sheaths usually open to the base, varying to closed for nearly their full length; auricles present or absent; abaxial ligules absent; adaxial ligules scarious
10 KB (674 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
florets, occasionally absent; lower lemmas similar to the upper glumes in length and texture; upper lemmas indurate, coriaceous, or cartilaginous, with a
17 KB (785 words) - 18:55, 11 May 2021
evaluated on the lower florets within several spikelets; length of the callus hairs refers to their length when stretched out; anther measurements are based on
82 KB (1,737 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
usually erect or ascending, sometimes prostrate or decumbent for much of their length, occasionally climbing, rarely floating; nodes prominent, sometimes concealed
28 KB (1,872 words) - 17:21, 11 May 2021
base; internodes usually hollow. Sheaths usually open for most of their length, sometimes closed; collars without tufts of hair on the sides; auricles
40 KB (861 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
florets. Glumes usually exceeding the floret(s), always longer than 1/4 the length of the adjacent floret, 1-10-veined, narrowly lanceolate to ovate, hyaline
13 KB (1,008 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
usually hollow, rarely solid. Sheaths closed, margins united for most of their length; collars without tufts of hair on the sides; auricles sometimes present;
4 KB (478 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
occasionally piliferous from rounded-cucullate base; costa to (20–)40–100% leaf length, terminal spine present or absent, abaxial surface occasionally toothed;
20 KB (981 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
located above the vaginant laminae, and a dorsal lamina that occupies the length of the leaf opposite the vaginant and ventral laminae; costa single, usually
2 KB (185 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
pair shorter than median inner 2 pairs), rarely equal in length or in 3 pairs of unequal length; filaments (slender, sometimes winged, appendaged, or toothed):
95 KB (3,708 words) - 23:32, 5 November 2020
papillate, or denticulate; staminode included to exserted, if included, length 3/4+ times corolla throat. Seeds angled or rounded, rarely angled-elongate
11 KB (337 words) - 20:22, 8 December 2021
petal blades often same color as lateral sepals, usually greater than 1/5 length of lateral sepals (exceptions in red- and yellow-flowered species). None
2 KB (176 words) - 22:51, 5 November 2020
hypanthium absent; sepals 0 or 2–12, distinct or connate basally to most of length; petals 0 or (3–)5(–6), distinct or connate; nectary present or absent;
18 KB (1,347 words) - 20:16, 5 November 2020
pink, campanulate to urceolate, glabrous; tepals 5, connate 3–70% of their length, petaloid or sepaloid, monomorphic or, rarely, dimorphic, the inner usually
6 KB (649 words) - 23:08, 5 November 2020
obtrullate, rhombic-ovate, broadly ovate to suborbiculate, 1–8(–12) cm, length 1.6–2 times width, coriaceous to thin, lobes 0 or 1–4 or 5(–9), sinuses
25 KB (651 words) - 00:00, 6 November 2020
bracteoles. Bracteoles cuneate to ovate or obovate, united at least to 1/2 of length, faces with tubercles or crests or smooth. Seeds: radicle lateral or superior
2 KB (201 words) - 14:55, 6 March 2024
compressed; stamens (2–)4, adnate to corolla, didynamous [both pairs of equal length in autogamous forms], staminode 0; pistil 1, 2-carpellate, ovary superior
7 KB (628 words) - 20:27, 5 November 2020
Sporophores long, 1–3 times length of trophophore; blades dull, blue to green. > 28 27 Sporophores short, only 1–2 times length of trophophore; blades shiny
16 KB (461 words) - 20:36, 6 November 2020
or weakly to strongly compressed, closed only at the base or up to full length, fusion of the margins not extended by a hyaline membrane, basal sheaths
3 KB (488 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
endosperm absent; embryo straight [curved]; cotyledons 25–40% of total embryo length. Nearly worldwide except very cold or very dry regions, almost confined
6 KB (558 words) - 23:19, 5 November 2020
the valleys) canals. Leaves in whorls, fused part of length into sheaths. Stem ridges traversing length of internode and continuing into sheaths, terminating
10 KB (489 words) - 15:20, 2 June 2022
partially adnate to hypanthium, styles 1–5, lateral, distinct, adnate most of length, exsert; ovules 2, superposed. Fruits pomes, yellow to red or purplish to
21 KB (2,479 words) - 16:24, 9 December 2021
Spikelets ellipsoid to lanceolate, glabrous. Lower glumes 1/5 - 4/5 the length of the spikelets, 1-11-veined; upper glumes and lower lemmas (5)7-15-veined;
2 KB (250 words) - 18:56, 11 May 2021
sepals 5, imbricate, distinct or connate to 1/2 length; petals 5, distinct or connate basally to most of length, white, greenish yellow, pink, red, or purple
8 KB (575 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
terete or slightly compressed. Sheaths closed from 1/7 their length to their entire length, terete to compressed, smooth or scabrous, glabrous or pubescent;
4 KB (420 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
hypogynous; hypanthium absent; sepals 4–6, distinct or connate basally to most of length; petals 0 or [4–]5[–6], distinct; nectary present or absent; stamens 2–5[–50]
9 KB (777 words) - 20:18, 5 November 2020
margins; teeth erect to spreading or divergent, connate at least 1/2 their length, typically shallow, mostly unequal, with alternating long and short awns
3 KB (325 words) - 23:15, 5 November 2020
(subexplanate, sides glabrous in P. personatus), sutures smooth; staminode included, length usually 1/3–3/4 times corolla throat. Seeds angled, wings absent or narrow
3 KB (230 words) - 20:30, 5 November 2020
conic, sometimes clavate, often rough-thickened basally to nearly whole length. x = 7. North America, Mexico, West Indies, Bermuda, Central America, South
24 KB (1,890 words) - 23:54, 5 November 2020
for at least 3/4 their length; those such as F. saximontana, in which they are closed from 1/3 to slightly more than 1/2 their length; and those such as F
45 KB (2,833 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
1/3–3/4 length of perigynia; bases of perigynia not longitudinally striate on adaxial face. Carex leavenworthii 6 Pistillate scales at least 3/4 length of perigynia;
12 KB (379 words) - 21:41, 5 November 2020
less than 1/2 tepal length (nearly equaling tepal length in F. camschatcensis, but very narrow and obscure; to 2/3 tepal length in F. affinis); small
12 KB (541 words) - 22:14, 5 November 2020
[3–](4–)5(–9)[–10] or 0, imbricate or valvate, distinct (connate for 1/2+ length in C. argyranthemus); petals 5 (sometimes rudimentary) or 0, distinct or
18 KB (818 words) - 20:14, 5 November 2020
absent; pistil 3-carpellate; styles 3, distinct or connate basally to most of length, unbranched or 2-fid. Fruits capsules, tardily dehiscent and with spongy
12 KB (1,294 words) - 15:46, 17 May 2021
usually equal to or 2 times number of petals, usually in 2 whorls of unequal length, sometimes 1 whorl; anthers versatile [or basifixed], introrse, 2-locular
9 KB (801 words) - 23:41, 2 December 2022
(subfam. Polygonoideae), or 2–10+, usually connate proximally or to 1/2 their length, rarely perfoliate, foliaceous or scalelike, margins entire, sometimes awn-tipped
12 KB (1,495 words) - 20:20, 17 May 2021
overlapping, free from subtending included or exserted bracts for most of length, spirally arranged, strongly flattened, at maturity relatively thin to strongly
9 KB (768 words) - 21:21, 5 November 2020
series of 25–45 longer, barbellate bristles, mid apically attenuate, 90–95% length of inner, inner apically weakly to strongly clavate [(0.5–in S. sphacelata)1
13 KB (793 words) - 20:33, 8 December 2021
blade length; inflorescences all bisexual and terminal; Florida. Acalypha chamaedrifolia 10 Petioles 0.4–2.5 cm, more than 2/3 leaf blade length; inflorescences
12 KB (853 words) - 15:52, 28 March 2022
less than 1/5 length of body. Carex sect. Chordorrhizae 34 Perigynia veinless or weakly veined adaxially; beak 0.2+ mm, at least 1/4 length of body. Carex
82 KB (3,643 words) - 21:20, 17 July 2023
or ± round pits (pits oriented with longer dimension at right angles to length of seed). x = 9. North America, Mexico, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa
5 KB (312 words) - 17:00, 29 May 2024
androecium hypogynous; hypanthium absent; sepals 4–5(–9), connate most or all of length; petals (3–)4–5(–9), distinct (connate distally, forming calyptra, in Vitis)
6 KB (550 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
keeled or not keeled, glabrous, pilose, or puberulent, lobes not reflexed, length 0.5–1 times tube; petals 5, lavender, magenta, pink, rose, violet, white
22 KB (2,094 words) - 23:44, 5 November 2020
pubescent or glandular abaxially; tepals 6, connate proximally to 1/2 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic, usually entire apically, rarely emarginate; stamens
13 KB (1,373 words) - 21:23, 9 February 2021
recurved to form confluent, poorly defined false indusia, extending entire length of segment or discontinuous on apical or lateral lobes. Veins of ultimate
18 KB (985 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
acuminate or sometimes acute to rounded; costa usually double, 1/4–2/3 leaf length, sometimes single or nearly ecostate; alar cells sometimes differentiated;
7 KB (523 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
[present]; stamens 2–6(–10)[–25], distinct or connate basally (connate 1/2 length in T. nigricans); pistillode present [absent]. Pistillate flowers: sepals
9 KB (549 words) - 20:13, 5 November 2020
grooved over sutures, prickly, rarely unarmed, dehiscing from apex ca. 1/3 length, valves separating from framework of vascular elements, to which persistent
11 KB (563 words) - 22:50, 5 November 2020
pedicels short. Spikelets ovoid to ellipsoid, glabrous. Lower glumes varying in length, 0-3-veined (rarely 7-veined); upper glumes and lower lemmas usually 3-5-veined
3 KB (263 words) - 18:56, 11 May 2021
morefieldii); sepals ascending, connivent at least proximally and usually much of length, variously colored, lanceolate or oblong to broadly ovate, thick, usually
11 KB (363 words) - 22:46, 5 November 2020
paniclelike, or capitate; tepals 4 or 15, connate 1/ 2/ 3 their length (less than 5 their length in P. wallichii); stamens 5-8 Persicaria 16 Inflorescences
10 KB (665 words) - 23:07, 5 November 2020
lanceoloid or ovoid, terete to weakly 4-angled dehiscent nearly throughout their length; sessile. Seeds numerous, in (1 or) 2 rows per locule, prismatic and angled
6 KB (530 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
petals lobed or not. > 4 3 Petal length 2 times width, lobes ± equal or middle lobe wider. Clarkia concinna 3 Petal length equal to width, middle lobe longer
15 KB (533 words) - 17:51, 2 December 2022
recurved, 1-year old very dark, usually slender, 1–5 cm. Leaves: petiole length (0–)10–40(–60)% blade, pubescent (young), sessile-glandular (young); blade
16 KB (866 words) - 23:53, 5 November 2020
glabrous or pubescent, basal branching extravaginal. Sheaths open the entire length or fused at the base; auricles absent; ligules membranous, often erose to
9 KB (681 words) - 17:21, 11 May 2021
flowers, subtended by triangular bract. Flowers: sepals connate for most of length, usually mixture of brown, purple, or yellow, externally glabrous, inner
7 KB (446 words) - 22:50, 5 November 2020
elements present. Rhizophores borne on upperside of stems, throughout stem length or confined to base of stem. Leaves monomorphic, tightly appressed and spirally
15 KB (584 words) - 21:21, 5 November 2020
compound starch grains, rarely with simple starch grains; embryos to 1/3 the length of the caryopses; epiblasts usually present; scutellar cleft usually present;
5 KB (466 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
peltate. Fruits baccate or drupaceous [capsular]. Seeds not arillate; embryo length 1/3+ times seed, cotyledons large. Introduced; Fla., Mexico, West Indies
3 KB (197 words) - 23:19, 5 November 2020
stamens: filaments 5 long and 5 short, alternating with one another, or equal length. x = (5–)7(–12). North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South
21 KB (920 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
dense mats. Petiole short, threadlike to wiry, often winged part or entire length. Blade ovate or oblong to lanceolate, simple to decompound, usually 1 cell
5 KB (452 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
compressed. Sheaths usually closed for 1/2-7/8 their length, sometimes only 1/20 – 1/10 their length, terete to distinctly compressed, smooth or scabrous;
4 KB (501 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
tube 7–14 mm, length 1–2 times calyx, glandular or eglandular, limb to 10–25 mm diam., lobes 5–10 mm, apex emarginate. Capsules ovoid, length 1 times calyx
5 KB (410 words) - 18:16, 6 November 2020
used to contrast with involute or revolute margins. In this treatment, the length of the corolla lobes and tube is measured from the point of contact in the
74 KB (2,673 words) - 15:17, 5 February 2024
perforate, cilia usually appendiculate, to variously reduced in number or length or sometimes absent. Calyptra fugacious, cucullate, small, smooth. Spores
12 KB (818 words) - 22:34, 5 November 2020
herbaceous at maturity, 1/2 as long as to nearly equaling the upper lemmas in length, 3-9-veined; lower florets staminate or sterile; lower lemmas membranous
