. Morphological and leaf anatomical variation in Festuca rubra sensu lato (Poaceae) from eastern Quebec. Canad. J. Bot. 65:1065-1077 Author:

1995. La variation des caracteres epidermiques foliaires chez le Festuca rubra sensu lato (Poaceae) dans l'est du Canada. Canad. J. Bot. 74:1425-1438 Author:

plasticite phenotipique des caracteres anatomiques foliaires chez le Festuca rubra L. (Poaceae). Canad. J. Bot. 74:1-08-1718 Author: Dube, M., Morisset, P.

×vaga E. J. Palmer & Steyermark), Q. phellos (= Q. ×filialis Little), Q. rubra, Q. shumardii, and possibly Q. arkansana (D. M. Hunt 1989). None. None. window

northeastern Russia are mostly referable to the similar Asian species, C. rubra (Drobow) Rebristaya. Castilleja raupii is sometimes confused with the partially

Sarracenia rubra Walt.: Some observations. Castanea 42: 149–170. Author: Schnell, D.E. Year: 1977 Title: Infraspecific variation in Sarracenia rubra Walt.:

Verbatim text: Auquier, P. 1971. Festuca rubra subsp. pruinosa (Hack.) Piper: Morphologie, ecologie, taxonomie. Lejeunia, n.s, 56:1-16 Author: Auquier

text: Pellmyr, O. 1985. The pollination biology of Actaea pachypoda and A. rubra (including A. erythrocarpa) in northern Michigan and Finland. Bull. Torrey

Verbatim text: Pavlick, L.E. 1985. A new taxonomic survey of the Festuca rubra complex in northwestern North America, with emphasis on British Columbia

and Salix spp. found in high shrub tundra occur with Arctostaphylos alpina, A. rubra, Empetrum nigrum, Ledum palustre, Rubus chamaemorus,Vaccinium uliginosum

This is the category page for Sarracenia rubra. For the treatment page see Sarracenia rubra. Sarracenia rubra is a subcategory of Sarracenia.

This is the category page for Frangula rubra. For the treatment page see Frangula rubra. Frangula rubra is a subcategory of Frangula.

This is the category page for Claytonia rubra. For the treatment page see Claytonia rubra. Claytonia rubra is a subcategory of Claytonia.

This is the category page for Festuca rubra. For the treatment page see Festuca rubra. Festuca rubra is a subcategory of Festuca sect. Festuca.

Mountain ranges. Among the broad-leaved trees are Acer macrophyllum, Alnus rubra, Cornus nuttallii, Fraxinus latifolia, Populus trichocarpa, Quercus spp.

expansions of tree populations, particularly of Sitka spruce and red alder (Alnus rubra), occurred on the Pacific Coastal Plain. Inland in the Puget Trough, lodgepole