12 KB (662 words) - 12:46, 5 June 2023
branching above the base; internodes hollow. Sheaths closed for their whole length or almost so; collars without tufts of hair on the sides; auricles sometimes
7 KB (664 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
acuminate; ecostate, costa double and short, or single, faint, 1/4–1/2 leaf length, sometimes unevenly 2-fid distally; laminal cells smooth or mammillose abaxially
3 KB (293 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
extravaginal. Culms 15-125 cm. Sheaths closed from(1/3)1/2 their length to their entire length, terete to compressed, distal sheaths shorter or longer than
3 KB (387 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
sterile florets below the sexual floret, these no more than 1/2 (9/10) the length of the fertile floret; unisexual spikelets in the same or different panicles;
5 KB (428 words) - 17:23, 11 May 2021
limbs; petals 5, nearly distinct, connate at bases or for most of their length (corolla salverform); blade clawed or claw absent, margins entire; corona
5 KB (493 words) - 23:08, 5 November 2020
absent. Leaves monomorphic, dying back in winter. Petiole ca. 1.5–3 times length of blade, base not swollen; vascular bundles 2, lateral, ± oblong in cross
6 KB (364 words) - 21:25, 5 November 2020
species the leaf and sheath of submersed leaves are adnate for part of their length, and the leaf appears to have a sheathing base with an adaxial ligule at
7 KB (794 words) - 21:32, 5 November 2020
3/4 their length, the hairs about 1.5 mm long Muhlenbergia curtifolia 29 Lemmas scabridulous or pubescent for no more than 1/2 their length, the hairs
38 KB (1,181 words) - 18:58, 11 May 2021
sometimes lost in heat-treated specimens); sporangia following veins for most of length, not covered by reflexed leaf margin (false indusium). Pityrogramma 5 Leaves
12 KB (634 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
serrulate distally; apex obtuse to long-acuminate; costa single, 1/3–3/4 leaf length, or rarely ecostate; alar cells differentiated, quadrate, rectangular, or
5 KB (474 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
terete or weakly compressed; nodes terete. Sheaths closed for 1/10-1/3 their length, terete, smooth or scabrous, distal sheaths usually longer than their blades;
4 KB (481 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
Sterile leaves 4–10 × 1.4–2.5 cm. Petiole green to straw-colored, 1/2–3/4 length of leaf, ca. 0.3 mm wide, glabrous. Blade deltate, 2-pinnate, papery to
2 KB (224 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
a limbidium; costa usually distinct, infrequently obscured, variable in length, absent or nearly so to short-excurrent, variable in structure (bryoides-type
26 KB (1,714 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
adaxial clefts 4–14 mm, 33–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2.5–8 mm, 12–50% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate-acuminate, narrowly oblong
5 KB (507 words) - 19:13, 6 November 2020
abaxial and adaxial clefts 5–9 mm, 33–50(–67)% of calyx length, lateral 2–5.5 mm, 20–40% of calyx length; lobes linear or narrowly lanceolate to oblong or ±
5 KB (476 words) - 19:18, 6 November 2020
purple-veined or -blotched, sometimes white-areolate, winged laterally along its length, usually prominently costate, surfaces of pitcher and hood glabrous or hairy
5 KB (538 words) - 23:45, 5 November 2020
more or less evenly distributed, glabrous; sheaths open for most of their length, uppermost sheaths often somewhat inflated; auricles absent; ligules hyaline
10 KB (769 words) - 17:21, 11 May 2021
Anther 1–2 times length of filament, less than 1 mm; capsule usually exceeding perianth Juncus compressus 11 Anther 2–4 times length of filament, longer
7 KB (290 words) - 21:29, 5 November 2020
base; internodes hollow. Sheaths open, margins overlapping for most of their length; collars without tufts of hair on the sides; auricles absent; ligules membranous
4 KB (400 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
Thalictrum include leaflet shape, degree of dilation of filaments, anther length, shape of anther apex, achene shape and venation patterns, and vestiture
14 KB (849 words) - 22:49, 5 November 2020
proximal and middle perigyinia separated by internodes less than 1/10 their length, yellow-brown to brown, strongly veined on faces, slightly stipitate, obovoid
6 KB (471 words) - 21:44, 5 November 2020
subentire; apex gradually tapered or acuminate; costa to (20–)40–80% leaf length, thin or thick distally, terminal spine present or sometimes absent; alar
6 KB (435 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
abaxial 33–50% of calyx length, adaxial ca. 50% of calyx length, all 4 clefts subequal, lateral 5–7 mm, 33% of calyx length. Corollas 14–22 mm; beak adaxially
3 KB (305 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
mm, length 1–2(–3) times subtending bracts. Veronica persica 26 Capsules absent or almost smooth, sinus angle 50–90°; pedicels (15–)20–30 mm, length 2–5
16 KB (886 words) - 20:36, 5 November 2020
upper florets bisexual, lemmas hyaline, bilobed or bifid to 7/8 of their length (rarely entire), awned from the sinuses; anthers 3. Pedicels free of the
9 KB (671 words) - 18:57, 11 May 2021
Scalelike leaves not overlapping, or, if so, by not more than 1/5 their length, apex obtuse to acute; bark of larger branchlets exfoliating in plates;
9 KB (512 words) - 21:22, 5 November 2020
abaxial ca. 33% of calyx length, adaxial ca. 66% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 3–5.5 mm, 33% of calyx length; lobes ± linear, slender
4 KB (435 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
ascending or ± spreading, narrowly lanceolate to oblong, medium length, arising near or above mid length, apex acuminate to acute, sometimes obtuse. Calyces whitish
4 KB (456 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
abaxial 45–60% of calyx length, adaxial 15–40% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1–4 mm, 5–15% of calyx length; lobes narrowly triangular
4 KB (386 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
typically constricted neck; limb lobes erect or curved, equal to unequal in length and/or width, linear to oblong or deltate, often papillate at recurved or
19 KB (1,096 words) - 22:18, 5 November 2020
adaxial clefts 2–5 mm, 30–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1.5–2.5 mm, 25–30% of calyx length; lobes linear-lanceolate to narrowly triangular
4 KB (369 words) - 19:14, 6 November 2020
inflorescence length; bracts straw-colored, apex truncate, lacerate, glabrous or pubescent; bracteoles lance-ovate, 1/3–1/2 tepal length; pedicels single
3 KB (241 words) - 21:31, 5 November 2020
Perigynium measurements are best taken from perigynia about 1/3 of the spike length. Perigynia become distinctly marrower near the top of the spikes and the
55 KB (863 words) - 21:41, 5 November 2020
Pedicels usually longer than 3 mm, similar to the rame internodes in shape, length, and pubescence color, not fused to the rame axes. Pedicellate spikelets
11 KB (573 words) - 18:57, 11 May 2021
[beyond] anthers into 3 filiform branches each divided for ca. 1/2 their length, apically stigmatic. Capsules [globose to] oblong, wood-textured, rounded
3 KB (293 words) - 22:17, 5 November 2020
locule, anatropous; styles 1–12, distinct or connate proximally to most of length; stigmas (1–)2–12. Fruits capsules [berries], dehiscence septicidal, loculicidal
9 KB (775 words) - 20:18, 5 November 2020
solitary spikelet; spikelets 1–150; 1st order rays unequal (rarely equal) in length, produced singly from the axils of inflorescence bracts; involucral bracts
39 KB (517 words) - 15:42, 16 November 2022
dimorphic; fertile leaves erect, often notably smaller than sterile leaves in length and width. Blades 1–2-pinnate; pinnae monomorphic to dimorphic, pinnatifid
2 KB (112 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
below mid length, apex acute to acuminate. Calyces colored as bracts, 5–20 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 4.7–15 mm, 33–90% of calyx length, slightly deeper
5 KB (525 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
and adaxial clefts 6–22 mm, 33–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2–7 mm, 15–25% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate or oblong, apex acute to
5 KB (503 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
5–9(–12) mm, clefts 30–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral (1–)1.5–4(–5) mm, 10–25% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate to oblong, abaxials
5 KB (521 words) - 19:14, 6 November 2020
in 2 whorls, outer usually opposite petals, often alternately unequal in length or sterile, distinct, free or adnate to petal bases, inserted on or proximal
6 KB (500 words) - 20:13, 5 November 2020
1–4 mm; blade oblong-obovate or obovate lanceolate, 1.5–2 × 0.3–0.8 cm, length 2–4 times width, base acute, margins entire or with a few reduced teeth
12 KB (920 words) - 23:58, 5 November 2020
less to ca. 1/2 overall length of tepals; tepals similar; stamens 6, epitepalous; filaments erect, dilated their entire length, conate into a nectariferous
3 KB (239 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
margins recurved at least proximally, crenulate-papillose; costa 3/4 leaf length; laminal cells rhombic to oblong-hexagonal, 1-papillose on both surfaces
3 KB (246 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
purple, ± fine to slender or moderately thick, 1.5–5 cm. Leaves: petiole length (28–)50–100% blade, glabrous, usually glandular, sometimes eglandular; blade
7 KB (628 words) - 00:00, 6 November 2020
nodal fringe > 9 9 Styles 1, or (2-)3, connate proximally for 2 or more of length or rarely distinct > 10 9 Styles 3 or 5, occasionally 2, distinct or nearly
22 KB (1,113 words) - 23:09, 5 November 2020
Inflorescences 10–20 cm; bract lanceolate, 1.2–3 times flower length; bracteoles linear, 0.5–1 times flower length. Flowers bell- or funnel-shaped, 3–4 mm; hypanthium
4 KB (476 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
scarious. Flowers: perianth 6-tepaled, connate proximally into tube of varying length and shape, usually funnelform, lobes similar, usually ascending to spreading;
9 KB (626 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
serrulate distally; apex acuminate; costa double, short or to 2/3 leaf length; alar cells not differentiated, or shorter, wider than basal cells; laminal
6 KB (432 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
ovate; margins recurved at least basally, crenulate-papillose; costa 3/4 leaf length to subpercurrent; laminal cells ± quadrate, multipapillose [1-papillose]
4 KB (256 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
autoicous or paroicous; perigonial leaves ovate-lanceolate, to 1/5 stem leaf length, apex acute; perichaetial leaves scarcely differentiated; archegonia scattered
4 KB (389 words) - 22:34, 5 November 2020
ovary glabrous, subtended by calyxlike structure; styles connate 1/8–1/2 length, 2-fid apically. Seeds: caruncle absent. se United States, South America
5 KB (375 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
sheath and blade; ligules absent; blades of upper cauline leaves similar in length to those below; siliceous cells of the leaf epidermis absent or irregular
4 KB (281 words) - 18:59, 11 May 2021
stoloniferous. Sheaths closed for 1/10-1/3 their length. Panicles 2-25(30) cm. Spikelets more or less terete, lengths 3.5-5 times widths, narrowly lanceolate to
2 KB (212 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
straight or slightly curved, promptly dehiscent 1/2 to throughout their length. Seeds obovoid, rounded or sharply angled. 2n = 14 (28). w United States
5 KB (275 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
leaves, ocreae, and petioles are from the middle of the main stem. Leaf length includes the petiole. Heterophyllous taxa have cauline leaves at least three
10 KB (707 words) - 21:17, 19 May 2022
adaxial clefts (6–)10–17 mm, 50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral (1–)3–6(–10) mm, 35% of calyx length; lobes slender, triangular, apex acute
4 KB (450 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
spreading-ascending, linear-lanceolate, short to medium length, arising at or above mid length, apex acute. Calyces pale cream to pale greenish yellow
4 KB (409 words) - 20:39, 6 November 2020
abaxial 21–37% of calyx length, adaxial 28–51% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1.5–3.5(–5) mm, 8–18% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate to triangular
4 KB (385 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
(4–)6–8 mm, abaxial ca. 50% of calyx length, adaxial ca. 75% of calyx length, lateral 3–3.5 mm, 33% of calyx length; lobes linear to narrowly triangular
4 KB (437 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
lobes spreading or ascending, narrowly lanceolate, medium length, arising at or above mid length, sometimes wavy-margined, apex obtuse to acute. Calyces
4 KB (385 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
adaxial clefts 6.6–14 mm, 33–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0–4(–4.5) mm, 0–15% of calyx length; lobes broadly rounded to triangular, apex
5 KB (585 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
obovate, 3–5-lobed; lobes ascending, linear, medium length to long, arising at or below mid length, apex acute to obtuse. Calyces colored as bracts, 17–22(–24)
4 KB (403 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
ascending, lanceolate to triangular, short and medium length, usually arising at or above mid length, rarely below, apex acute. Calyces proximally green
4 KB (433 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
spreading when dry, spreading to subsecund when moist; costa to 1/2–4/5 leaf length; laminal cells smooth; basal cells bulging; medial and distal cells 30–56
4 KB (347 words) - 22:35, 5 November 2020
and adaxial clefts 4.7–10 mm, 90% of calyx length, all 4 clefts subequal, lateral 3–6 mm, 50% of calyx length. Corollas 17–20 mm; beak adaxially pink or
4 KB (342 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
pyriform or urceolate, neck well differentiated, sometimes 1+ times urn length; exothecial cells near mouth quadrate or short-rectangular, often reddish
7 KB (687 words) - 22:35, 5 November 2020
bracteate. Flowers: hypanthium partially adnate to proximal 1/2 to entire length of ovary, free from ovary 1–2 mm, green; sepals 5, green tinged with red;
8 KB (417 words) - 23:41, 5 November 2020
blackish, older graying, ± stout to ± slender, 2.5–5(–7) cm. Leaves: petiole length 28–60% blade, winged, glabrous or pubescent, distally variably sessile-glandular;
14 KB (936 words) - 23:53, 5 November 2020
sometimes flowers solitary, bracteolate. Flowers: hypanthium adnate ± entire length of ovary, free from ovary to 1.5 mm, green, greenish white, or greenish
9 KB (683 words) - 23:42, 5 November 2020
bases to appendages, appendages usually terete to clavate (lengths often 2–5+ times lengths of stigmatic lines), usually papillate. Cypselae usually ±
13 KB (623 words) - 21:08, 5 November 2020
yellowish white or pink, rotate, glabrous; tepals 5, connate ca. 1/4 their length, petaloid, slightly to distinctly dimorphic, outer 2 smaller than inner
6 KB (463 words) - 23:08, 5 November 2020
blades less than 1/5 length of lateral sepals; sepals never red or yellow. Sect. Elatopsis 1 Lower petal blades more than 1/5 length of lateral sepals; sepals
5 KB (569 words) - 22:49, 5 November 2020
proximal pair of pinnae), (15–)22–45 × 8–16 cm. Petiole straw-colored, 1/2–2/3 length of leaf, ca. 1 mm wide, glabrate. Blade deltate-lanceolate, 1-pinnate, somewhat
2 KB (157 words) - 21:21, 5 November 2020
base not narrowed, firmly attached to root; proximal internodes similar in length to those of midstem. Leaves cauline, largest at or slightly below middle
6 KB (393 words) - 22:47, 5 November 2020
a latticed disk, endostome segments opposite the teeth, 1/6 or more the length of the teeth, papillose or weakly papillose-striate with a basal membrane
7 KB (585 words) - 22:25, 5 November 2020
developed; nectary scale attached basally, free from petal for at least 1/2 its length, forming flap covering nectary (or sometimes attached on 3 sides, forming
9 KB (314 words) - 22:50, 5 November 2020
ending before mid leaf, often single and slender or stout to 1/2–3/4 leaf length, occasionally double and long, rarely percurrent, terminal abaxial spine
11 KB (609 words) - 22:35, 5 November 2020
monomorphic (dimorphic in P. acrostichoides), evergreen. Petiole 1/9–1 times length of blade, bases swollen or not; vascular bundles more than 3, arranged in
10 KB (804 words) - 21:22, 5 November 2020
usually 0-1 exserted, top node at 1/10-1/3 the culm length. Sheaths closed for 1/10 – 1/5 their length, terete, bases of basal sheaths glabrous or sparsely
6 KB (711 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
fibrous, twisted, dry, thin threadlike segments apparent nearly entire length; buds minute. Stems 1(-3) per root, unbranched, elongation delayed 4-10
6 KB (294 words) - 22:46, 5 November 2020
blade, equitant, sword-shaped, larger than 1.5 cm; venation parallel along length of leaf. Inflorescences: spadices, from 3-angled axis (peduncle fused with
4 KB (374 words) - 21:30, 5 November 2020
absent. Leaves monomorphic, usually dying back in winter. Petiole ± 0.5 times length of blade or less, base swollen and dentate, persisting as trophopod over
3 KB (292 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
from mature anthers that have dehisced and shed their pollen. Pollen sac length is the distance from the distal tip of the sac to its point of confluence
14 KB (1,771 words) - 19:59, 8 December 2021
old very dark brown to black, ± slender, (1.5–)2–3(–5) cm. Leaves: petiole length 20–50(–55)% blade, glabrous, sparsely to densely sessile-glandular, sometimes
11 KB (708 words) - 00:00, 6 November 2020
mm, length 2–4 times bracts, flexuous. Flowers heterostylous or homostylous; calyx green, urceolate, 4–6 mm; corolla rose-pink, tube 4–6 mm, length 1–1
3 KB (328 words) - 18:19, 6 November 2020
sparsely glandular-pubescent. Leaves: petiole length 1/3–1/2 blade; blade ovate to lanceolate, 10–19(–25) cm, length 2–3 times width, base rounded to cordate
5 KB (476 words) - 20:32, 5 November 2020
along their length. Rhizomes of all other species are coarse, thick, and long creeping and form lines of shoots regularly along their entire length. Eurasian
6 KB (479 words) - 21:41, 5 November 2020
nearly the entire length of the stipule. The few species of Potamogeton with adnate stipules have the adnation less than half the length of the stipule,
6 KB (448 words) - 21:30, 5 November 2020
over winter or sometimes persistent into the next season. Petiole 1/5–3/4 length of blade, base not conspicuously swollen; vascular bundles 2, arranged laterally
9 KB (567 words) - 21:21, 5 November 2020
crenately lobed, fleshy or thin; stamens 4–50, distinct, sometimes unequal in length, anthers attached at or near bases, yellow, dehiscing by longitudinal slits;
5 KB (477 words) - 23:53, 5 November 2020
absent, coronal appendages absent, blade apex dentate or fimbriate to 1/2 of length; nectaries at filament bases; stamens 10, adnate with petals to carpophore;
8 KB (813 words) - 23:10, 5 November 2020
mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 7–14 mm, 50% of calyx length, lateral 7–8 mm, 33–50% of calyx length; lobe apex acuminate. Corollas 26–31 mm; tube 9–14 mm;
3 KB (216 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
adaxial clefts 6.5–15 mm, 75% of calyx length, often deeper than laterals, lateral 6.5–8 mm, 40–60% of calyx length. Corollas 18–29 mm; beak adaxially pink
3 KB (339 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
usually arising near or above mid length. Calyces with all 4 clefts subequal; lateral clefts 2–3 mm, 20% of calyx length. Corollas 14–21 mm; beak pale to
3 KB (310 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
18–25 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 13 mm, 50% of calyx length, lateral 5–8 mm, 30% of calyx length; lobe apex acute to obtuse. Corollas 34–41 mm; tube 17–22
2 KB (211 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
Flora of North America Association Trophophore stalk 4–20 cm, 2–2.5 times length of trophophore rachis; blade green to dark green, plane, 2–3-pinnate, to
3 KB (277 words) - 21:25, 5 November 2020
oblong, 12–14 mm, arising above mid length. Calyces with all 4 clefts subequal; lateral clefts 5–5.5 mm, 40% of calyx length. Corollas 15–22 mm; beak pink to
3 KB (257 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
20–23 mm, usually arising above mid length. Calyces with all 4 clefts subequal; lateral clefts 3 mm, ca. 15% of calyx length. Corollas 21–24 mm; beak pink or
3 KB (296 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
3–6 mm, 45–75% of calyx length. Corollas light to bright yellow, 14–26 mm; tube 13–22 mm. Anthers: proximal pollen sac to 1/3 length of distal. Phenology:
2 KB (180 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
mm, 30–35% of calyx length. Corollas yellow, sometimes orange, 11–18 mm; tube 10–13 mm. Anthers: proximal pollen sac ca. 1/2 length of distal. Phenology:
3 KB (231 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
Culms 10-150 cm, erect, glabrous. Sheaths usually closed for up to 1/5 their length; auricles absent; ligules membranous, obtuse, erose or lacerate; blades
4 KB (376 words) - 17:26, 11 May 2021
apiculate or piliferous; costa single or sometimes double, 1/2–3/4 leaf length, sometimes spurred or 2-fid; alar cells quadrate or subrectangular; laminal
4 KB (418 words) - 22:33, 5 November 2020
[equaling] number of corolla lobes, adnate to corolla at base only or to 1/2 length of corolla, uniseriate in appearance; anthers dehiscent by longitudinal
7 KB (698 words) - 23:45, 5 November 2020
green through winter or dying back in winter. Petiole ca. 1/4–2/3 blade length, bases swollen or not; vascular bundles more than 3, arranged in an arc
9 KB (586 words) - 20:38, 6 November 2020
1/4-3/4 their length, terete, smooth or scabrous, glabrous, bases of basal sheaths glabrous, distal sheath lengths 1.6-10 times blade lengths; collars smooth
7 KB (610 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
elliptic, oblong-elliptic, suborbiculate, or obovate, 3–16 mm, length 1.2–2.5 times length, usually scabridulous, rarely glabrous, rigid, margins not thickened
4 KB (183 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
[absent]; pistil 3(–4)-carpellate; styles 3(–4), distinct or connate to 1/2 length, 2-fid [rarely unbranched]. Fruits capsules or drupes. Seeds 2 per locule
12 KB (802 words) - 20:13, 5 November 2020
abaxial 40–70% of calyx length, adaxial 12–33% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0–7.5 mm, 0–35% of calyx length; lobes linear to narrowly
5 KB (493 words) - 20:25, 5 November 2020
ca. 50% of calyx length, adaxial ca. 67% of calyx length, at least adaxial deeper than others, lateral 2.5–9 mm, 15–45% of calyx length; lobes linear (to
5 KB (536 words) - 19:17, 6 November 2020
occasionally forked in some leaves, extending to three quarters of the leaf length to percurrent; leaf cell papillae tending to be relatively small and inconspicuous
4 KB (223 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
rarely obovate, slightly 8-plicate at mouth to strongly 8-ribbed entire length or rarely smooth, mouth puckered or capsule ± constricted below mouth; stomata
7 KB (514 words) - 22:33, 5 November 2020
the shorter diameter) are called scales, regardless of relative overall lengths and widths of the elements. As used here, “subulate scale” and “setiform
270 KB (5,940 words) - 20:46, 31 January 2022
sometimes somewhat basally concentrated; sheaths open for most of their length; auricles often present; ligules membranous, usually truncate or rounded
40 KB (2,632 words) - 17:23, 11 May 2021
obscuring rachis. Flowers bisexual; sepals distinct to connate over 1/2 length, usually symmetric; petals with claws adherent to subconnate petal, forming
2 KB (165 words) - 13:28, 13 April 2022
Culms 10-40 cm. Leaves mostly basal; sheaths closed for 1/8 – 2/7 their length, terete, basal sheaths persistent, overlapping, bases usually not swollen;
5 KB (525 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
adaxial clefts 3–7 mm, 25–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1–3(–4) mm, 8–20% of calyx length; lobes triangular, adaxial segments longer
4 KB (396 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
adaxial clefts 5.5–8.5 mm, 30–40% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1.5–4 mm, 20–25% of calyx length; lobes oblong to narrowly triangular, apex
4 KB (390 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
and adaxial clefts 8–12 mm, 50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0.5–3 mm, 5–15% of calyx length; lobes short-triangular, apex obtuse, rounded
4 KB (474 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
adaxial clefts 12–19 mm, 45–65% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 7–11 mm, 25–32% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate, narrowly triangular, or
4 KB (469 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
and adaxial clefts 8–15 mm, 60–75% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2.5–3 mm, 20% of calyx length; lobes linear to very narrowly triangular
4 KB (468 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
adaxial clefts 10–17 mm, 60–70% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral (2–)5–8 mm, 20–25% of calyx length; lobes narrowly oblong to lanceolate, apex
4 KB (511 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
short–acuminate, apiculate, or rarely long-acuminate; costa to 60–80% leaf length, moderate to somewhat stout, terminal abaxial spine usually present, indistinct
5 KB (367 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
bractlets 8–14 × 2–6 mm, 3/4 to exceeding calyx length > 2 1 Involucellar bractlets 3–10 × 1 mm, 1/3–2/3 calyx length > 3 2 Involucellar bractlets lanceolate-ovate
6 KB (416 words) - 23:21, 5 November 2020
anthers 1/4 to equal filament length Juncus mertensianus 20 Tepals light green, or light pink to white; anthers 2–3 times length of filaments Juncus chlorocephalus
11 KB (266 words) - 15:17, 4 October 2022
1 Lip orifice a longitudinal fissure, length of lip; leaves 2, radical, stem a leafless scape. Cypripedium acaule 1 Lip orifice basal, 4–37 mm; leaves
8 KB (293 words) - 22:11, 5 November 2020
4-angled, often tapering at each end, dehiscent 1/2 to throughout their length; sessile. Seeds usually numerous, in 2 rows per locule, usually obovoid
5 KB (564 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
subsessile refers leaves with a petiole to 0.5 mm. Measurements of raceme length refer to the flowering and/or fruiting portion (including attachment scars)
11 KB (1,157 words) - 23:52, 2 December 2022
15 Filaments exceeding anthers in length. Sagittaria cristata 15 Filaments shorter than or equaling anthers in length. > 16 16 Blades of emersed leaves
9 KB (447 words) - 21:31, 5 November 2020
lanceolate, basally connate to connate for 2 1/2 length [or in groups of 2 or 3 segments connate for nearly entire length], often bearing thread-like fibers between
6 KB (478 words) - 21:31, 5 November 2020
broadly pyriform or urceolate, 1–6[–10] mm, neck sometimes 1+ times urn length; exothecial cells near mouth in 1–3+ rows, medial cell walls straight or
12 KB (577 words) - 22:35, 5 November 2020
linear, lanceolate, or lanceolate-acuminate, short to medium length, arising at or near mid length, apex obtuse to acute, central lobes sometimes rounded. Calyces
5 KB (458 words) - 19:15, 6 November 2020
to lanceolate, oblong, or oblanceolate, short or medium length, arising near or above mid length, central lobe apex obtuse, rounded, or truncate, lateral
6 KB (581 words) - 19:16, 6 November 2020
abaxial ca. 30% of calyx length, adaxial ca. 40% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1–4 mm, ca. 15% of calyx length; lobes oblong or ovate to
5 KB (584 words) - 20:39, 6 November 2020
radiculose, occasionally bare or tomentose, axillary hairs several cells in length, sometimes the proximal 1–3 cells brownish. Stem leaves usually appressed
20 KB (884 words) - 22:27, 5 November 2020
pubescent abaxially, glabrous adaxially; tepals connate proximally 1/4–1/3 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic; stamens usually exserted, occasionally included;
18 KB (535 words) - 20:40, 22 September 2022
swollen or not; perianth campanulate; tepals 4–5, connate 1/4–2/3 their length; stamens 5–8; styles deciduous, 2–3, included or exserted (exserted syles
10 KB (422 words) - 23:08, 5 November 2020
recurved and forming confluent, poorly defined false indusia extending entire length of segment. Veins of ultimate segments free, usually obscure, pinnately
6 KB (486 words) - 21:25, 5 November 2020
least at the base and forming a disk, frequently to more than 1/2 their length and forming a cupule; disarticulation at the base of the fascicles. Spikelets
7 KB (488 words) - 18:56, 11 May 2021
brown to blackish, usually shiny, usually slender, 2.5–5 cm. Leaves: petiole length (16–)30–55% blade, glabrous, sometimes pubescent young, eglandular or sparsely
6 KB (491 words) - 00:00, 6 November 2020
maturity, 3-7-veined, margins flat, separated and parallel for their whole length at maturity, apices not lobed or lobed, glabrous or hairy, hairs about 0
7 KB (591 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
extravaginal, or both. Culms 5-60(70) cm. Sheaths closed for 1/7 – 4/5 their length, terete, distal sheaths longer than their blades; innovation blades sometimes
3 KB (338 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
and extravaginal. Culms (5)7-70 cm. Sheaths closed for 1/3 - 7/10 their length, terete or weakly keeled, distal sheaths usually longer than their blades;
3 KB (316 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
base of lip less than 1/3 length of lip; flowers chasmogamous. Corallorhiza striata 2 Callus at base of lip greater than 1/3 length of lip; flowers cleistogamous
5 KB (333 words) - 22:12, 5 November 2020
not rhizomatous. Culms 5-100 cm. Sheaths closed for 1/10 – 1/5(1/4) their length, terete; ligules 2-6 mm, apices acute to acuminate; blades 1-5 mm wide.
3 KB (241 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
annulus present or absent; peristome teeth 8–16, entire or divided 1/2 their length, articulate. Calyptra cucullate or mitrate, smooth, rarely fringed at base
4 KB (426 words) - 22:27, 5 November 2020
funnelform to salverform to semicampanulate, tube straight to curved, ca. same length as limb lobes; stamens inserted on perianth tube throat; filaments thin
3 KB (223 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
0.5–1 mm. Berries 14–30 mm. Seeds elongate, 13–15 mm; hilum ca. 1/3 seed length. 2n = 52. Phenology: Flowering mostly late summer (sporadic throughout year)
2 KB (192 words) - 23:44, 5 November 2020
lip and petals that diverge only near apex, forming tube for most of their length, the flower thus appearing closed Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment
4 KB (374 words) - 22:11, 5 November 2020
Plants annual. Culms 3-40 cm, geniculate. Sheaths open for most of their length; auricles present, often inconspicuous; ligules 0.4-2 mm, membranous, truncate;
4 KB (403 words) - 17:23, 11 May 2021
arising below mid length. Calyces with all 4 clefts subequal or lateral clefts shallower; lateral clefts 2–3 mm, 25% of calyx length. Corollas 14–21 mm;
3 KB (321 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
abaxial and adaxial clefts 4–9 mm, 33–50% of calyx length, lateral 2.5–5 mm, 12–20% of calyx length; lobe apex acute to acuminate. Corollas 25–35 mm; tube
4 KB (347 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
Flora of North America Association Trophophore stalk 3–15 cm, 1.5–2.5 times length of trophophore rachis; blade shiny green, often bronze in winter, plane
4 KB (364 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
present. Staminate flowers: sepals 5, white, petaloid, imbricate, connate 1/2 length; petals 0; nectary intrastaminal, annular; stamens [8–]10[–25] in 2[–6]
4 KB (357 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
acuminate; costa single, double, or rarely triple, sometimes 2-fid, 1/3–3/4 leaf length; alar cells not differentiated; laminal cells smooth. Branch leaves ovate
4 KB (307 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
sometimes lax to flaccid, 3–4-sided in cross section, ca. 2/3 or less as wide as length of scalelike leaves. Leaves green but sometimes turning reddish brown in
4 KB (290 words) - 17:56, 6 November 2020
abaxial and adaxial clefts (4–)5–8(–10) mm, 33% of calyx length, lateral 3–5(–7) mm, 10–25% of calyx length; lobe apex acute, rarely obtuse. Corollas 16–22 mm;
4 KB (289 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
pinkish brown. Sheaths of aerial leaves usually closed for over 1/2 their length, sometimes open to the base, opaque, green to olive-green, glabrous; collars
4 KB (391 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
ending just before apex, or branched to 2-fid and ending 1/2–9/10 leaf length; alar cells differentiated, rectangular to long-rectangular, strongly inflated
6 KB (496 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
calculated as follows: measure length of lobe from apex to a line connecting bases of sinuses; and measure total length of blade from leaf apex to summit
16 KB (1,220 words) - 20:37, 6 November 2020
27 Branch leaves relatively broad, with length to width ratio ca. 2.8; stem leaves relatively narrow, with length to width ratio ca. 1:1.22; branch leaves
12 KB (468 words) - 22:25, 5 November 2020
ratio of length/width more than 5); rachis conspicuously or minutely and sparsely pubescent or glabrous; flowers gaping only from 2/3–3/4 their lengths from
17 KB (439 words) - 22:11, 5 November 2020
their length, terete, smooth or scabrous, glabrous or occasionally retrorsely pubescent, bases of basal sheaths glabrous, distal sheath lengths usually
6 KB (605 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
nodes terete or weakly compressed. Sheaths closed for (1/6)1/4 – 3/5 their length, terete to slightly compressed, smooth or sparsely scabrous, usually glabrous
4 KB (435 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
hair-point present or absent; costa single, moderately strong, 2/3 leaf length to subpercurrent, opaque, not or weakly sinuate; alar cells transversely
6 KB (444 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
their length, terete, glabrous, smooth or sparsely scabrous, bases of basal sheaths glabrous, distal sheath lengths 1.4-4(5.3) times blade lengths; collars
8 KB (787 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
increasing in diam., at least 1/4 perianth length, ± equaling (2/3–11/4) filament length, ca. 2/3–11/3 spathe length; tepals usually reflexed; stamens diverging
3 KB (269 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
Copyright: Flora of North America Association Trophophore stalk 0–2 cm, 0 to 1/5 length of trophophore rachis; blade dull green, oblong to linear, 1-pinnate, to
3 KB (293 words) - 23:03, 20 February 2024
purple-brown, shining, older dull or dark gray. Leaves deciduous; petiole length 1/5–1/3 blade; blade ± ovate, 5–9 cm, base truncate to broadly cuneate,
3 KB (259 words) - 00:00, 6 November 2020
Flora of North America Association Trophophore stalk 2–15 cm, 0.3–1.2 times length of trophophore rachis; blade shiny green, plane, ternate, 2–3-pinnate, to
4 KB (307 words) - 23:05, 20 February 2024
linear, forming narrow band 2/3 to equaling tepal length; style obviously branched for 1/2–2/3 its length, branches longer than 1.5 mm. Capsules angled. Generated
3 KB (227 words) - 22:14, 5 November 2020
serrulate distally; apex acute to narrowly obtuse; costa to 33–66% leaf length, slender, terminal spine absent; alar cells subquadrate to oblate-quadrate
3 KB (263 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
Flora of North America Association Trophophore stalk 8–26 mm, to 1.1 times length of trophophore rachis; blade dull green, ovate-oblong to deltate-oblong
3 KB (266 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
of hairs; microhairs of blades with an inflated terminal cell similar in length to the basal cell. Inflorescences terminal, narrow, spikelike or somewhat
3 KB (273 words) - 18:59, 11 May 2021
Copyright: Flora of North America Association Trophophore stalk 0–5 mm, to 1/6 length of trophophore rachis; blade dull, ± glaucescent green, oblong, 1–3-pinnate
3 KB (271 words) - 23:03, 20 February 2024
maroon, or reddish ring, corolla short-tubular, lobes strongly reflexed, length 2+ times tube, apex mostly acute; stamens ± exserted; filaments distinct
17 KB (1,639 words) - 23:44, 5 November 2020
chestnut brown, medium to stout, (2–)3–6.5 cm. Leaves: petiole usually short, length 0–18(–31)% blade, usually glabrous, sometimes villous or glabrescent, usually
7 KB (683 words) - 00:00, 6 November 2020
only near the base, those of the flag leaves closed for at least 1/2 their length; auricles absent; ligules membranous, glabrous, acute; blades flat or conduplicate
5 KB (406 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
should be examined because they are the most representative. Perigynium beak length reported here is the distance from the achene summit (as viewed through
6 KB (361 words) - 21:41, 5 November 2020
occasionally pubescent abaxially; tepals connate proximally 1/4–1/3 their length, monomorphic; stamens exserted; filaments pilose proximally or glabrous
6 KB (397 words) - 23:13, 5 November 2020
sclerodermis absent, central strand absent; axillary hairs to ca. 5 cells in length, proximal cell walls sometimes thickened. Stem leaves strongly appressed
5 KB (554 words) - 22:29, 5 November 2020
adaxial clefts 6–15 mm, 33–75% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0.5–4 mm, 5–20% of calyx length; lobes linear to narrowly triangular or narrowly
5 KB (464 words) - 19:16, 6 November 2020
3-carpellate (Astilbe, Lithophragma, Micranthes), carpels connate for full length of ovary to barely connate proximally, equal, rarely unequal (Tiarella);
24 KB (2,046 words) - 23:46, 5 November 2020
Capsule long-exserted, elliptic-oblong to fusiform, strongly 8-ribbed entire length, not constricted below mouth; stomata superficial; peristome double, single
4 KB (351 words) - 22:33, 5 November 2020
hebecarpus); nectary scale attached basally, free from petal for at least 1/2 its length, forming flap covering nectary, glabrous, free margin entire; style present
4 KB (254 words) - 22:45, 5 November 2020
terete or weakly compressed. Sheaths closed for (1/20)1/3 to about their full length, terete or weakly keeled, basal sheaths readily deteriorating; ligules 0
3 KB (335 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
primarily uniform, ca. 1/2 perianth length, more than 15 times filament length, equaling (3/4–11/4) spathe length; tepals rarely reflexed; stamens fasciculate
3 KB (231 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
increasing in diam., ca. 1/10 or less of perianth length, ca. 1/5 filament length, ca. 1/8 spathe length; tepals not reflexed, distalmost not erect; stamens
2 KB (211 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
leaf length. Branchlet leaves ovate-lanceolate; margins nearly entire to weakly toothed basally, coarsely toothed distally; costa to 2/3 leaf length, occasionally
3 KB (287 words) - 22:39, 5 November 2020
flowers: sepals 5, imbricate, connate most of length; petals 0; nectary absent; stamens 10–80, connate entire length forming thick column; pistillode absent
3 KB (229 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
cm, increasing in diam., 1/10 or less of perianth length, ca. 1/4 filament length, ca. 1/6 spathe length; tepals not reflexed, distal 3 more erect than proximal
2 KB (236 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
ca. 1/3 or more perianth length, ± equaling or seldom less than (3/4–11/4) filament length, ± equaling (2/3–11/4) spathe length; tepals slightly diverging
3 KB (277 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
increasing in diam., no more than 1/4 perianth length, ca. 1/2 (1/4–3/4) filament length, no more than 1/4 spathe length; tepals rarely reflexed; stamens diverging
2 KB (194 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
increasing in diam., less than 1/4 times perianth length, 1/5–1/3 times filament length, ca. 1/10 times spathe length; tepals not reflexed; stamens diverging, subequal;
4 KB (356 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
cm, diam. uniform, 3/4 or more perianth length, at least 15 times filament length, ca. 2–4 times spathe length; tepals rarely reflexed; stamens fasciculate
3 KB (251 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
increasing in diam., less than 1/2 perianth length, ca. 2 times filament length, ca. 1/2–3/4 spathe length; tepals sometimes reflexed; stamens diverging
3 KB (217 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
6 cm, diam. uniform, 3/4 or more perianth length, at least 15 times filament length, 3–5 times spathe length; tepals often reflexed; stamens fasciculate
2 KB (191 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
in diam., ca. 1/4 (1/5–1/3) perianth length, usually less than or equaling filament length, ca.1/3–1/2 spathe length; tepals reflexed; stamens diverging
3 KB (298 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
increasing in diam., less than 1/3 perianth length, ca. 1/2 (1/3–3/4) filament length, less than 1/2 spathe length; tepals rarely reflexed; stamens diverging
3 KB (288 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
thin, 4–12 mm, length 2–4 times bracts, stiff. Flowers heterostylous; calyx green, urceolate, 4–8 mm; corolla rose-pink, tube 6–10 mm, length 2 times calyx
3 KB (264 words) - 23:44, 5 November 2020
increasing in diam., less than 1/4 perianth length, ca. 1/2 (1/5–2/3) filament length, ca. 1/6 (1/8–1/4) spathe length; tepals rarely reflexed; stamens diverging
2 KB (217 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
ascending, linear to oblong or narrowly lanceolate, medium length or long, arising at or above mid length, central lobe apex obtuse to rounded or truncate, sometimes
4 KB (435 words) - 19:14, 6 November 2020
or elliptic, margins slightly to strongly revolute, distal 2/3 to whole length evenly incised 1/2–3/4+ to midvein, teeth 2–8 per side, surfaces ± to strongly
10 KB (768 words) - 23:55, 5 November 2020
ovate, length 2/3–1 times undivided portion; petiole free from stipules in proximal leaves, adnate in distal ones; blade 2–5 mm, divided ca. 1/3 length, each
4 KB (451 words) - 23:57, 5 November 2020
Flowers: petals 5; stamens [12–]14–22[–26], filaments connate basally to 1/3 length in groups, densely hairy proximally; ovary densely hairy; styles densely
2 KB (138 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
pinkish red, glaucous [or not]; sepals persistent; carpels distinct most of length, apex convex. w North America, Asia. Species 3 (1 in the flora). None. Sorbus
2 KB (160 words) - 23:59, 5 November 2020
numerous, hypogynous, free, spirally arranged; filaments very short to 1/2 length of anthers; anthers introrse, latrorse, or extrorse, longitudinally dehiscent;
6 KB (468 words) - 23:05, 4 February 2022
terete. Sheaths usually closed for 1/5 - 3/5 their length, hybrids sometimes closed for 1/10 – 1/5 their length, terete, smooth or sparsely scabrous; ligules
3 KB (394 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
curved. Spikelets 3–6 × 1–1.5 mm; proximal scale 1/2 or less of spikelet length; floral scales 6–25 per spikelet, mostly bright orange-brown, sometimes
5 KB (582 words) - 21:38, 5 November 2020
glabrous. Inflorescences: sheath length usually 0.5–0.75 times diam. of flower head; outer involucral bracts 0.5–0.75 times length of flower head. Flowers monomorphic:
2 KB (155 words) - 23:09, 5 November 2020
or ± flexuose, superficial cells smooth and spirally twisted the entire length or spirally twisted and interspersed with sections of prorulate straight
3 KB (206 words) - 22:24, 5 November 2020
blade ovate, oblong, elliptic, deltate, or lanceolate, 0.9–5.2 × 0.2–2.9 cm, length 0.8–7.1 times width, margins crenate, serrate, dentate, repand-denticulate
5 KB (435 words) - 18:12, 6 November 2020
swollen or not; perianth campanulate; tepals 4–5, connate 1/4–1/2 their length; stamens 5–8; styles deciduous, 2–3, included or, rarely, exserted, erect
4 KB (267 words) - 23:08, 5 November 2020
forked in most leaves, extending to mid leaf or three quarters of the leaf length; leaf cell papillae comparatively large and conspicuous in the distal part
3 KB (227 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
fan-shaped, length greater than 1.5 times width. Clarkia biloba subsp. australis 1 Petals lavender to pale or purplish pink, broadly fan-shaped, length not greater
4 KB (291 words) - 11:32, 9 May 2022
to costae, 1 per side, normally uninterrupted, linear, continuous along length of costa. Spores with perine smooth to variously winged or rugose. x = 28
3 KB (164 words) - 21:25, 5 November 2020
indistinct, without and with paraphyses, respectively, archegonia about 1/2 length of paraphyses; antheridia and archegonia few. Sporophytes single. Seta short
3 KB (230 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
petals bright pink, usually white-streaked, narrowly fan-shaped, 10–30 mm, length 2 times width, tapered to a ± distinct claw, lobes ± equal or middle lobe
4 KB (253 words) - 11:32, 9 May 2022
present [or absent] as multicellular gemmae, 1- to 2-seriate, to 7 cells in length, borne on surface of leaves. Sexual condition autoicous; perichaetial leaves
3 KB (310 words) - 22:27, 5 November 2020
fertile pinnae) 17–60 cm. Petiole straw-colored to chestnut brown, 1/2–2/3 length of leaf, 1–1.4 mm wide, hirsute to glabrous. Blade deltate, 3-pinnate, leathery
3 KB (195 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
about as broad or sometimes broader, often subhastately lobed, united 1/2 of length, entire or with few teeth on each side, tuberculate on 1 or both faces.
5 KB (373 words) - 23:00, 5 November 2020
spikelet at all or most nodes; internodes 5-30 mm. Spikelets 1-3 times the length of the middle internodes, solitary, appressed to ascending, often diamond-shaped
6 KB (529 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
anthesis; styles 2, apical, elongate, filiform, stigmatic for 1/3 – 1/2 of their length; stigmatic hairs short, often sparse. Caryopses slightly compressed laterally
4 KB (306 words) - 18:59, 11 May 2021
contiguous to leaf insertion on abaxial side; axillary hairs minute, 2–3 cells in length, basal cell small, apical cell enlarged, ± clavate; paraphyllia none; pseudoparaphyllia
5 KB (485 words) - 22:27, 5 November 2020
from D. sordidus by a different ratio of medial laminal cell length (/um) to leaf length (mm), 17.9–24.4 (23.3–36.5 in D. sordidus). Hedenäs, L. 1996.
8 KB (649 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
mm, adaxial 7–9 mm, clefts 33+% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 1.5–4 mm, ca. 10% of calyx length; lobes linear-lanceolate, apex acute. Corollas
4 KB (399 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
herb with cordate leaves and filiform pedicels that are nearly the same length as the leaves; no vouchers have been found; if it was present, it can be
11 KB (632 words) - 23:22, 5 November 2020
connate basally for more than 1/10 total length. > 41 40 Tepals distinct or connate basally for less than 1/10 total length. > 49 41 Flowering stems leafy. >
39 KB (3,176 words) - 22:13, 5 November 2020
gradually tapered or acuminate, occasionally piliferous; costa to 40–80% leaf length, moderate to somewhat stout, terminal spine present or absent; alar cells
12 KB (633 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
tinged in C. pumilum and C. regelii), clawed, blade apex 2-fid 1/5–1/2 of length, notched, or emarginate; nectaries at base of filaments opposite sepals;
15 KB (867 words) - 23:09, 5 November 2020
Spikelets 1 at all or most nodes. > 7 7 Spikelets usually more than 3 times the length of the middle rachis internodes, usually divergent, sometimes ascending;
14 KB (1,219 words) - 17:23, 11 May 2021
strigose and sparsely glandular abaxially; tepals 6, connate 1/4–1/3 their length, monomorphic, entire or rarely irregularly divided apically; stamens 9;
3 KB (324 words) - 23:15, 5 November 2020
straight to curved; margins recurved on both sides to 1/2–3/4 the leaf length, sometimes to the apex, variously 1–2(–4)-stratose in 1–3(–6) cell rows;
5 KB (323 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
rarely red, campanulate, glabrous; tepals 5, connate proximally ca. 1/5 their length, petaloid, monomorphic or slightly dimorphic, outer larger than inner; stamens
5 KB (348 words) - 23:08, 5 November 2020
stipules either free from or adnate to base of leaf blade for less than ½ length of stipule, if adnate, then extending past adnation as free ligule; blade
18 KB (1,124 words) - 21:31, 5 November 2020
Flora of North America Association Trophophore stalk 0–3 cm, 0–1.5 times length of trophophore rachis; blade dull to bright green to whitish green, linear
6 KB (627 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
clefts 4–16(–17) mm, 30–60(–95)% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0.5–7 mm, 4–30% of calyx length; lobes linear to lanceolate or narrowly to
4 KB (463 words) - 19:16, 6 November 2020
spreading, linear, lanceolate, or oblanceolate, medium length or long, arising at or near mid length, central lobe apex obtuse to rounded, lateral ones acute
4 KB (436 words) - 19:17, 6 November 2020
reflexed to form confluent, poorly defined, false indusia extending entire length of segment. Veins of ultimate segments free or rarely anastomosing, usually
11 KB (613 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
yellow. Disc florets 15–200+, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow, tubes length 1/4–1/3 ± funnelform throats (usually glabrous), lobes 5, spreading, triangular
8 KB (617 words) - 21:06, 5 November 2020
5–20 mm, length 2–4 times bracts, flexuous. Flowers heterostylous; calyx green, campanulate, 3–5 mm; corolla lavender, tube 5–8 mm, length 1.5–2 times
5 KB (472 words) - 23:44, 5 November 2020
tube 6–8 mm, length 1–1.2 times calyx, eglandular, limb 6–8 mm diam., lobes 3–4 mm, apex slightly emarginate. Capsules narrowly cylindric, length 1.5–2 times
4 KB (408 words) - 23:44, 5 November 2020
increasing in diam., less than 1/4 perianth length, ca. 1/2 (1/3–2/3) filament length, ca. 1/2 (1/3–3/4) spathe length; tepals usually reflexed; stamens diverging
3 KB (264 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
elliptical, terete, 2/3 the length of the lemmas, enclosed by, but not fused to, the lemma and palea at maturity; embryos about 1/5 the length of the caryopses,
3 KB (350 words) - 17:21, 11 May 2021
of the endostome, often evanescent and not seen, rarely more than 1/4 the length of the teeth or absent; operculum nearly plane to conic-convex or domed
8 KB (605 words) - 22:25, 5 November 2020
apically or pubescent; distal scales acuminate or with awn less than 1/2 length of body. Perigynia usually ascending, brownish, veinless or to 28-veined
9 KB (501 words) - 21:43, 5 November 2020
1-year old dark gray, usually ± slender, 2–4 cm. Leaves: petiole 1 cm, length 10–20% blade, unwinged part often short or absent, pubescent, eglandular;
7 KB (590 words) - 19:09, 6 November 2020
sepals may counter or exaggerate the effect, by being equal or unequal in length on either side of a flower. In some species, the distal portion of the hypanthium
21 KB (1,465 words) - 23:41, 5 November 2020
distally; apices acuminate; costa single, extending 1/2–2/3 of the leaf length, occasionally slightly forked at apex, or percurrent; proximal laminal cells
3 KB (264 words) - 22:25, 5 November 2020
crenulate-papillose; apex acute or gradually broadly acuminate; costa 4/5 leaf length, covered with cells apically; laminal cells quadrate to isodiametric, multipapillose
4 KB (354 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
distinct, white to pink or purple, scarious margins extending nearly full length of awn, corrugate, villous abaxially; teeth spreading, equal, 0.5–1.5 mm;
4 KB (316 words) - 23:15, 5 November 2020
hardened. Petiole of sterile leaf ca. 1/10–1/5 length of blade, petiole of fertile leaf ± equaling length of blade, bases swollen, persisting as trophopods
4 KB (432 words) - 21:25, 5 November 2020
branches 1–5 pairs, from middle and distal cauline nodes; cauline internode length 0.5–2 times subtending leaves. Leaves: blade narrowly oblong to ovate-oblong
4 KB (343 words) - 19:18, 6 November 2020
bearing a short, mostly 1-celled filiform tip; costa ending 1/2–3/4 the leaf length; basal laminal cells rectangular (50–75 × 25–30 µm), distal cells irregularly
3 KB (290 words) - 22:25, 5 November 2020
Stems 2–6(–13) cm, branches 3–8(–17) mm. Stem leaves broadest at 1/10 leaf length or below, 0.5–1.3(–2.6) × 0.4–0.9(–1.8) mm; base rounded to insertion; margins
4 KB (469 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
leaves to 0.5 mm; costa 1/2–2/3 leaf length. Secondary branch leaves 0.3 mm; apex acute; costa to 1/2 leaf length. Perichaetial leaves to 5 mm, margins
4 KB (349 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
gradually long-acuminate, acumen weakly spreading; costa to 40–70% leaf length, often thick distally, terminal spine present; alar cells subquadrate to
4 KB (315 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
obdeltate to obovate or broadly obovate, 0.6–2 × 0.6–1.8 mm; apical notch to 1/2 length of petal; filaments 0.7–2.2 mm; style 0.6–2.3 mm. Capsules clavoid, tapering
3 KB (331 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
of a combination of characters, notably awn length, length of callus hairs relative to the lemma, glume length and scabrosity, panicle size, and leaf width
19 KB (1,368 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
Costae less than 1/2 leaf length, not obscure distally, sometimes double, rarely nearly ecostate > 10 9 Costae more than 1/2 leaf length to percurrent, often
9 KB (704 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
2 times style length; seeds dark reddish brown Luzula wahlenbergii 5 Proximal inflorescence bract 0.8–1.5 cm; stigmas 5 times style length; seeds light
3 KB (149 words) - 22:40, 22 April 2022
lobes ascending-spreading, oblong or oblanceolate, short, arising above mid length, central lobe apex rounded, often expanded, rounded, or truncate, lateral
5 KB (519 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
adaxial clefts (8–)9.5–12.5 mm, 50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0.5–5(–6) mm, 5–20% of calyx length; lobes lanceolate to ovate, apex acute
4 KB (395 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
adaxial 7–12(–14) mm, clefts 35–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 2–6(–8) mm, 10–30% of calyx length; lobes linear-lanceolate to lanceolate
4 KB (433 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
lanceolate, oblanceolate, or spatulate, long, arising near or below mid length, central lobe apex rounded to truncate, others obtuse to rounded. Calyces
5 KB (509 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
Culms 3-80(100) cm. Leaves mostly basal; sheaths closed for most of their length, often shredding when mature; auricles absent; ligules 0.1-1 mm, membranous
5 KB (437 words) - 17:26, 11 May 2021
mm, adaxial 5–8 mm, clefts 33–50% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0–1 mm, 0–5% of calyx length; lobes oblong to triangular, apex rounded
5 KB (521 words) - 20:24, 5 November 2020
sessile or subsessile, homostylous [mostly distylous]; sepals connate 1/2–2/3 length, nectary present; petals late-deciduous, pale yellow, bright yellow, or
5 KB (412 words) - 23:20, 5 November 2020
to or 1/2 length petals; carpels 5, connate, adnate to hypanthium, indumentum not recorded, styles 2–5, terminal, basally connate 1/3 of length, nearly equal
4 KB (399 words) - 23:59, 5 November 2020
more than 1/3 blade length. Delphinium sutherlandii 16 Lower petals blue to purple; lower petal blade clefts at least 1/3 blade length. Delphinium nuttallianum
10 KB (408 words) - 22:46, 5 November 2020
based on stamen length, fruit length, podogyne length, and the rostrum to fruit length ratio. For Z. palustris in Europe the mean rostrum length is 0.78 ± 0
4 KB (373 words) - 21:30, 5 November 2020
sepals sometimes red or purple, 6–15 mm, lobes equaling to 3 times tube length; petals red-orange, 10–20 mm; anthers usually red to purple, sometimes yellow
3 KB (225 words) - 18:10, 6 November 2020
cuneate to obovate, margins flat to ± revolute, distal 1/4 to nearly whole length evenly to unevenly incised 1/4 to nearly to midvein, teeth (1–)2–10(–12)
11 KB (733 words) - 23:55, 5 November 2020
Sheaths closed for 1/10(1/5) their length, terete, smooth, glabrous, bases of basal sheaths glabrous, distal sheath lengths 1-4 times widths; ligules 2-6 mm
5 KB (432 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
corolla white to pinkish white, urceolate-tubular, petals connate most of length, 5–6 × 1.4–1.5 mm, abaxial surface sparsely puberulent abaxially, adaxial
4 KB (370 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
long-rostrate; annulus usually absent; peristome teeth 16, divided 1/2 their length, longitudinally pitted-striolate proximally, papillose distally. Calyptra
4 KB (312 words) - 22:27, 5 November 2020
straight or curved to 15°, 0.5–0.7 × 0.1–0.3 mm; pits angular-hexagonal, length 1–2 times width, in 8–10 rows, 16–25(–30) per row. Phenology: Flowering
3 KB (277 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
articulated with the sheaths, midveins conspicuous, those below midculm length disarticulating at maturity. Inflorescences terminal, panicles. Pistillate
3 KB (241 words) - 18:55, 11 May 2021
serrulate distally; apex acuminate; costa single, sometimes 2-fid, 1/3–2/3 leaf length, terminal spine often present; alar cells quadrate to short-rectangular
3 KB (262 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
Plants loosely to densely cespitose, to 1.5 dm. Leaves to 12 cm; petiole 2/3 length of leaf; blade green on both surfaces, not glaucous, lanceolate, 1-2×-lobed
4 KB (261 words) - 16:04, 29 February 2024
glabrescent, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only 2 consecutive
3 KB (237 words) - 19:12, 6 November 2020
pubescent abaxially, glabrous adaxially; tepals connate proximally 1/4–1/3 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic; stamens exserted; filaments glabrous or densely
3 KB (231 words) - 23:12, 5 November 2020
recurved, usually hairy; sepals not persistent. Seeds 1, ellipsoid, ± 1/4–1/3 length of samara. x = 8. Fla., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America
2 KB (205 words) - 23:54, 5 November 2020
Leaves erect, or arching in large plants. Petiole dark brown, less than 1/10 length of blade, pubescent with both simple and branched, short, multicellular
3 KB (202 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
leaf; alar region filling basal angles, extending up margins to 1/2 leaf length; medial laminal cells oval-oblong. Branch leaves smaller, narrower. Sexual
3 KB (278 words) - 22:39, 5 November 2020
present [absent], 3-lobed; sepals persistent or late-caducous, 5, connate 1/2 length, petaloid, nectaries usually at base; petals absent [present, basally connate];
3 KB (230 words) - 23:20, 5 November 2020
hirtellous, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only
3 KB (272 words) - 20:16, 5 November 2020
mostly acuminate; anthers rounded, 0.4–0.6 mm; style ± curved, 0.2–0.4 mm, ¼ length ovary. Fruiting heads 2–4 mm diam; achenes obliquely ovoid, 1.5–2.2 mm,
3 KB (225 words) - 21:30, 5 November 2020
± equal; stamens symmetrically arranged; filaments connate to 1/2 their length; anthers parallel, not appressed to style branches; style branches 3, filiform
3 KB (232 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
often dark-flecked, obdeltate to suborbiculate, unlobed, 13–19 ×7–12 mm, length 1.6–2 times width; stamens 8, subequal, subtended by ciliate scales, pollen
3 KB (254 words) - 11:32, 9 May 2022
sometimes, slightly recurved, tardily dehiscent 1/2 to throughout their length. Seeds obovoid or oblanceoloid, sometimes sharply angled. 2n = 14. w, c
4 KB (252 words) - 19:48, 9 December 2022
glabrate, growing tips not enveloped by unfolding leaves; tendrils along length of branchlets, persistent, branched, tendrils (or inflorescences) at only
5 KB (368 words) - 19:11, 6 November 2020
1-55 cm, erect to decumbent. Leaves cauline; sheaths open for most of their length, glabrous, usually scabridulous, occasionally smooth; auricles absent; ligules
4 KB (374 words) - 21:36, 8 December 2021
long-acuminate, subulate to piliferous, rarely blunt; costa single, 1/3–2/3 leaf length, terminal spine sometimes present, small; alar cells quadrate in several
3 KB (264 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
hairs; hairs basally attached, thin, unbranched, 2/3 to nearly equal to length of achene. Temperate regions, North America, Europe, and Asia. Genus 1,
4 KB (446 words) - 22:50, 5 November 2020
not revolute, sometimes slightly thickened, dentate to denticulate most of length, teeth 9–35, apex rounded, truncate, or retuse, abaxial surface pale green
4 KB (311 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
costa single, usually reaching mid leaf, sometimes shorter or to 3/4 leaf length; alar cells often well differentiated, subquadrate to transversely elongate
3 KB (310 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
broadly campanulate, 5-angled, glabrous or stellate-hairy, lobes not reflexed, length ± equaling tube; petals 5, pink, rose, or purple, sometimes turning white
7 KB (624 words) - 23:44, 5 November 2020
anthocyanic). Flowers actinomorphic; sepals persistent, connate basally (ca. 1/4 of length) [distinct], equal (each often subtending a nectary); petals equal; stamens
5 KB (307 words) - 23:32, 5 November 2020
Petals 6–13 mm, length 2 times calyx; mericarps hairy, smooth to slightly roughened or reticulate. Malva neglecta 10 Petals 3–6 mm, length subequal to or
8 KB (453 words) - 23:21, 5 November 2020
Association Trophophores converted entirely to second fertile segment, stalk 1/2 length of fertile segment. Sporophores double, 2 per leaf, 1-pinnate, 0.5–4 cm
3 KB (218 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
Plants loosely cespitose, with persistent leaf bases. Leaves: petiole to 3/4 length of leaf; blade lanceolate, 1-2×-lobed; primary lobes generally lanceolate
2 KB (120 words) - 17:58, 6 November 2020
well developed. Cauline leaves not or only slightly longer than wide, i.e., length-width quotient usually 0.6–1.1 (average 0.9); plantlets frequently produced
2 KB (182 words) - 23:42, 5 November 2020
persistent; hila linear, almost as long as the caryopses; embryos 1/5 – 1/3 the length of the caryopses. x = 10 or 11. Mont., Oreg., Ariz., Idaho, Wash., S.Dak
22 KB (1,566 words) - 17:22, 11 May 2021
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Trophophore stalk 2–15 cm, 0.8–1.2 times length of trophophore rachis; blade somewhat dull gray-green, plane, 3-pinnate
3 KB (295 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
Endemic Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Trophophore stalk 3–10 mm, 1/6 length of trophophore rachis; blade yellow-green, oblong to oblong-lanceolate,
3 KB (233 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
crenate [entire]; stamens 5; filaments distinct or connate basally [to 1/2 length]; connectives not extending beyond anthers; pistillode 3-divided to base
3 KB (269 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
5–7.2 cm, diam. primarily uniform, ca. 2/3–3/4 perianth length, ca. 8–10 times filament length, longer than spathe; tepals often reflexed; stamens fasciculate
3 KB (216 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
on page 618. Plants annual. Culms 5-60 cm. Sheaths open for most of their length; auricles absent; ligules glabrous; blades flat or convolute. Inflorescences
3 KB (248 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Trophophore stalk 0–3(–10) mm, to 1/4 length of trophophore rachis; blade ± gray-green, dull, oblong-linear to deltate
3 KB (259 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
Association Stems 1-pinnate, stems and branches smooth; paraphyllia to 8 cells in length, cells 1:1, sparingly papillose. Stem leaves flexuose-incurved when dry
3 KB (256 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
yellowish green, 1.1–4.4 cm, diam. uniform, ca. 1/2 perianth length, ca. 3–5 times filament length, somewhat shorter than spathe; tepals usually reflexed; stamens
3 KB (224 words) - 22:15, 5 November 2020
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Trophophore stalk 0–20 mm, 0.1–0.5 times length of trophophore rachis; blade dull, glaucescent, ovate-oblong, 1-pinnate
3 KB (220 words) - 21:21, 5 November 2020
1/3-2/3 distance from sinus to base of blade, terminal leaf lobe ca. 1/3-2/3 length of blade; margins entire to remotely serrulate, apex acute to acuminate
3 KB (293 words) - 22:48, 5 November 2020
hairy. Inflorescences: sheath length usually 0.5–0.75 times diam. of flower head; outer involucral bracts 0.5–0.75 times length of flower head. Flowers monomorphic:
4 KB (280 words) - 23:09, 5 November 2020
present. Staminate flowers: sepals 3, apparently imbricate, connate most of length; petals 0; nectary absent; stamens 2–3, distinct; pistillode absent. Pistillate
3 KB (263 words) - 20:15, 5 November 2020
glabrous but with stalked glands along length of ribs; corolla white, 17–33 mm, tube 12.5–28 mm (less than 2 times length of calyx), lobes 5–12 × 3–3.5 mm;
3 KB (274 words) - 23:09, 5 November 2020
old dark purple, fine, 2–4 cm. Leaves: petiole very slender, 0.5 mm wide, length ca. equal to or 50–66% blade, sparsely hairy or glabrous, slightly glandular
5 KB (420 words) - 23:53, 5 November 2020
petal for at least 1/2 its length, thus forming free scale over nectary (scale sometimes free for less than 1/2 its length in R. recurvatus, with serrate
12 KB (580 words) - 22:49, 5 November 2020
disarticulating only under pressure. Spikelets 10-25(40) mm, usually 1-3 times the length of the internodes, appressed to ascending, with 2-9 florets, the distal
12 KB (1,118 words) - 17:23, 11 May 2021
Flowers: sepals blue, purple, or white; lower petal blades less than 1/5 length of lateral sepals, darker colored than lateral sepals. None. Delphinium
1 KB (102 words) - 22:47, 5 November 2020
While awns are present in most species, length varies from a short, translucent apiculus to exceeding the length of the lamina. Awns can be flat or terete
8 KB (825 words) - 22:25, 5 November 2020
grappling-hook trichomes have a tapered stalk that is retrorsely barbed along its length and capped usually by four retrorse barbs. Needlelike trichomes have swollen
18 KB (556 words) - 20:18, 5 November 2020
twisted together above a pale, tessellated basal membrane 1/6–2/3 the total length of the peristome. Calyptra long-cucullate, acute, yellow or brown. Spores
9 KB (614 words) - 22:29, 5 November 2020
closed, glabrous or pubescent abaxially; tepals (5–)6, connate 2/3 their length, monomorphic or dimorphic, entire, emarginate, or lobed to laciniate apically;
17 KB (840 words) - 23:15, 5 November 2020
fruit. Staminate flowers: sepals 5, petaloid, 7–20 mm, valvate, connate 1/2 length; petals 0; nectary intrastaminal, cushion-shaped, lobed; stamens (6–8)–10
6 KB (506 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
nodes terete or slightly compressed. Sheaths closed for 1/10 – 1/5 their length, terete or slightly compressed, smooth or sparsely scabrous, distal sheaths
4 KB (424 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
revolute on both sides to the apex, or less often to 2/3–3/4 of the leaf length, 1-stratose or less often 2-stratose; muticous or piliferous, awns often
6 KB (298 words) - 22:25, 5 November 2020
or longer than limb. > 4 4 Style branches each divided for about 1/2 its length, filiform throughout. > 5 4 Style branches each simple or apically notched
10 KB (643 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
falcate-secund, loosely imbricate, ovate-lanceolate, broadest at 1/9–1/7 leaf length, concave, not to strongly plicate, (1.2–)1.5–2.3 × 0.6–1.1 mm; base slightly
4 KB (461 words) - 20:51, 14 December 2022
usually curving upward from near bases, sometimes subspheric, subequal in length, glabrous, strongly tuberculate, sometimes appearing ribbed; areoles ± circular
6 KB (346 words) - 22:57, 5 November 2020
internodes above or below. Spikelets solitary at each node, 72-2(3) times the length of the internodes, tangential to the rachis, appressed or ascending, the
6 KB (515 words) - 17:23, 11 May 2021
; leaf sinus ca. 1/2 length of midrib. Nuphar rubrodisca 3 Leaf blade more than 2 times as long as wide; sinus less than 1/3 length of midrib. > 4 3 Leaf
7 KB (521 words) - 22:52, 5 November 2020
> 12 12 Leaf blade margins dentate to denticulate or serrulate most of length, teeth 5–31. > 13 13 Leaves crowded, blades elliptic to obovate, marginal
13 KB (338 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
medium length, arising near mid length, apex acute to acuminate. Calyces green, 8–14 mm; abaxial and adaxial clefts 3–6 mm, 30–50% of calyx length, all 4
4 KB (438 words) - 19:18, 6 November 2020
conic; hypanthium length ± equaling calyptra. Eucalyptus camaldulensis 14 Calyptrae of flowers conic-acuminate or horn-shaped; hypanthium length 2–3 times shorter
8 KB (511 words) - 23:49, 2 December 2022
distally; apex acuminate or acute; costa double or obscure, usually to 1/4 leaf length; alar cells often differentiated, quadrate, subquadrate, triangular, or
13 KB (653 words) - 22:38, 5 November 2020
form Blade growth form or texture Blade height or length or size Blade l w ratio Blade length Blade length or size Blade life cycle Blade location Blade margin
372 bytes (2,401 words) - 11:29, 9 May 2022
dense, retrorse or curved to spreading, straight, curly, or ± wavy, medium length to long, soft to stiff, eglandular. Leaves green to purple, linear to lanceolate
5 KB (480 words) - 19:14, 6 November 2020
acute, acuminate, truncate, apiculate, or cucullate; costa to 40–80% leaf length, broad throughout, terminal abaxial spine present or absent; alar cells
4 KB (345 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
maturity, oblong, flattened dorsally, falling free; hila oblong, about 1/3 the length of the caryopses. x = 7. Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Del., Wis., W.Va., Mass
5 KB (441 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
petals oval to broadly oblanceolate, 8–15 × 3–6 mm; stamens 20; styles 5, length unknown; ovary apex densely hairy. Pomes dark purple or almost black, 6–10
3 KB (319 words) - 23:54, 5 November 2020
elongate, narrowly conic-cylindric, split from base on one side about half its length. Spores spheric, yellowish. Tropical and subtropical regions of the world
4 KB (419 words) - 22:29, 5 November 2020
10-15 mm; inner petals 7-12 mm, claw 3-5 mm; nectariferous spur 1/2-3/4 length of petal spur; style 3-4 mm; stigma roughly rectangular, with 8 papillae
4 KB (320 words) - 18:00, 6 November 2020
fleshy, 2–4 mm, tapered toward seta, hollow for the greater part of its length; stomata numerous, stomates present in distal part of capsule, with 2 guard
3 KB (372 words) - 22:24, 5 November 2020
blades of fascicled and non-fascicled leaves elliptic to widely oblanceolate, length usually 2+ times width; sepals, petals, and nectaries usually white, sometimes
4 KB (261 words) - 19:12, 6 November 2020
cm; sepals 4; petals 4; stamens 16; anthers dehiscent along their entire length; pistillate flowers usually with 8 staminodes; styles 4, connate basally;
4 KB (374 words) - 23:44, 5 November 2020
perianth yellow; tepals prominently 3-veined, connate basally for 1/2 their length, lobes broadly linear to oblong-lanceolate, apex rounded; stamens 6, included
4 KB (342 words) - 22:17, 5 November 2020
apex stiffly spine-tipped. Bracts ± 3 times perianth length. Bracteoles 1–2 times perianth length. Seeds 1.5–2 mm. 2n = 54. Phenology: Flowering mid summer
2 KB (147 words) - 22:58, 5 November 2020
pale pink, broadly fan-shaped, length not greater than 1.5 times width, deeply 2-lobed, lobes usually 1/5–1/2 petal length. 2n = 16. Phenology: Flowering
2 KB (171 words) - 11:32, 9 May 2022
pink to magenta, narrowly fan-shaped, length greater than 1.5 times width, 2-lobed, lobes usually 1/5–1/3 petal length. 2n = 16. Phenology: Flowering May–Jun
3 KB (183 words) - 11:32, 9 May 2022
internodes short or long, leaves crowded at rhizome apex or scattered along its length. Leaf blade variegate or not, orbiculate to cordate; calyx tube broadly
3 KB (166 words) - 18:00, 6 November 2020
Montana, and Washington. The latter differs in pedicel length relative to leaf length and the length of the corolla. Arctic white heather has traditionally
4 KB (328 words) - 18:18, 6 November 2020
not; perianth urceolate or campanulate; tepals (4–)5, connate 1/3–1/2 their length; stamens (5–)8; styles deciduous, 2–3, included, spreading. Introduced; Asia
3 KB (196 words) - 23:08, 5 November 2020
3-9-veined, unawned or awned; lower lemmas similar to the upper glumes in length, shape, venation, and pubescence, unawned; lower paleas absent to fully
8 KB (456 words) - 18:56, 11 May 2021
running to base, but in some species dehiscing only ca. 1/4–1/2 capsule length; carpophore absent. Seeds ca. 125, light tan to dark or reddish brown, obliquely
8 KB (454 words) - 23:10, 5 November 2020
in adaxial crescent, partially encircling areoles, of equal length or decreasing in length from apex; inner tepals of uniform color or with bases of different
29 KB (779 words) - 22:57, 5 November 2020
branched stems, usually similar to basal, subtending each branch, decreasing in length distally, sometimes bracteiform and sheathing stem. Inflorescences rhipidiate
16 KB (1,109 words) - 22:17, 5 November 2020
discrete, in chainlike rows along costae or costules, extending only the length of individual areolar veins. Spores with perine irregularly folded. x =
3 KB (225 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
branchlets erect, 3–4-sided in cross section, ca. 2/3 or less as wide as length of scalelike leaves. Leaves green, abaxial glands ovate to elliptic, conspicuous
3 KB (223 words) - 17:57, 6 November 2020
apex gradually tapered, short-acuminate or apiculate; costa to 50–90% leaf length, narrow, terminal spine absent; alar cells subquadrate to short-rectangular
3 KB (285 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
symmetric, 1.4–1.6 cm; petals very slightly spreading, adherent for most of length, white, without petal appendages, 2.2–2.5 cm, apex obtuse; stamens included
3 KB (235 words) - 19:34, 6 November 2020
when dry, strongly concave, 0.6–1.2 mm; costa ending mid leaf or 2/3 leaf length, rarely percurrent; distal laminal cells elongate-vermicular, 60–100 µm
3 KB (252 words) - 22:34, 5 November 2020
nearly equal, apex acuminate; stamens 3 or 6; anthers ½1/2 to equal filament length. Capsules included to slightly exserted, chestnut to dark brown, 1-locular
3 KB (266 words) - 19:34, 6 November 2020
not recurved; apex broad to rounded-truncate; costa single, 1/2–3/4 leaf length; basal laminal cells rectangular, walls pitted or not. Sexual condition
3 KB (218 words) - 22:39, 5 November 2020
striate basally, low-papillose distally; endostome basal membrane 1/4 total length, segments slightly papillose. Spores 12–15 µm. w North America. Species
3 KB (243 words) - 22:39, 5 November 2020
contracted towards the peristome; annulus present; operculum rostrate, half the length of the urn; peristome teeth 16, entire or rarely perforated, yellowish,
2 KB (224 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
long-aristate, spinose; wings attached at sides and base. Flowers: tepals 4 or 5, length 3–7 mm; pseudostaminodes with margins fimbriate at apex, often with dorsal
3 KB (270 words) - 18:03, 6 November 2020
Copyright: Flora of North America Association Leaves 2-pinnate; petioles ± length of blades, winged, with light brown hairs, glabrate at maturity. Sterile
3 KB (238 words) - 21:22, 5 November 2020
urceolate, usually constricted basally; tepals 6, connate most of their length, distal portions distinct, reflexed, short, toothlike; stamens 6, epitepalous
4 KB (289 words) - 22:16, 5 November 2020
furrowed; endostome basal membrane wide, segments equal to exostome teeth length, cilia 1, short, occasionally rudimentary. Calyptra smooth. Spores spheric
3 KB (245 words) - 22:38, 5 November 2020
and branch leaves 1–2(–3) mm; base slightly decurrent; costa 1/2–3/4 leaf length; alar cells slightly differentiated, rectangular to quadrate, 10–30 µm;
3 KB (233 words) - 22:39, 5 November 2020
apex; callus formed by partial connation of 2 basal lamellae, less than 1/3 length of lip; column pure yellow or yellow spotted with red, curved toward lip
3 KB (254 words) - 22:12, 5 November 2020
hemispheric-campanulate, 1.5 mm wide, sides convex; sepals ovate-triangular, length nearly 2 times width, margins curved; petals 1.2–1.5 mm, shallowly hooded
3 KB (204 words) - 21:50, 9 December 2022
acute to rounded, venation pinnate. Sporophores 1–3-pinnate, 1–2.5 times length of trophophore, divided into several equally long branches (all other botrychiums
3 KB (255 words) - 23:01, 20 February 2024
obtuse to rounded, margins thick or revolute, entire to denticulate most of length, teeth 8–19, apex obtuse to rounded, abaxial surface pale green to white
3 KB (225 words) - 20:13, 5 November 2020
broader than inner 2; stamens (7–)8(–9); filaments connate ca. 1/2 their length, forming staminal tube, adnate to perianth tube, glandular-pubescent; anthers
3 KB (260 words) - 23:07, 5 November 2020
Leaves pendent, sometimes erect in small plants. Petiole black, 1/10–1/5 length of blade, hairs few, unbranched; scales ovate to cordate, conspicuous, inflated
2 KB (190 words) - 21:21, 5 November 2020
ascending, stolons absent. Leaves monomorphic, evergreen. Petiole ± 1/2–3/4 length of blade, base not swollen; vascular bundles more than 3, arranged in arc
4 KB (299 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
entire. Leaves monomorphic. Petiole brownish black, 0.5–3(–5) cm, 1/9–1/7 length of blade; indument of blackish, linear-lanceolate scales at base. Blade
3 KB (295 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
forming a sheath around proximal third or fourth of seta. Seta 1/3–1/2 capsule length. Capsule glossy black with age, columella when dry appearing longitudinally
3 KB (191 words) - 22:26, 5 November 2020
proximally by ciliate membrane, distally by short hairs; filaments twice length of anthers; anther apex obtuse to abruptly short-tipped. Capsules erect
3 KB (232 words) - 22:13, 5 November 2020
scarious, especially medially, apex attenuate. Corollas 1–2 mm, usually 1/2–3/4 length of calyx lobes, lobe apex rounded. Stamens included. Capsules 2-lobed, 2
3 KB (291 words) - 20:30, 5 November 2020
gray-brown; thorns on twigs straight, 2-years old black, 3–7 cm. Leaves: petiole length 50% blade, winged distally, glandular; blade green, rhombic to rhombic-ovate
3 KB (285 words) - 14:49, 30 November 2021
characters, that will consistently distinguish them from each other. Glume length works in this Flora because of the species involved, but it is not generally
3 KB (170 words) - 18:59, 11 May 2021
to mid length; spike with bristly appearance; Pacific Coast states. Lipocarpha occidentalis 3 Outer (1st) scale widest at or distal to mid length; spike
6 KB (567 words) - 21:40, 5 November 2020
row of tubercles or a thickened, undulate ridge, dehiscent 1/3–7/8 their length; sessile or pedicellate. Seeds usually numerous, in (1 or) 2 rows per locule
7 KB (575 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
Flowers closed or semi-open; perianth 1.8–5.5 mm; tube 20–57% of perianth length; tepals overlapping or not, green or reddish brown with white, pink, or
8 KB (674 words) - 18:09, 6 November 2020
erect, stolons absent. Leaves monomorphic, evergreen. Petiole 3/4–3 times length of blade, base not swollen; vascular bundles more than 3, arranged in an
4 KB (259 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
absent; apex acuminate, acumen plane; costa single, ending 3/5–3/4 leaf length; alar cells differentiated or not, rectangular, enlarged, walls thin, region
4 KB (365 words) - 22:36, 5 November 2020
Culms 10-110 cm. Sheaths usually open, sometimes closed for most of their length; auricles absent; ligules membranous, acute to truncate; blades flat or
4 KB (371 words) - 17:26, 11 May 2021
pubescent, sessile- and stipitate-glandular; lobes (8–)10–18, rounded, 1/5 bract length. Pistillate flowers: pistil 3-carpellate; styles multifid or laciniate.
3 KB (301 words) - 20:16, 5 November 2020
glumes unawned or shortly awned; lower lemmas similar to the upper glumes in length and texture, unawned or awned, awns to 60 mm; lower paleas vestigial to
15 KB (1,345 words) - 18:55, 11 May 2021
obovate, sometimes oval or nearly round, margins flat, distal 1/2 to ± whole length evenly to unevenly incised 1/4–1/2 to midvein, teeth (2–)3–8(–15) per side
8 KB (681 words) - 23:54, 5 November 2020
oblong-ovate, to rhombic, mainly 4–7 mm, length 1–2 times width. > 25 24 Pinnae oblong-lanceolate to oblong, mainly 6–10 mm, length 3–5 times width. > 28 25 Rachises
10 KB (249 words) - 21:22, 5 November 2020
lanceolate to oblanceolate or broadly oblanceolate to obovate, 2–9 × 0.5–3 cm, length 3–5 times width, chartaceous or membranous, base cuneate to rounded, margins
5 KB (580 words) - 19:08, 6 November 2020
closed for 1/10 – 1/5 their length, terete, smooth or very sparsely scabrous, distal sheath lengths 0.8-1.8 times blade lengths; ligules 1.25-2.5 mm, smooth
4 KB (477 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
spikes pistillate, with 3–18 perigynia, 5–26 × 4.6–9.8 mm, ratio of spike length (in mm) to flower number = 1.3–1.9; terminal spikes 7–34 × 1.1–2.7 mm. Pistillate
4 KB (490 words) - 21:43, 5 November 2020
hirsute and sparsely glandular abaxially; tepals 6, connate 1/4–1/3 their length, monomorphic, 3–5-lobed or laciniate apically; stamens 9; filaments basally
5 KB (375 words) - 23:15, 5 November 2020
shiny, dark brown to black, ± stout to ± slender, 2–4 cm. Leaves: petiole length 15–25% blade, winged distally, pubescent, gland-dotted or stipitate-glandular;
5 KB (471 words) - 23:53, 5 November 2020
straight, 2-years old dark gray or blackish, ± thin, 2–4 cm. Leaves: petiole length 33% blade, winged distally, densely pubescent, stipitate-glandular; blade
5 KB (507 words) - 23:53, 5 November 2020
fragrant; perianth Turk’s-cap-shaped; sepals and petals reflexed 1/5 along length from base, orange or yellow, with prominent red or magenta spots, not distinctly
5 KB (569 words) - 22:14, 5 November 2020
3–16.2 cm, glabrous or puberulent; blade 2.3–11(–14.8) × 1.1–3.6(–5.5) cm, length 1.1–6.5 times width. Peduncles 4.4–27 cm, glabrous or puberulent. Flowers:
6 KB (581 words) - 18:10, 6 November 2020
or puberulent below the inflorescence. Sheaths closed for about 1/2 their length, glabrous or scabrous, stramineous or brownish, persistent or slowly shredding
5 KB (443 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
cm wide at mid-length; inflorescence simple or with 1–5 lateral branches Tillandsia bartramii 14 Leaves 20–50, 0.5–1 cm wide at mid-length; inflorescence
7 KB (252 words) - 21:32, 5 November 2020
(peduncles ± scapiform, usually bearing 2+ leaves or bracts proximally or at mid length). Involucres mostly campanulate or turbinate to hemispheric, 11–30+ mm diam
9 KB (502 words) - 21:10, 5 November 2020
petiole absent or present, glands usually absent (tack-shaped glands along length in A. adenophora); blade unlobed, margins entire or serrate-dentate, laminar
9 KB (598 words) - 20:17, 5 November 2020
hairy; thorns on twigs straight to recurved, ± stout, 2–4 cm. Leaves: petiole length 30–40% blade, glabrate to densely hairy, glandular or eglandular; blade
5 KB (371 words) - 18:19, 6 November 2020
mm, apex acute. Leaves in whorls of 3, 2–6 mm, connate to 2/3–3/4 their length; bases splitting at margins, persistent, forming black, thickened collar;
3 KB (295 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
apex; basiscopic margins entire to scattered dentate; apex bristle 1/3–1/2 length of leaf blade. Median leaves peltate, oblique-lanceolate, 2–3 × 0.7–1 mm;
4 KB (342 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
winter. Petiole of sterile leaf ca. 1–1.5 times length of blade, petiole of fertile leaf 2–6 times length of blade, bases swollen and persisting as trophopods
3 KB (303 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
margins subentire to serrulate; apex acute to acuminate; costa to 60–80% leaf length, slender, terminal abaxial tooth small; laminal cells linear; basal juxtacostal
4 KB (366 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
gradually tapered to acute, long- or short-acuminate; costa to 50–70% leaf length, broad throughout, terminal spine present, sometimes with additional teeth
4 KB (415 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
mm, apex acute. Leaves in whorls of 3, 2–6 mm, connate to 1/2–3/4 their length; bases at first membranous, then becoming thickened, completely deciduous;
3 KB (273 words) - 21:22, 5 November 2020
reniform to obovate, apically undivided or 2-3(-5)-lobed, 9-60 × 5-50 mm, length 0.9-2.7(-5.25) times width, usually leathery, margins often revolute, lobe
5 KB (448 words) - 21:07, 18 November 2021
blade much wider at apex, claw slender, equaling blade in length; nectariferous spur 1/2-2/3 length of petal spur, bent or hooked at apex; style ca. 3 mm;
3 KB (344 words) - 22:48, 5 November 2020
gradually tapered to sometimes acuminate, acumen spreading; costa to 60–70% leaf length, terminal spine present; alar cells subquadrate, 9–15 × 9–12 µm, region
4 KB (411 words) - 22:37, 5 November 2020
costa present; alar cells barely differentiated, region small, to 1/10 leaf length. Branchlet leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate; margins toothed throughout
4 KB (339 words) - 22:39, 5 November 2020
spinelike, to 10 mm. Leaves in whorls of 3, 5–15 mm, connate to 1/2–3/4 their length; bases becoming gray and shredded with age; apex spinose. Pollen cones 1–several
3 KB (277 words) - 21:21, 5 November 2020
Capsule inclined 95–180°, brown to stramineous, pyriform, neck 1/3 urn length; exothecial cells short-rectangular, walls sinuate; stomata superficial;
4 KB (355 words) - 22:35, 5 November 2020
1–3 mm, apex obtuse. Leaves opposite, 1–3 mm, connate to 2/3–7/8 their length; bases thickened, brown, completely deciduous; apex obtuse. Pollen cones
3 KB (298 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
borne on upperside of stems, restricted to lower stems or throughout stem length, 0.3–0.5 mm diam. Leaves dimorphic, not clearly ranked. Rhizomatous stem
3 KB (325 words) - 21:24, 5 November 2020
Trophophore stalk formed abruptly at base, to 5mm, sometimes more, 0.05 times length of trophophore blade. Trophophore blade erect to spreading, usually plane
4 KB (351 words) - 21:21, 5 November 2020
perennial; rhizomatous. Culms 5-80 cm. Sheaths closed for 1/2 - 2/3 their length, glabrous; auricles absent; ligules membranous, glabrous, truncate; blades
4 KB (438 words) - 17:25, 11 May 2021
25, 1/2 length of petals; carpels 5, connate, adnate to hypanthium, indumentum not recorded, styles 3–5, terminal, basally connate 1/3 of length, as long
4 KB (363 words) - 23:59, 5 November 2020
recurved, 2-years old dark gray, ± shiny, ± slender, 2.5–5 cm. Leaves: petiole length 10–25% blade, pubescent, glandularity not recorded; blade broadly elliptic
3 KB (333 words) - 00:00, 6 November 2020
distance from sinus to base of blade, terminal leaf lobe about 2/3 or more length of blade; margins entire to serrulate, apex acute to acuminate; surfaces
3 KB (328 words) - 22:45, 5 November 2020
conic, less than 4 mm. Leaves in whorls of 3, 2–5 mm, connate to 2/3 their length; bases becoming gray and shredded with age; apex acute. Pollen cones 1–4
4 KB (443 words) - 21:23, 5 November 2020
Capsules 10–35 × 1–2 mm, hard, dehiscent 1/2 their length, often tardily dehiscent throughout their length. Seeds obovoid, 1–1.8 mm, sharply angled, apex
4 KB (332 words) - 11:31, 9 May 2022
coronal appendages absent, blade apex entire and obtuse to 2-fid to 1/16 of length; nectaries at filament bases; stamens 10; filaments distinct; staminodes
7 KB (536 words) - 23:10, 5 November 2020
mm, as wide, on stipes 1–8 mm, with 4 prominent wings extending the bract length, united throughout, wings dentate to entire, apex toothed, surface of wings
6 KB (644 words) - 18:01, 6 November 2020
ciliate edges; internodes 3.5-12(15) mm. Spikelets 1/2 - 33/4 times the length of the rachis internodes, usually sessile, sometimes pedicellate, pedicels
14 KB (1,162 words) - 17:24, 11 May 2021
achene and all structures attached and subsequently shed with it. A total length measure begins at the pedicellar joint (nearly always very contracted) and
33 KB (1,224 words) - 14:02, 19 March 2024